CargoAdmin, Bureaucrats, Moderators (CommentStreams), fileuploaders, Interface administrators, newuser, Push subscription managers, Suppressors, Administrators
5,230
edits
National Education Association: Difference between revisions
m
Text replacement - "Philadelphia" to "Philadelphia"
m (Text replacement - "{{Education in the U.S.}}" to "") |
m (Text replacement - "Philadelphia" to "Philadelphia") |
||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
===Founding=== | ===Founding=== | ||
The NEA was founded in | The NEA was founded in Philadelphia in 1857 as the National Teachers Association (NTA).<ref>{{cite web|last1=Cardinal|first1=Denise|title=National Education Association|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/National_Education_Association.aspx|publisher=Encyclopedia.com|access-date=September 23, 2015}}</ref> [[Zalmon Richards]] was elected the NTA's first president and presided over the organization's first annual meeting in 1858.<ref name=provenzo>{{cite book|last1=Provenzo|first1=Eugene Jr.|title=Encyclopedia of the Social and Cultural Foundations of Education|date=2008|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=9781452265971|pages=534}}</ref> At the beginning and for its first century of history, it had the character of a [[professional association]] rather than a labor union.<ref name="Murphy" /> The NTA became the National Education Association (NEA) in 1870 when it merged with the American Normal School Association, the National Association of School Superintendents, and the Central College Association.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Levinson|first1=David|last2=Cookson|first2=Peter|last3=Sadovnik|first3=Alan|title=Education and Sociology: An Encyclopedia|date=2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135570859|page=665}}</ref> The union was [[Congressional charter|chartered]] by [[United States Congress|Congress]] in 1906.<ref name=provenzo /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://legisworks.org/congress/59/session-1/publaw-398.pdf |title=National Education Association Act of 1906 ~ P.L. 59-398 |date=June 30, 1906 |series=34 Stat. 804 ~ House Bill 10501 |publisher=Legis★Works |access-date=November 5, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220094634/http://legisworks.org/congress/59/session-1/publaw-398.pdf |archive-date=December 20, 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
The NEA was never on good terms with the [[New Deal]]. Its main goal was for Congress to pass a multipurpose public finance bill that would supplement local property taxes in funding public schools. Some relief money was used to build schools, but the New Deal avoided channeling any of it through the Office of Education. Legislation never succeeded, because it would condone segregated schools in the South and because President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] rejected any across-the-board program. He believed that federal money should only go to the poorest schools, and none to rich states.<ref name="Murphy" /> The New Deal set up its own separate educational program through the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] and other relief agencies.<ref name="Harvard University Press" /> | The NEA was never on good terms with the [[New Deal]]. Its main goal was for Congress to pass a multipurpose public finance bill that would supplement local property taxes in funding public schools. Some relief money was used to build schools, but the New Deal avoided channeling any of it through the Office of Education. Legislation never succeeded, because it would condone segregated schools in the South and because President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] rejected any across-the-board program. He believed that federal money should only go to the poorest schools, and none to rich states.<ref name="Murphy" /> The New Deal set up its own separate educational program through the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] and other relief agencies.<ref name="Harvard University Press" /> | ||