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|OrganizationType=Independent Agencies (Sub-organization)
|OrganizationType=Independent Agencies (Sub-organization)
|Mission=To lead, conduct, and support cancer research across the nation to advance scientific knowledge and help all people live longer, healthier lives. NCI aims to reduce the burden of cancer through research in prevention, detection, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship.
|Mission=To lead, conduct, and support cancer research across the nation to advance scientific knowledge and help all people live longer, healthier lives. NCI aims to reduce the burden of cancer through research in prevention, detection, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship.
|ParentOrganization=National Institutes of Health (NIH)
|ParentOrganization=National Institutes of Health
|TopOrganization=Department of Health and Human Services
|CreationLegislation=National Cancer Institute Act of 1937
|CreationLegislation=National Cancer Institute Act of 1937
|Budget=$6.9 billion (FY 2023)
|Budget=$6.9 billion (FY 2023)
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===Anti-cancer drug investigations===
===Anti-cancer drug investigations===
<div style="float:left; width:49%;">{{smalldiv|1=
[[Alkylating antineoplastic agent|Alkylating agent]]s  
[[Alkylating antineoplastic agent|Alkylating agent]]s [[Image:Cyclophosphamide structure.svg|right|thumb|96px|[[Cyclophosphamide]]]]
* [[Chlorambucil]] ([[Leukeran]]) (1957)
* [[Chlorambucil]] ([[Leukeran]]) (1957)
* [[Cyclophosphamide]] ([[Cytoxan]]) (1959)
* [[Cyclophosphamide]] ([[Cytoxan]]) (1959)
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* [[Cladribine|Chlorodeoxyadenosine]] (1992)
* [[Cladribine|Chlorodeoxyadenosine]] (1992)


Plant [[alkaloid]]s and [[antibiotic]]s [[Image:Vincristine.svg|right|thumb|114px|[[Vincristine]]]]
Plant [[alkaloid]]s and [[antibiotic]]s
* [[Vincristine]] ([[Oncovin]]) (1963)
* [[Vincristine]] ([[Oncovin]]) (1963)
* [[Actinomycin D]] ([[Cosmegen]]) (1964)
* [[Actinomycin D]] ([[Cosmegen]]) (1964)
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Plant [[flavonoid]]s
Plant [[flavonoid]]s
* [[chrysin]] [[quercetin]] [[galangin]] [[naringenin]] (1994)}}
* [[chrysin]] [[quercetin]] [[galangin]] [[naringenin]] (1994)}}
</div><div style="float:right; width:49%;">{{smalldiv|1=
 
[[Chemical synthesis|Synthetic]] drugs [[File:Carboplatin-2D-skeletal.png|thumb|107px|[[Carboplatin]]]]
[[Chemical synthesis|Synthetic]] drugs  
* [[Hydroxyurea]] ([[Hydroxycarbamide|Hydrea]]) (1967)
* [[Hydroxyurea]] ([[Hydroxycarbamide|Hydrea]]) (1967)
* [[Procarbazine]] ([[Matulane]]) (1969)
* [[Procarbazine]] ([[Matulane]]) (1969)
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* [[GM-CSF]] (1991)
* [[GM-CSF]] (1991)
* [[Interleukin 2]] ([[Proleukin]]) (1992)}}
* [[Interleukin 2]] ([[Proleukin]]) (1992)}}
</div>{{Clear}}


== Organization ==
== Organization ==
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=== Intramural ===
=== Intramural ===
* [https://ccr.cancer.gov Center for Cancer Research]
* [[Center for Cancer Research]]
:: The CCR includes approximately 250 internal NCI research groups in Frederick and Bethesda.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ccr.cancer.gov/about|title=About CCR|date=21 July 2014}}</ref>
** https://ccr.cancer.gov/
* [https://dceg.cancer.gov/ Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics]
** The CCR includes approximately 250 internal NCI research groups in Frederick and Bethesda.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ccr.cancer.gov/about|title=About CCR|date=21 July 2014}}</ref>
:: DCEG is made up of eight branches within the Trans-divisional Research Program.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dceg.cancer.gov|title=DCEG Home|website=Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics – National Cancer Institute|date=1980-01-01}}</ref>


