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Air Force: Difference between revisions
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* [[Iraq War]] (2003–2011)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2017/09/21/the_us_air_forces_vital_role_in_iraq_and_afghanistan_112341.html|title=The U.S. Air Force's Vital Role in Iraq and Afghanistan|last=Muralidharan|first=Rathna|date=September 21, 2017|website=realcleardefense.com|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.cfr.org/timeline/iraq-war|title=Timeline: The Iraq War|website=cfr.org|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref> | * [[Iraq War]] (2003–2011)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2017/09/21/the_us_air_forces_vital_role_in_iraq_and_afghanistan_112341.html|title=The U.S. Air Force's Vital Role in Iraq and Afghanistan|last=Muralidharan|first=Rathna|date=September 21, 2017|website=realcleardefense.com|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.cfr.org/timeline/iraq-war|title=Timeline: The Iraq War|website=cfr.org|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref> | ||
[[Iraq War#2003: Invasion|Operation Iraqi Freedom]] (2003–2010)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.airandspaceforces.com/article/0313iraqi/|title=Iraqi Freedom and the Air Force|last=Grant|first=Rebecca|date=March 1, 2013|website=Air & Space Forces Magazine|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref> | [[Iraq War#2003: Invasion|Operation Iraqi Freedom]] (2003–2010)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.airandspaceforces.com/article/0313iraqi/|title=Iraqi Freedom and the Air Force|last=Grant|first=Rebecca|date=March 1, 2013|website=Air & Space Forces Magazine|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref> | ||
[[Iraq War#2010: US drawdown and Operation New Dawn|Operation New Dawn]] (2010–2011)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.afcent.af.mil/News/Article/220080/us-air-force-role-transitions-to-operation-new-dawn/|title=U.S. Air Force role transitions to Operation New Dawn|date=September 1, 2010|website=afcent.af.mil|publisher=Air Force Central|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.cnn.com/2013/10/30/world/meast/operation-iraqi-freedom-and-operation-new-dawn-fast-facts/index.html|title=Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation New Dawn Fast Facts|date=April 1, 2022|website= | [[Iraq War#2010: US drawdown and Operation New Dawn|Operation New Dawn]] (2010–2011)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.afcent.af.mil/News/Article/220080/us-air-force-role-transitions-to-operation-new-dawn/|title=U.S. Air Force role transitions to Operation New Dawn|date=September 1, 2010|website=afcent.af.mil|publisher=Air Force Central|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.cnn.com/2013/10/30/world/meast/operation-iraqi-freedom-and-operation-new-dawn-fast-facts/index.html|title=Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation New Dawn Fast Facts|date=April 1, 2022|website=CNN|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref> | ||
* [[Operation Odyssey Dawn]] (2011 Libyan no-fly zone)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.airandspaceforces.com/article/1211libya/|title=Lessons from Libya|date=December 1, 2011|last=Tirpak|first=John|website=Air & Space Forces Magazine|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/us-forces-lead-attack-against-libya-in-operation-audacity-dawn|title=U.S. Forces lead Attack Against Libya in Operation New Dawn|date=March 19, 2011|website=PBS |access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/19/operation-odyssey-dawn-tomahawks-libya|title=Operation Odyssey Dawn commences to end Gaddafi onslaught on Benghazi|last=Townsend|first=Mark|date=March 19, 2011|website=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref> | * [[Operation Odyssey Dawn]] (2011 Libyan no-fly zone)<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.airandspaceforces.com/article/1211libya/|title=Lessons from Libya|date=December 1, 2011|last=Tirpak|first=John|website=Air & Space Forces Magazine|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/us-forces-lead-attack-against-libya-in-operation-audacity-dawn|title=U.S. Forces lead Attack Against Libya in Operation New Dawn|date=March 19, 2011|website=PBS |access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/19/operation-odyssey-dawn-tomahawks-libya|title=Operation Odyssey Dawn commences to end Gaddafi onslaught on Benghazi|last=Townsend|first=Mark|date=March 19, 2011|website=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=July 29, 2023}}</ref> | ||
* [[Operation Inherent Resolve]] (2014–present: intervention against the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://warontherocks.com/2021/08/from-forever-wars-to-great-power-wars-lessons-learned-from-operation-inherent-resolve/|title=From Forever Wars to Great Power Wars: Lessons Learned From Operation Inherent Resolve|last=Pettyjohn|first=Stacie|date=August 20, 2021|website=War on the Rocks|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref> | * [[Operation Inherent Resolve]] (2014–present: intervention against the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://warontherocks.com/2021/08/from-forever-wars-to-great-power-wars-lessons-learned-from-operation-inherent-resolve/|title=From Forever Wars to Great Power Wars: Lessons Learned From Operation Inherent Resolve|last=Pettyjohn|first=Stacie|date=August 20, 2021|website=War on the Rocks|access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref> | ||
