Geological Survey: Difference between revisions

The [[Earthquake Hazards Program]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.earthquake.usgs.gov|title=USGS Earthquake Hazards Program|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=April 30, 2017}}</ref> monitors [[earthquake]] activity worldwide. The [[National Earthquake Information Center]] (NEIC) in [[Golden, Colorado]], on the campus of the [[Colorado School of Mines]] detects the location and magnitude of global earthquakes. The USGS also runs or supports several regional monitoring networks in the United States under the umbrella of the [[Advanced National Seismic System]] (ANSS).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/monitoring/anss/|title=ANSS – Advanced National Seismic System|publisher=United States Geological Survey}}</ref> The USGS informs authorities, emergency responders, the media, and the public, both domestic and worldwide, about significant earthquakes. It maintains long-term archives of earthquake data for scientific and engineering research. It also conducts and supports research on long-term [[seismic hazard]]s. USGS has released the [[California earthquake forecast|UCERF California earthquake forecast.]]<ref name="Field 2015">{{cite journal |last1=Field |first1=Edward H. |last2=Biasi |first2=Glenn P. |last3=Bird |first3=Peter |last4=Dawson |first4=Timothy E. |last5=Felzer |first5=Karen R. |last6=Jackson |first6=David D. |last7=Johnson |first7=Kaj M. |last8=Jordan |first8=Thomas H. |last9=Madden |first9=Christopher |last10=Michael |first10=Andrew J. |last11=Milner |first11=Kevin R. |last12=Page |first12=Morgan T. |last13=Parsons |first13=Tom |last14=Powers |first14=Peter M. |last15=Shaw |first15=Bruce E. |last16=Thatcher |first16=Wayne R. |last17=Weldon |first17=Ray J. |last18=Zeng |first18=Yuehua |title=Long-Term Time-Dependent Probabilities for the Third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast (UCERF3) |journal=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America |date=April 2015 |volume=105 |issue=2A |pages=511–543 |doi=10.1785/0120140093|bibcode=2015BuSSA.105..511F }}</ref>

The USGS Coastal and Marine Science Center (formerly the USGS Center for Coastal Geology) has three sites, one for the [[Atlantic Ocean]] (located in [[Woods Hole, Massachusetts]]), one for the [[Pacific Ocean]] (located in [[Santa Cruz, California]]) and one for the [[Gulf of Mexico]] (located on the [[University of South Florida St. Petersburg|University of South Florida's St. Petersburg]] campus). The goal of this department is to conduct research in geology, mapping, hydrology, biology, and related sciences; evaluate hazards associated with floods, droughts, hurricanes, subsidence, human activity, and climate change; map the onshore and offshore geologic framework; assess mineral resources and develop techniques for their discovery; assess water resources and develop an understanding of the impact of human activities and natural phenomena on hydrologic systems; assess links between biodiversity, habitat condition, ecosystem processes and health; and develop new technologies for collection and interpretation of earth science data.<ref>{{Cite web|title=What We Do|url=https://www.usgs.gov/centers/spcmsc/about/what-we-do-5|access-date=2020-11-28|publisher=United States Geological Survey|archive-date=April 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414221904/https://www.usgs.gov/centers/spcmsc/about/what-we-do-5|url-status=dead}}</ref>

As part of the Water Resources Research Act of 1984, the State Water Resources Research Act Program created a Water Resources Research Institute (WRRI) in each state, along with Washington DC, Puerto Rico, the US Virgin Islands, and Guam.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://water.usgs.gov/wrri/index.php|title=The United States Geological Survey Water Resources Research Act Program|publisher=United States Geological Survey|access-date=2019-10-18}}</ref> Together, these institutes make up the National Institutes for Water Resources (NIWR). The institutes focus on water-related issues through research, training and collaboration.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://water.usgs.gov/wrri/2014-NIWR-USGS-Fact-Sheet.pdf|title=NIWR & USGS: A Model Partnership|access-date=2019-10-18}}</ref>

The National and regional Climate Adaptation Science Centers (CASCs)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usgs.gov/ecosystems/climate-adaptation-science-centers|title=Climate Adaptation Science Centers|website=usgs.gov/ecosystems/climate-adaptation-science-centers|access-date=February 4, 2020}}</ref> is a partnership-driven program that teams scientific researchers with natural and cultural resource managers to help fish, wildlife, waters, and lands across the country [[Climate change adaptation|adapt to climate change]]. The National CASC (NCASC), based at USGS headquarters in Reston, Virginia, serves as the national office for the CASC network, while [https://www.usgs.gov/ecosystems/climate-adaptation-science-centers/learn-about-regional-cascs?qt-science_support_page_related_con=0#qt-science_support_page_related_con eight regional CASCs] made up of federal-university consortiums located across the U.S., U.S. Pacific Islands, and U.S. Caribbean deliver science that addresses resource management priorities of the states within their footprints.