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Indiana: Difference between revisions
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While droughts occasionally occur in the state, rainfall totals are distributed relatively equally throughout the year. Precipitation totals range from {{convert|35|in|cm}} near Lake Michigan in northwest Indiana to {{convert|45|in|cm}} along the Ohio River in the south, while the state's average is {{convert|40|in|cm}}. Annual snowfall in Indiana varies widely across the state, ranging from {{convert|80|in|cm}} in the northwest along Lake Michigan to {{convert|14|in|cm}} in the far south. [[Lake effect snow]] accounts for roughly half the snowfall in northwest and north central Indiana due to the effects of the moisture and relative warmth of Lake Michigan upwind. The mean wind speed is {{convert|8|mph|km/h}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Indiana – Climate |publisher=City-Data.com |url=http://www.city-data.com/states/Indiana-Climate.html |access-date=July 4, 2009}}</ref> | While droughts occasionally occur in the state, rainfall totals are distributed relatively equally throughout the year. Precipitation totals range from {{convert|35|in|cm}} near Lake Michigan in northwest Indiana to {{convert|45|in|cm}} along the Ohio River in the south, while the state's average is {{convert|40|in|cm}}. Annual snowfall in Indiana varies widely across the state, ranging from {{convert|80|in|cm}} in the northwest along Lake Michigan to {{convert|14|in|cm}} in the far south. [[Lake effect snow]] accounts for roughly half the snowfall in northwest and north central Indiana due to the effects of the moisture and relative warmth of Lake Michigan upwind. The mean wind speed is {{convert|8|mph|km/h}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Indiana – Climate |publisher=City-Data.com |url=http://www.city-data.com/states/Indiana-Climate.html |access-date=July 4, 2009}}</ref> | ||
In a 2012 report, Indiana was ranked eighth in a list of the top 20 tornado-prone states based on [[National Weather Service]] data from 1950 through 2011.<ref>{{cite web |author=Engineering Analysis Inc. |title=Mississippi Remains #1 Among Top Twenty Tornado-Prone States |publisher=mindspring.com |date=April 12, 2012 |url=http://eai.home.mindspring.com/EAIprs94.html |access-date=August 13, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117084151/http://eai.home.mindspring.com/EAIprs94.html |archive-date=January 17, 2013}}</ref> A 2011 report ranked [[South Bend, Indiana|South Bend]] 15th among the top 20 tornado-prone U.S. cities,<ref>{{cite web|author=Engineering Analysis Inc. |title=Six States Contain Twelve of the Top Twenty Tornado-Prone Cities (revised version) |publisher=mindspring.com |date=October 28, 2011 |url=http://www.mindspring.com/~eai/EAIprs01.html |access-date=August 13, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117084146/http://www.mindspring.com/~eai/EAIprs01.html |archive-date=January 17, 2013}}</ref> while another report from 2011 ranked [[Indianapolis]] eighth.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kellogg |first=Becky |title=Tornado Expert Ranks Top Tornado Cities |publisher=The Weather Channel |date=March 8, 2011 |url=http://www.weather.com/outlook/weather-news/severe-weather/articles/top-tornado-cities_2011-03-08?page=2 |access-date=August 13, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108002946/http://www.weather.com/outlook/weather-news/severe-weather/articles/top-tornado-cities_2011-03-08?page=2 |archive-date=November 8, 2012}}</ref>{{efn|In a 2008 report, Indiana was listed as one of the most tornado-prone states, ranking sixth, while South Bend was ranked the 14th most tornado-prone U.S. city, ahead of cities such as | In a 2012 report, Indiana was ranked eighth in a list of the top 20 tornado-prone states based on [[National Weather Service]] data from 1950 through 2011.<ref>{{cite web |author=Engineering Analysis Inc. |title=Mississippi Remains #1 Among Top Twenty Tornado-Prone States |publisher=mindspring.com |date=April 12, 2012 |url=http://eai.home.mindspring.com/EAIprs94.html |access-date=August 13, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117084151/http://eai.home.mindspring.com/EAIprs94.html |archive-date=January 17, 2013}}</ref> A 2011 report ranked [[South Bend, Indiana|South Bend]] 15th among the top 20 tornado-prone U.S. cities,<ref>{{cite web|author=Engineering Analysis Inc. |title=Six States Contain Twelve of the Top Twenty Tornado-Prone Cities (revised version) |publisher=mindspring.com |date=October 28, 2011 |url=http://www.mindspring.com/~eai/EAIprs01.html |access-date=August 13, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117084146/http://www.mindspring.com/~eai/EAIprs01.html |archive-date=January 17, 2013}}</ref> while another report from 2011 ranked [[Indianapolis]] eighth.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kellogg |first=Becky |title=Tornado Expert Ranks Top Tornado Cities |publisher=The Weather Channel |date=March 8, 2011 |url=http://www.weather.com/outlook/weather-news/severe-weather/articles/top-tornado-cities_2011-03-08?page=2 |access-date=August 13, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108002946/http://www.weather.com/outlook/weather-news/severe-weather/articles/top-tornado-cities_2011-03-08?page=2 |archive-date=November 8, 2012}}</ref>{{efn|In a 2008 report, Indiana was listed as one of the most tornado-prone states, ranking sixth, while South Bend was ranked the 14th most tornado-prone U.S. city, ahead of cities such as Houston, Texas, and [[Wichita, Kansas]]. See {{cite web |last=Mecklenburg |first=Rick |title=Is Indiana the new Tornado Alley? |publisher=SouthBendTribune.com |date=May 1, 2008 |url=http://articles.southbendtribune.com/2008-05-01/news/26911876_1_tornado-track-damaging-winds-and-tornadoes-indiana |access-date=August 13, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117084147/http://articles.southbendtribune.com/2008-05-01/news/26911876_1_tornado-track-damaging-winds-and-tornadoes-indiana |archive-date=January 17, 2013 |url-status=dead }}}}{{efn|In a published list of the most tornado-prone states and cities in April 2008, Indiana came in first and South Bend ranked 16th. See {{cite web |last=Henderson |first=Mark |title=Top 20 Tornado Prone Cities and States Announced |publisher=[[WIFR]] |date=May 2, 2008 |url=http://www.wifr.com/weather/headlines/17036536.html |access-date=August 17, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081109034652/http://www.wifr.com/weather/headlines/17036536.html |archive-date=November 9, 2008}}}}Despite its vulnerability, Indiana is not part of [[Tornado Alley]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Henderson |first=Mark |title=Top 20 Tornado Prone Cities and States Announced |publisher=[[WIFR]] |date=May 2, 2008 |url=http://www.wifr.com/weather/headlines/17036536.html |access-date=August 17, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081109034652/http://www.wifr.com/weather/headlines/17036536.html |archive-date=November 9, 2008}}</ref> | ||
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