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Senate: Difference between revisions
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The Senate (not the judiciary) is the sole judge of a senator's qualifications. During its early years, however, the Senate did not closely scrutinize the qualifications of its members. As a result, four senators who failed to meet the age requirement were nevertheless admitted to the Senate: [[Henry Clay]] (aged 29 in 1806), [[John Jordan Crittenden]] (aged 29 in 1817), [[Armistead Thomson Mason]] (aged 28 in 1816), and [[John Eaton (politician)|John Eaton]] (aged 28 in 1818). Such an occurrence, however, has not been repeated since.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Youngest_Senator.htm|title=1801–1850, November 16, 1818: Youngest Senator|access-date=November 17, 2007|website=United States Senate|archive-date=December 26, 2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021226155950/https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Youngest_Senator.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1934, [[Rush D. Holt Sr.]] was elected to the Senate at the age of 29; he waited until he turned 30 (on the next June 19) to take the oath of office. On November 7, 1972, [[Joe Biden]] [[1972 United States Senate election in Delaware|was elected to the Senate]] at the age of 29, which was only 13 days prior to his 30th birthday on November 20, 1972. Therefore, he reached his 30th birthday before the swearing-in ceremony for incoming senators in January 1973. | The Senate (not the judiciary) is the sole judge of a senator's qualifications. During its early years, however, the Senate did not closely scrutinize the qualifications of its members. As a result, four senators who failed to meet the age requirement were nevertheless admitted to the Senate: [[Henry Clay]] (aged 29 in 1806), [[John Jordan Crittenden]] (aged 29 in 1817), [[Armistead Thomson Mason]] (aged 28 in 1816), and [[John Eaton (politician)|John Eaton]] (aged 28 in 1818). Such an occurrence, however, has not been repeated since.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Youngest_Senator.htm|title=1801–1850, November 16, 1818: Youngest Senator|access-date=November 17, 2007|website=United States Senate|archive-date=December 26, 2002|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021226155950/https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Youngest_Senator.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1934, [[Rush D. Holt Sr.]] was elected to the Senate at the age of 29; he waited until he turned 30 (on the next June 19) to take the oath of office. On November 7, 1972, [[Joe Biden]] [[1972 United States Senate election in Delaware|was elected to the Senate]] at the age of 29, which was only 13 days prior to his 30th birthday on November 20, 1972. Therefore, he reached his 30th birthday before the swearing-in ceremony for incoming senators in January 1973. | ||
The [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution]] disqualifies as senators any federal or state officers who had taken the requisite oath to support the Constitution but who later engaged in rebellion or aided the enemies of the United States. This provision, which came into force soon after the end of the Civil War, was intended to prevent those who had sided with the | The [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution]] disqualifies as senators any federal or state officers who had taken the requisite oath to support the Constitution but who later engaged in rebellion or aided the enemies of the United States. This provision, which came into force soon after the end of the Civil War, was intended to prevent those who had sided with the Confederate States of Americafrom serving. That Amendment, however, also provides a method to remove that disqualification: a two-thirds vote of both chambers of Congress.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Fourteenth Amendment |url=https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/amendment-14/#14_S1 |journal=Constitution of the United States |access-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-date=December 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224120017/https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/amendment-14/#14_S1 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
===Elections and term=== | ===Elections and term=== | ||