National Institute of Standards and Technology: Difference between revisions

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Text replacement - "Theodore Roosevelt" to "Theodore Roosevelt"

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 [[File:Wheeled chart of National Bureau of Standards activities, 1915.jpg|thumb|Chart of NBS activities, 1915]]
-President [[Theodore Roosevelt]] appointed [[Samuel Wesley Stratton|Samuel W. Stratton]] as the first director. The budget for the first year of operation was $40,000. The Bureau took custody of the copies of the [[kilogram]] and [[Metre|meter]] bars that were the standards for US measures, and set up a program to provide [[metrology]] services for United States scientific and commercial users. A laboratory site was constructed in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]], and instruments were acquired from the national physical laboratories of Europe. In addition to weights and measures, the Bureau developed instruments for electrical units and for measurement of light. In 1905 a meeting was called that would be the first "National Conference on Weights and Measures".
+President Theodore Roosevelt appointed [[Samuel Wesley Stratton|Samuel W. Stratton]] as the first director. The budget for the first year of operation was $40,000. The Bureau took custody of the copies of the [[kilogram]] and [[Metre|meter]] bars that were the standards for US measures, and set up a program to provide [[metrology]] services for United States scientific and commercial users. A laboratory site was constructed in [[Washington, D.C.|Washington, DC]], and instruments were acquired from the national physical laboratories of Europe. In addition to weights and measures, the Bureau developed instruments for electrical units and for measurement of light. In 1905 a meeting was called that would be the first "National Conference on Weights and Measures".
 Initially conceived as purely a [[metrology]] agency, the Bureau of Standards was directed by [[Herbert Hoover]] to set up divisions to develop commercial standards for materials and products.<ref name=Perry55/> Some of these standards were for products intended for government use, but product standards also affected private-sector consumption. Quality standards were developed for products including some types of clothing, automobile brake systems and headlamps, [[antifreeze]], and electrical safety. During World War I, the Bureau worked on multiple problems related to war production, even operating its own facility to produce [[Crown glass (optics)|optical glass]] when European supplies were cut off. Between the wars, [[Harry Diamond (engineer)|Harry Diamond]] of the Bureau developed a [[Instrument approach|blind approach]] radio aircraft landing system. During [[Governmental impact on science during World War II|World War II, military research and development]] was carried out, including development of [[radio propagation]] forecast methods, the [[proximity fuze]] and the standardized airframe used originally for [[Project Pigeon]], and shortly afterwards the autonomously radar-guided [[ASM-N-2 Bat|Bat]] anti-ship guided bomb and the [[Project Kingfisher|Kingfisher family]] of torpedo-carrying missiles.