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Federal Bureau of Investigation: Difference between revisions
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== History == | == History == | ||
=== Background === | === Background === | ||
In 1896, the [[National Bureau of Criminal Identification]] was founded, providing agencies across the country with information to identify known criminals. The [[Assassination of William McKinley|1901 assassination]] of President [[William McKinley]] created a perception that the United States was under threat from [[Anarchism in the United States|anarchists]]. The [[Ministry of justice|Departments of Justice]] and [[Department of Labor|Labor]] had been keeping records on anarchists for years, but President | In 1896, the [[National Bureau of Criminal Identification]] was founded, providing agencies across the country with information to identify known criminals. The [[Assassination of William McKinley|1901 assassination]] of President [[William McKinley]] created a perception that the United States was under threat from [[Anarchism in the United States|anarchists]]. The [[Ministry of justice|Departments of Justice]] and [[Department of Labor|Labor]] had been keeping records on anarchists for years, but President Theodore Roosevelt wanted more power to monitor them.<ref name="Weiner-ch2">{{cite book |last=Weiner |first=Tim |title=Enemies a history of the FBI |publisher=Random House |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-679-64389-0 |edition=1 |location=New York |pages=11–12 |chapter=Revolution |author-link=Tim Weiner}}</ref>{{page needed|date=July 2020}} | ||
The Justice Department had been tasked with [[Interstate Commerce Act of 1887|the regulation of interstate commerce]] since 1887, though it lacked the staff to do so. It had made little effort to relieve its staff shortage until the [[Oregon land fraud scandal]] at the turn of the 20th century. President Roosevelt instructed Attorney General [[Charles Joseph Bonaparte|Charles Bonaparte]] to organize an autonomous investigative service that would report only to the [[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]].<ref name=FindlayMemo1943>{{cite web |last=Findlay |first=James G. |title=Memorandum for the Director: Re: Early History of the Bureau of Investigation, United States Department of Justice |url=https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/brief-history/docs_findlay43 |work=Historical Documents from the Bureau's Founding |publisher=Federal Bureau of Investigation |access-date=August 14, 2012 |location=Los Angeles, CA |date=November 19, 1943 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120703063000/http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/brief-history/docs_findlay43 |archive-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref> | The Justice Department had been tasked with [[Interstate Commerce Act of 1887|the regulation of interstate commerce]] since 1887, though it lacked the staff to do so. It had made little effort to relieve its staff shortage until the [[Oregon land fraud scandal]] at the turn of the 20th century. President Roosevelt instructed Attorney General [[Charles Joseph Bonaparte|Charles Bonaparte]] to organize an autonomous investigative service that would report only to the [[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]].<ref name=FindlayMemo1943>{{cite web |last=Findlay |first=James G. |title=Memorandum for the Director: Re: Early History of the Bureau of Investigation, United States Department of Justice |url=https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/brief-history/docs_findlay43 |work=Historical Documents from the Bureau's Founding |publisher=Federal Bureau of Investigation |access-date=August 14, 2012 |location=Los Angeles, CA |date=November 19, 1943 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120703063000/http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/brief-history/docs_findlay43 |archive-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref> | ||