* [[Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics]]
** https://dceg.cancer.gov/
** DCEG is made up of eight branches within the Trans-divisional Research Program.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dceg.cancer.gov|title=DCEG Home|website=Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics – National Cancer Institute|date=1980-01-01}}</ref>
=== Extramural ===
=== Extramural ===
* Division of Cancer Biology
* [[Division of Cancer Biology]]
:: DCB oversees approximately 2000 grants per year in the areas of cancer cell biology; cancer immunology, hematology, and etiology; DNA and chromosome aberrations; structural biology and molecular applications; tumor biology and microenvironment; and tumor metastasis.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/dcb/research-portfolio|title=DCB Research Portfolio|website=National Cancer Institute|date=2016-08-08}}</ref> "Special Research Programs" falling under the aegis of the DCB include: [[Physical Sciences-Oncology Centers|Physical Sciences-Oncology Network]], Cancer Systems Biology Consortium, Oncology Models Forum, Barrett's Esophagus Translational Research Network, New Approaches to Synthetic Lethality for Mutant KRAS-Dependent Cancers, Molecular and Cellular Characterization of Screen-Detected Lesions, Fusion Oncoproteins in Childhood Cancers, and Cancer Tissue Engineering Collaborative.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/dcb|title=Division of Cancer Biology|website=National Cancer Institute|date=2016-08-08}}</ref>
** DCB oversees approximately 2000 grants per year in the areas of cancer cell biology; cancer immunology, hematology, and etiology; DNA and chromosome aberrations; structural biology and molecular applications; tumor biology and microenvironment; and tumor metastasis.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/dcb/research-portfolio|title=DCB Research Portfolio|website=National Cancer Institute|date=2016-08-08}}</ref>  
* Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences
** Special Research Programs falling under the aegis of the DCB include:  
* Division of Cancer Prevention
*** [[Physical Sciences-Oncology Centers|Physical Sciences-Oncology Network]]
* Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis
*** [[Cancer Systems Biology Consortium]]
:: DCTD supports eight research programs: The Biometric Research Program, The Cancer Diagnosis Program, The Cancer Imaging Program, The Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, The Developmental Therapeutics Program, The Radiation Research Program, The Translational Research Program, and The [[Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dctd.cancer.gov/About/default.htm|title=About DCTD – DCTD|website=dctd.cancer.gov}}</ref>
*** [[Oncology Models Forum]]
* Division of Extramural Activities
*** [[Barrett's Esophagus Translational Research Network]]
:: DEA processes and supports the thousands of grant applications NCI receives each year and compiles reports on the progress of research funded by the NCI's programs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deainfo.nci.nih.gov/aboutDEA.htm|title=About NCI Division of Extramural Activities|website=deainfo.nci.nih.gov}}</ref>
*** [[New Approaches to Synthetic Lethality for Mutant KRAS-Dependent Cancers]]
*** [[Molecular and Cellular Characterization of Screen-Detected Lesions]]
*** [[Fusion Oncoproteins in Childhood Cancers]]
*** [[Cancer Tissue Engineering Collaborative]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/dcb|title=Division of Cancer Biology|website=National Cancer Institute|date=2016-08-08}}</ref>
* [[Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences]]
* [[Division of Cancer Prevention]]
* [[Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis]]
** DCTD supports eight research programs:  
*** [[Biometric Research Program]]
*** [[Cancer Diagnosis Program]]
*** [[Cancer Imaging Program]]
*** [[Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program]]
*** [[Developmental Therapeutics Program]]
*** [[Radiation Research Program]]
*** [[Translational Research Program]]
*** [[Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dctd.cancer.gov/About/default.htm|title=About DCTD – DCTD|website=dctd.cancer.gov}}</ref>
* [[Division of Extramural Activities]]
** DEA processes and supports the thousands of grant applications NCI receives each year and compiles reports on the progress of research funded by the NCI's programs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deainfo.nci.nih.gov/aboutDEA.htm|title=About NCI Division of Extramural Activities|website=deainfo.nci.nih.gov}}</ref>


=== Office of the director ===
=== Office of the director ===
* Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology
* [[Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology]]
* Center for Cancer Genomics
* [[Center for Cancer Genomics]]
:: CCG was created in 2011 and is responsible for management of [[The Cancer Genome Atlas]] and cancer genomics initiatives.
** CCG was created in 2011 and is responsible for management of the [[Cancer Genome Atlas]] and cancer genomics initiatives.
* Center for Cancer Training
* [[Center for Cancer Training]]
* Center for Global Health
* [[Center for Global Health]]
* Center for Strategic Scientific Initiatives
* [[Center for Strategic Scientific Initiatives]]
:: In the 1990s, the Unconventional Innovation Program was created to integrate interdisciplinary technology research with biological applications. It was reorganized in 2004 as the CSSI.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cssi.cancer.gov/about/history|title=History – Center for Strategic Scientific Initiatives (CSSI)|website=cssi.cancer.gov|access-date=2017-09-28|archive-date=2017-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929001136/https://cssi.cancer.gov/about/history|url-status=dead}}</ref>
** In the 1990s, the Unconventional Innovation Program was created to integrate interdisciplinary technology research with biological applications. It was reorganized in 2004 as the CSSI.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cssi.cancer.gov/about/history|title=History – Center for Strategic Scientific Initiatives (CSSI)|website=cssi.cancer.gov|access-date=2017-09-28|archive-date=2017-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929001136/https://cssi.cancer.gov/about/history|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities
* [[Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities]]
* Center for Research Strategy
* [[Center for Research Strategy]]
* Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials
* [[Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials]]
* Technology Transfer Center
* [[Technology Transfer Center]]


