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United States Coast and Geodetic Survey: Difference between revisions
United States Coast and Geodetic Survey (view source)
Revision as of 17:40, 3 February 2025
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When it resumed operations in 1833, the Survey returned to surveys of the New York City area and its maritime approaches. Although U.S. law prohibited the Survey from procuring its own ships, requiring it to use existing public ships such as those of the Navy and the United States Revenue-Marine (which in 1894 became the [[United States Revenue Cutter Service]]) for surveying operations afloat, the U.S. Department of the Navy worked around the law by allowing [[Lieutenant]] [[Thomas R. Gedney]] to purchase the [[schooner]] ''Jersey'' for the Navy, then deeming ''Jersey'' suited only for use by the Survey. Under Gedney{{'}}s command, ''Jersey'' began the Survey{{'}}s first [[depth sounding]] operations in October 1834, and made its first commercially and militarily significant discovery in 1835 by discovering what became known as the [[Gedney Channel]] at the entrance to [[New York Harbor]], which significantly reduced sailing times to and from New York City.<ref name="theberge3"/> Gedney was in command of the Revenue-Marine [[revenue cutter]] {{USRC|Washington|1837|6}} on August 26, 1839, when she discovered and seized the Spanish [[schooner]] {{ship||La Amistad||2}} off [[Culloden Point]] on [[Long Island]], [[New York (state)|New York]]. A [[slave ship]], ''La Amistad'' had been taken over by [[African people]] on board who were being transported to the United States to be sold as [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]], and Gedney's seizure of ''La Amistad'' led to the [[freedom suit]] ''[[United States v. The Amistad|United States v. Schooner Amistad]]'', argued before the [[United States Supreme Court]] in 1841.<ref>{{ussc|name=United States v. The Amistad|40|518|1841|Pet.|15}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.africanamericans.com/Amistad.htm |title=The U.S. Navy and the Amistad |access-date=May 20, 2007 |work=AfricanAmericans.com |publisher=Americans.net}}</ref><ref>[https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/40/518.html#587 ''US v. The Amistad''], pp. 587–588</ref> | When it resumed operations in 1833, the Survey returned to surveys of the New York City area and its maritime approaches. Although U.S. law prohibited the Survey from procuring its own ships, requiring it to use existing public ships such as those of the Navy and the United States Revenue-Marine (which in 1894 became the [[United States Revenue Cutter Service]]) for surveying operations afloat, the U.S. Department of the Navy worked around the law by allowing [[Lieutenant]] [[Thomas R. Gedney]] to purchase the [[schooner]] ''Jersey'' for the Navy, then deeming ''Jersey'' suited only for use by the Survey. Under Gedney{{'}}s command, ''Jersey'' began the Survey{{'}}s first [[depth sounding]] operations in October 1834, and made its first commercially and militarily significant discovery in 1835 by discovering what became known as the [[Gedney Channel]] at the entrance to [[New York Harbor]], which significantly reduced sailing times to and from New York City.<ref name="theberge3"/> Gedney was in command of the Revenue-Marine [[revenue cutter]] {{USRC|Washington|1837|6}} on August 26, 1839, when she discovered and seized the Spanish [[schooner]] {{ship||La Amistad||2}} off [[Culloden Point]] on [[Long Island]], [[New York (state)|New York]]. A [[slave ship]], ''La Amistad'' had been taken over by [[African people]] on board who were being transported to the United States to be sold as [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]], and Gedney's seizure of ''La Amistad'' led to the [[freedom suit]] ''[[United States v. The Amistad|United States v. Schooner Amistad]]'', argued before the [[United States Supreme Court]] in 1841.<ref>{{ussc|name=United States v. The Amistad|40|518|1841|Pet.|15}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.africanamericans.com/Amistad.htm |title=The U.S. Navy and the Amistad |access-date=May 20, 2007 |work=AfricanAmericans.com |publisher=Americans.net}}</ref><ref>[https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/40/518.html#587 ''US v. The Amistad''], pp. 587–588</ref> | ||
In 1838, U.S. Navy Lieutenant [[George M. Bache]], while attached to the Survey, suggested standardizing the markings of [[buoy]]s and navigational markers ashore by painting those on the right when entering a harbor red and those on the left black; instituted by Lieutenant Commander [[John R. Goldsborough]] in 1847, the "red right return" system of markings has been in use in the United States ever since. In the early 1840s, the Survey began work in [[Delaware Bay]] to chart the approaches to | In 1838, U.S. Navy Lieutenant [[George M. Bache]], while attached to the Survey, suggested standardizing the markings of [[buoy]]s and navigational markers ashore by painting those on the right when entering a harbor red and those on the left black; instituted by Lieutenant Commander [[John R. Goldsborough]] in 1847, the "red right return" system of markings has been in use in the United States ever since. In the early 1840s, the Survey began work in [[Delaware Bay]] to chart the approaches to Philadelphia, [[Pennsylvania]].<ref name="theberge3"/> | ||
Amid renewed calls for the Survey again to be transferred to the Department of the Navy, Congress enacted legislation on March 3, 1843, providing for President [[John Tyler]] to establish a board to study the Survey and recommend a permanent organization for it. Its report recommended an organization which Tyler approved on April 29, 1843, and still was in place when the Survey left the Department of the Treasury in 1903.<ref name=orglawp97/> | Amid renewed calls for the Survey again to be transferred to the Department of the Navy, Congress enacted legislation on March 3, 1843, providing for President [[John Tyler]] to establish a board to study the Survey and recommend a permanent organization for it. Its report recommended an organization which Tyler approved on April 29, 1843, and still was in place when the Survey left the Department of the Treasury in 1903.<ref name=orglawp97/> | ||