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{{Short description|US clandestine intelligence organization}}
{{Short description|US clandestine intelligence organization}}
 
{{Organization
|OrganizationName=Directorate of Operations
|OrganizationType=Intelligence Agency
|Mission=The Directorate of Operations (DO) of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is tasked with gathering intelligence through clandestine human sources worldwide and executing covert actions as directed by the President. It aims to protect U.S. national security by collecting vital information that cannot be obtained through other means.
|OrganizationExecutive=Deputy Director for Operations
|Employees=Approximately 6000
|Budget=Classified (Included within the overall CIA budget)
|Website=https://www.cia.gov/careers/opportunities/cia-operations/
|Services=Human Intelligence Collection; Covert Operations; Counterintelligence; Recruitment of Agents
|ParentOrganization=Central Intelligence Agency
|TopOrganization=Central Intelligence Agency
|CreationLegislation=National Security Act of 1947
|HeadquartersLocation=38.955930, -77.147502
|HeadquartersAddress=George Bush Center for Intelligence, Langley, VA 22101
}}
{{Infobox government agency
{{Infobox government agency
| name            = Directorate of Operations
| name            = Directorate of Operations
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The DO "serves as the [[Clandestine operation|clandestine]] arm of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the national authority for the coordination, de-confliction, and evaluation of clandestine operations across the [[United States Intelligence Community|Intelligence Community of the United States]]".<ref>{{cite web|title=Mission of the National Clandestine Service|url=https://www.cia.gov/offices-of-cia/clandestine-service/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612182130/https://www.cia.gov/offices-of-cia/clandestine-service/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 12, 2007|work=CIA Website|access-date=April 28, 2011}}</ref>
The DO "serves as the [[Clandestine operation|clandestine]] arm of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the national authority for the coordination, de-confliction, and evaluation of clandestine operations across the [[United States Intelligence Community|Intelligence Community of the United States]]".<ref>{{cite web|title=Mission of the National Clandestine Service|url=https://www.cia.gov/offices-of-cia/clandestine-service/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070612182130/https://www.cia.gov/offices-of-cia/clandestine-service/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 12, 2007|work=CIA Website|access-date=April 28, 2011}}</ref>
{{Official URL (simple)|url=https://www.cia.gov/careers/opportunities/cia-operations/}}
==Mission==
The mission of the Directorate of Operations involves collecting intelligence that can only be gathered through human sources, often in environments where technological methods are inadequate or impossible. It also carries out covert actions as authorized by the President to influence events or protect U.S. interests abroad.{{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/careers/opportunities/cia-operations/ |title=CIA Operations |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=February 7, 2025}}
==Parent organization==
The Directorate of Operations is a component of the Central Intelligence Agency, directly reporting to the CIA's Director. The CIA itself operates under the broader umbrella of the U.S. Intelligence Community, with oversight from the Director of National Intelligence.{{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/resources/organization/ |title=Organization |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=February 7, 2025}}
==Legislation==
The Directorate of Operations was established under the authority of the National Security Act of 1947, which created the CIA and outlined its responsibilities.{{Cite web |url=https://irp.fas.org/offdocs/nsc-hst/nsc-4707.htm |title=National Security Act of 1947 |publisher=Federation of American Scientists |access-date=February 7, 2025}}
==Partners==
* Various U.S. government agencies for cooperative intelligence gathering and operations.
* Foreign intelligence services for joint operations or information exchange, though specifics are classified.
==Number of employees==
The Directorate of Operations employs around 6000 officers, including case officers, paramilitary officers, and support staff, though exact numbers are often classified.{{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/careers/opportunities/cia-operations/ |title=CIA Operations |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=February 7, 2025}}
==Organization structure==
The structure of the DO includes:
* Collection Management Officers coordinating intelligence collection.
* Case Officers handling agent recruitment and management.
* Paramilitary Operations Officers for covert action support.
* Language Officers for cultural and linguistic expertise in operations.
===Leader===
The DO is led by the Deputy Director for Operations.
===Divisions===
* Counterterrorism Center for operations against terrorist threats.
* Counterintelligence Center for operations to protect against foreign intelligence threats.
* Special Activities Center for covert action including paramilitary operations.
==List of programs==
* HUMINT Collection Programs for gathering human intelligence.
* Covert Action Programs, specifics of which are classified.
* Counterintelligence Operations to detect and counter espionage.
==Last total enacted budget==
The budget for the Directorate of Operations is part of the CIA's classified budget, not publicly disclosed separately.
==Staff==
Staff includes case officers, operations support officers, technical officers, and analysts, all working in various capacities to support the DO's mission.
==Funding==
Funding for the Directorate of Operations is integrated into the CIA's overall budget, which is classified but known to be significant, supporting a wide range of intelligence activities.
==Services provided==
The DO provides critical human intelligence (HUMINT) to policymakers, conducts covert actions to support U.S. foreign policy, and engages in counterintelligence to protect national security. It operates both domestically and abroad, with a focus on espionage, counter-terrorism, and counterintelligence.{{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/careers/opportunities/cia-operations/ |title=CIA Operations |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=February 7, 2025}}
==Regulations overseen==
The DO does not oversee regulations but operates within a framework of legal guidelines, including Executive Orders and Congressional oversight on intelligence activities.
==Headquarters address==
George Bush Center for Intelligence, Langley, VA 22101
==History==
Originally known as the Office of Special Operations and later as the Directorate of Plans, the Directorate of Operations has evolved through various names and structures since the CIA's inception in 1947. It has been central to many significant U.S. intelligence operations throughout the Cold War and beyond.{{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/resources/csi/books-monographs/origin-of-cia.html |title=The Origin of the CIA |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=February 7, 2025}}


==History==
==History==
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070612182130/https://www.cia.gov/offices-of-cia/clandestine-service/index.html National Clandestine Service]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070612182130/https://www.cia.gov/offices-of-cia/clandestine-service/index.html National Clandestine Service]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4340318.stm "US setting up new spying agency"], [[British Broadcasting Corporation]], October 13, 2005.
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4340318.stm "US setting up new spying agency"], [[British Broadcasting Corporation]], October 13, 2005.
* [https://www.cia.gov/careers/opportunities/cia-operations/ Official Website]
* [[wikipedia:Directorate_of_Operations_(CIA)]]
* [https://irp.fas.org/cia/product/dop.htm FAS Intelligence Resource Program - Directorate of Operations]


{{United States intelligence agencies}}
{{United States intelligence agencies}}
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