== Programs ==
== Programs ==
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| [[File:AVonEchenbach2.jpg|100px]] || [[Andrew C. von Eschenbach]] || January 22, 2002 – June 10, 2006 || 12th Director, served from 2001 to 2006 before transitioning to a role as [[Commissioner of Food and Drugs]].<ref name="congressional_record_confirmation">{{cite journal | author = U.S. Congress |date=7 December 2006 | title = Executive Session | journal = Congressional Record | volume = 152 | issue = 134 | pages = S11404–29, S11447–51 | url = http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getpage.cgi?dbname=2006_record&page=S11404&position=all | access-date = 2006-12-12}}</ref><ref name="confirmation_vote">{{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=109&session=2&vote=00274|title=U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 109th Congress – 2nd Session|website=www.senate.gov}}</ref>
| [[File:AVonEchenbach2.jpg|100px]] || [[Andrew C. von Eschenbach]] || January 22, 2002 – June 10, 2006 || 12th Director, served from 2001 to 2006 before transitioning to a role as [[Commissioner of Food and Drugs]].<ref name="congressional_record_confirmation">{{cite journal | author = U.S. Congress |date=7 December 2006 | title = Executive Session | journal = Congressional Record | volume = 152 | issue = 134 | pages = S11404–29, S11447–51 | url = http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getpage.cgi?dbname=2006_record&page=S11404&position=all | access-date = 2006-12-12}}</ref><ref name="confirmation_vote">{{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=109&session=2&vote=00274|title=U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 109th Congress – 2nd Session|website=www.senate.gov}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[File:Jniederhuber-photo.jpg|100px]] || [[John E. Niederhuber]] || September 15, 2006 – July 12, 2010 || 13th Director of the NCI, was nominated by President [[George W. Bush]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://investors.emergentbiosolutions.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=202582&p=irol-govBio&ID=203684 |title=Emergent Biosolutions – Board of Directors bio |access-date=2013-12-06}}</ref>
| [[File:Jniederhuber-photo.jpg|100px]] || [[John E. Niederhuber]] || September 15, 2006 – July 12, 2010 || 13th Director of the NCI, was nominated by President George W. Bush.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://investors.emergentbiosolutions.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=202582&p=irol-govBio&ID=203684 |title=Emergent Biosolutions – Board of Directors bio |access-date=2013-12-06}}</ref>
|-
|-
| [[File:National Cancer Institute director Harold E. Varmus (3) (cropped).jpg|100px]] || [[Harold Varmus]] || July 12, 2010 – March 31, 2015 || Co-winner of the [[Nobel Prize]] for studies of the genetic basis of cancer.<ref name="Varmus">{{cite web |url=http://www.cancer.gov/aboutnci/director/messages/harold-varmus-resignation |title=Director's Page – National Cancer Institute (Archive) |publisher=Cancer.gov |access-date=2015-04-02 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/5574/20150331220844/http://www.cancer.gov/aboutnci/director/messages/harold-varmus-resignation |archive-date=2015-03-31 }}</ref> He was director of the [[National Institutes of Health]] from 1993 to 1999.
| [[File:National Cancer Institute director Harold E. Varmus (3) (cropped).jpg|100px]] || [[Harold Varmus]] || July 12, 2010 – March 31, 2015 || Co-winner of the [[Nobel Prize]] for studies of the genetic basis of cancer.<ref name="Varmus">{{cite web |url=http://www.cancer.gov/aboutnci/director/messages/harold-varmus-resignation |title=Director's Page – National Cancer Institute (Archive) |publisher=Cancer.gov |access-date=2015-04-02 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/5574/20150331220844/http://www.cancer.gov/aboutnci/director/messages/harold-varmus-resignation |archive-date=2015-03-31 }}</ref> He was director of the [[National Institutes of Health]] from 1993 to 1999.
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