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National Eye Institute: Difference between revisions
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=== National Institute of Neurological Disease and Blindness, 1950 to 1968 === | === National Institute of Neurological Disease and Blindness, 1950 to 1968 === | ||
Before 1968, vision research at NIH was funded and overseen by the National Institute of Neurological Disease and Blindness<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Publications - Office of NIH History and Stetten Museum |url=https://history.nih.gov/display/history/Publications?preview=/1016824/8883696/History+of+the+National+Eye+Institute.pdf |access-date=2023-03-21 |website=history.nih.gov}}</ref> (now known as the [[National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke]]), which was established in 1950, after President | Before 1968, vision research at NIH was funded and overseen by the National Institute of Neurological Disease and Blindness<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Publications - Office of NIH History and Stetten Museum |url=https://history.nih.gov/display/history/Publications?preview=/1016824/8883696/History+of+the+National+Eye+Institute.pdf |access-date=2023-03-21 |website=history.nih.gov}}</ref> (now known as the [[National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke]]), which was established in 1950, after President Harry S. Truman signed the Omnibus Medical Research Act.<ref name=":1" /> This bill marked the beginning of vision research at the federal level. | ||
Organizing, structuring, and separating [[Visual system|vision]] and [[neurological]] research was a challenge at National Institute of Neurological Disease and Blindness. In its early years, securing funding was difficult.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=A profile of the United States Public Health Service, 1798-1948 - Digital Collections - National Library of Medicine |url=https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-0377140-bk |access-date=2023-03-21 |website=collections.nlm.nih.gov}}</ref> The institute established an Ophthalmology Branch, which served primarily as an ophthalmic consultation service for NIH.<ref name=":1" /> Ophthalmic research grew slowly throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, producing results despite small budgets.<ref name=":1" /> One notable example was the study that identified the cause of retrolental fibroplasia (now known as [[retinopathy of prematurity]], the leading cause of [[Visual impairment|blindness]] among children at the time.<ref name=":1" /> | Organizing, structuring, and separating [[Visual system|vision]] and [[neurological]] research was a challenge at National Institute of Neurological Disease and Blindness. In its early years, securing funding was difficult.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=A profile of the United States Public Health Service, 1798-1948 - Digital Collections - National Library of Medicine |url=https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-0377140-bk |access-date=2023-03-21 |website=collections.nlm.nih.gov}}</ref> The institute established an Ophthalmology Branch, which served primarily as an ophthalmic consultation service for NIH.<ref name=":1" /> Ophthalmic research grew slowly throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, producing results despite small budgets.<ref name=":1" /> One notable example was the study that identified the cause of retrolental fibroplasia (now known as [[retinopathy of prematurity]], the leading cause of [[Visual impairment|blindness]] among children at the time.<ref name=":1" /> | ||