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Airbus: Difference between revisions
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'''Airbus SE''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɛər|b|ʌ|s}} {{respell|AIR|buss}}; {{IPA|fr|ɛʁbys|lang|Airbus2.ogg}}; {{IPA|de|ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs|lang|Airbus3.ogg}}; {{IPA|es|ˈejɾβus|lang}}) is a European<ref>{{cite web |date=15 March 2022 |title=Airbus Annual Report 2019 |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/investors/financial-results-annual-reports/annual-report-2021-quick-read |publisher=Airbus SE |page=124 |quote=The Company is a European public company (''Europese Naamloze Vennootschap''), with its corporate seat in Leiden NL and registered with the Dutch Commercial Register (Handelsregister) ...}}</ref><!--PLEASE Read the discussions and understand the meaning of Societas Europaea before changing this again. --> [[aerospace]] corporation. The company's primary business is the design and manufacturing of [[commercial aircraft]] but it also has separate [[Airbus Defence and Space|defence and space]] and [[Airbus Helicopters|helicopter]] divisions. Airbus has long been the world's leading helicopter manufacturer and, in 2019, also emerged as the world's biggest manufacturer of airliners.<ref>{{cite news|date=1 January 2020|title=Exclusive: Airbus beats goal with 863 jet deliveries in 2019, ousts Boeing from top spot|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-airbus-deliveries-exclusive/exclusive-airbus-beats-goal-with-863-jet-deliveries-in-2019-ousts-boeing-from-top-spot-idUSKBN1Z01Q8}}</ref><ref name="About Airbus">{{cite web|url=http://company.airbus.com/company/about-airbus.html|title=About Airbus|publisher=Airbus|access-date=16 June 2017}}</ref> | '''Airbus SE''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɛər|b|ʌ|s}} {{respell|AIR|buss}}; {{IPA|fr|ɛʁbys|lang|Airbus2.ogg}}; {{IPA|de|ˈɛːɐ̯bʊs|lang|Airbus3.ogg}}; {{IPA|es|ˈejɾβus|lang}}) is a European<ref>{{cite web |date=15 March 2022 |title=Airbus Annual Report 2019 |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/investors/financial-results-annual-reports/annual-report-2021-quick-read |publisher=Airbus SE |page=124 |quote=The Company is a European public company (''Europese Naamloze Vennootschap''), with its corporate seat in Leiden NL and registered with the Dutch Commercial Register (Handelsregister) ...}}</ref><!--PLEASE Read the discussions and understand the meaning of Societas Europaea before changing this again. --> [[aerospace]] corporation. The company's primary business is the design and manufacturing of [[commercial aircraft]] but it also has separate [[Airbus Defence and Space|defence and space]] and [[Airbus Helicopters|helicopter]] divisions. Airbus has long been the world's leading helicopter manufacturer and, in 2019, also emerged as the world's biggest manufacturer of airliners.<ref>{{cite news|date=1 January 2020|title=Exclusive: Airbus beats goal with 863 jet deliveries in 2019, ousts Boeing from top spot|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-airbus-deliveries-exclusive/exclusive-airbus-beats-goal-with-863-jet-deliveries-in-2019-ousts-boeing-from-top-spot-idUSKBN1Z01Q8}}</ref><ref name="About Airbus">{{cite web|url=http://company.airbus.com/company/about-airbus.html|title=About Airbus|publisher=Airbus|access-date=16 June 2017}}</ref> | ||
The company was incorporated as the '''European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company''' ('''EADS''') in the year 2000 through the merger of the French [[Aérospatiale]]-[[Matra]], the German [[DASA]] and Spanish [[EADS CASA|CASA]]. The new entity subsequently acquired full ownership of its subsidiary, ''Airbus Industrie GIE'', a [[joint venture]] of European aerospace companies originally incorporated in 1970 to develop and produce [[Airbus A300|a wide-body aircraft]] to compete with American-built airliners. EADS rebranded itself as ''Airbus SE'' in 2015. Reflecting its multinational origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Spain]], and the | The company was incorporated as the '''European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company''' ('''EADS''') in the year 2000 through the merger of the French [[Aérospatiale]]-[[Matra]], the German [[DASA]] and Spanish [[EADS CASA|CASA]]. The new entity subsequently acquired full ownership of its subsidiary, ''Airbus Industrie GIE'', a [[joint venture]] of European aerospace companies originally incorporated in 1970 to develop and produce [[Airbus A300|a wide-body aircraft]] to compete with American-built airliners. EADS rebranded itself as ''Airbus SE'' in 2015. Reflecting its multinational origin, the company operates major offices and assembly plants in [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Spain]], and the United Kingdom, along with more recent additions in [[Canada]], China, and the [[United States]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Michel |last2=Yu |first2=Sophie |last3=Hepher |first3=Tim |date=6 April 2023 |title=Airbus to open new China assembly line amid recovery |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/airbus-open-second-china-assembly-line-finalises-jet-order-2023-04-06/ |access-date=26 May 2024 |website=Reuters}}</ref> | ||
Airbus' headquarters are legally registered in [[Leiden]], Netherlands, but daily management is conducted from the company's main office located in [[Blagnac]], France.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Contact us |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/airbus-contact-us |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=Airbus |date=24 August 2021 |language=en}}</ref> The ''SE'' in its corporate name stands for {{lang|nl|[[Societas Europaea]]}}.<ref>[https://www.kvk.nl/bestellen/#/24288945000006394353 KVK Dutch Chamber of Commerce]</ref> The company is led by CEO [[Guillaume Faury]] and is a component of the [[EURO STOXX 50]] [[stock market index]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Airbus Industrie {{!}} History, Headquarters, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Airbus-Industrie |access-date=2022-12-20 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> Since its inception in 2000, the company's shares have been listed on the [[Paris Stock Exchange]], the [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]] and the four regional Spanish stock exchanges (including the [[Bolsa de Madrid]]).<ref>[https://www.airbus.com/en/investors/share-price-and-information Investors | Share Price & Information]. ''The Drive''. 8 November 2023.</ref> | Airbus' headquarters are legally registered in [[Leiden]], Netherlands, but daily management is conducted from the company's main office located in [[Blagnac]], France.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Contact us |url=https://www.airbus.com/en/airbus-contact-us |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=Airbus |date=24 August 2021 |language=en}}</ref> The ''SE'' in its corporate name stands for {{lang|nl|[[Societas Europaea]]}}.<ref>[https://www.kvk.nl/bestellen/#/24288945000006394353 KVK Dutch Chamber of Commerce]</ref> The company is led by CEO [[Guillaume Faury]] and is a component of the [[EURO STOXX 50]] [[stock market index]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Airbus Industrie {{!}} History, Headquarters, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Airbus-Industrie |access-date=2022-12-20 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> Since its inception in 2000, the company's shares have been listed on the [[Paris Stock Exchange]], the [[Frankfurt Stock Exchange]] and the four regional Spanish stock exchanges (including the [[Bolsa de Madrid]]).<ref>[https://www.airbus.com/en/investors/share-price-and-information Investors | Share Price & Information]. ''The Drive''. 8 November 2023.</ref> | ||
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In July 2016, SFO opened a criminal investigation into "suspicions of fraud, bribes and corruption" after Airbus informed British authorities of a failure to disclose the role played by some intermediaries facilitating the sale of aircraft. Airbus was required to provide this information in order to benefit from export credits, which the British, French and German governments had suspended. In March 2017, the PNF subsequently opened a preliminary investigation into "suspicions of fraud and corruption in civil aviation activities" in cooperation with the SFO.<ref name=SFO2mar2020 /> | In July 2016, SFO opened a criminal investigation into "suspicions of fraud, bribes and corruption" after Airbus informed British authorities of a failure to disclose the role played by some intermediaries facilitating the sale of aircraft. Airbus was required to provide this information in order to benefit from export credits, which the British, French and German governments had suspended. In March 2017, the PNF subsequently opened a preliminary investigation into "suspicions of fraud and corruption in civil aviation activities" in cooperation with the SFO.<ref name=SFO2mar2020 /> | ||
The allegations included that from 2012 onwards Airbus was responsible for recruiting and remunerating intermediaries to influence the award of civil and military contracts. Payments worth hundreds of millions of euros in alleged secret commissions were made and numerous sales including in [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Philippines]], [[Indonesia]], [[Austria]], | The allegations included that from 2012 onwards Airbus was responsible for recruiting and remunerating intermediaries to influence the award of civil and military contracts. Payments worth hundreds of millions of euros in alleged secret commissions were made and numerous sales including in [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Kazakhstan]], [[Philippines]], [[Indonesia]], [[Austria]], China and [[Mauritius]] were under suspicion of bribery.<ref name=mediapart1aug2017 />{{verify source|date=May 2020}}<ref name=FT31jan2020>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/f7a01a60-442b-11ea-abea-0c7a29cd66fe|title=Airbus ran 'massive' bribery scheme to win orders |date= 31 Jan 2020 |work= Financial Times|url-access=subscription}}</ref> | ||
The investigation focussed on the Airbus, Strategy and Marketing Organization (SMO), the department responsible for negotiating sales contracts and which, La Tribune reported as having "a network and an incredible influence around the world." Directed successively by [[Jean-Paul Gut]] and [[Marwan Lahoud]], the SMO was dissolved in 2016 under the new executive director, Thomas Enders, as part of a "clean hands" operation.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.spiegel.de/international/business/airbus-corruption-scandal-threatens-ceo-tom-enders-a-1171533.html |title= Airbus Corruption Scandal May Lead Straight to the Top |date= 9 Oct 2017 |work= [[Der Spiegel]] |quote= Hence, the message from Enders to all those who haven't yet got the message, to those who think they can just carry on as before, including the bribery: "Leave this company rather than make us take you out of the company. Because we're in a dead serious situation, dear colleagues."}}</ref> | The investigation focussed on the Airbus, Strategy and Marketing Organization (SMO), the department responsible for negotiating sales contracts and which, La Tribune reported as having "a network and an incredible influence around the world." Directed successively by [[Jean-Paul Gut]] and [[Marwan Lahoud]], the SMO was dissolved in 2016 under the new executive director, Thomas Enders, as part of a "clean hands" operation.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.spiegel.de/international/business/airbus-corruption-scandal-threatens-ceo-tom-enders-a-1171533.html |title= Airbus Corruption Scandal May Lead Straight to the Top |date= 9 Oct 2017 |work= [[Der Spiegel]] |quote= Hence, the message from Enders to all those who haven't yet got the message, to those who think they can just carry on as before, including the bribery: "Leave this company rather than make us take you out of the company. Because we're in a dead serious situation, dear colleagues."}}</ref> | ||