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In response to a [[2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident]], Secretary of Defense [[Robert Gates]] accepted in June 2009 the resignations of [[United States Secretary of the Air Force|Secretary of the Air Force]] [[Michael Wynne]] and the [[Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force|Chief of Staff of the Air Force]] [[General (United States)|General]] [[T. Michael Moseley]]. Moseley's successor, General [[Norton A. Schwartz]], a former airlift and special operations pilot, was the first officer appointed to that position who did not have a background as a fighter or bomber pilot.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Barnes |first1=Julian E. |last2=Spiegel |first2=Peter |date=10 June 2008 |title=A different type of Air Force leader |work=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jun-10-na-schwartz10-story.html |url-status=live |access-date=30 August 2010 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525180517/http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jun/10/nation/na-schwartz10 |archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref> The Washington Post reported in 2010 that General Schwartz began to dismantle the rigid class system of the USAF, particularly in the officer corps.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jaffe |first=Greg |date=27 February 2010 |title=Combat Generation: Drone operators climb on winds of change in the Air Force |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/27/AR2010022703754_2.html |url-status=live |access-date=30 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616001620/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/27/AR2010022703754_2.html |archive-date=16 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.airforcetimes.com/news/your-air-force/2019/06/25/you-can-call-2007-nuke-mishandling-an-embarrassment-but-dont-call-it-the-minot-incident/|title=You can call 2007 nuke mishandling an embarrassment, but don't call it the Minot incident|last=Losey|first=Stephen|date=2019-06-25|website=[[Air Force Times]]|access-date=2023-11-27}}</ref> | In response to a [[2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident]], Secretary of Defense [[Robert Gates]] accepted in June 2009 the resignations of [[United States Secretary of the Air Force|Secretary of the Air Force]] [[Michael Wynne]] and the [[Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force|Chief of Staff of the Air Force]] [[General (United States)|General]] [[T. Michael Moseley]]. Moseley's successor, General [[Norton A. Schwartz]], a former airlift and special operations pilot, was the first officer appointed to that position who did not have a background as a fighter or bomber pilot.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Barnes |first1=Julian E. |last2=Spiegel |first2=Peter |date=10 June 2008 |title=A different type of Air Force leader |work=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jun-10-na-schwartz10-story.html |url-status=live |access-date=30 August 2010 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525180517/http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jun/10/nation/na-schwartz10 |archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref> The Washington Post reported in 2010 that General Schwartz began to dismantle the rigid class system of the USAF, particularly in the officer corps.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jaffe |first=Greg |date=27 February 2010 |title=Combat Generation: Drone operators climb on winds of change in the Air Force |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/27/AR2010022703754_2.html |url-status=live |access-date=30 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616001620/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/27/AR2010022703754_2.html |archive-date=16 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.airforcetimes.com/news/your-air-force/2019/06/25/you-can-call-2007-nuke-mishandling-an-embarrassment-but-dont-call-it-the-minot-incident/|title=You can call 2007 nuke mishandling an embarrassment, but don't call it the Minot incident|last=Losey|first=Stephen|date=2019-06-25|website=[[Air Force Times]]|access-date=2023-11-27}}</ref> | ||
In 2014, following morale and testing/cheating scandals in the Air Force's [[Missile combat crew|missile launch officer]] community, Secretary of the Air Force [[Deborah Lee James]] admitted that there remained a "systemic problem" in the USAF's management of the nuclear mission.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Everstine |first=Brian |date=29 January 2014 |title=James: AF is addressing 'systemic' problem in nuclear force |url=http://www.airforcetimes.com/article/20140129/NEWS/301290017/James-AF-addressing-systemic-problem-nuclear-force |access-date=29 January 2014 |website=airforcetimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2014/03/27/us/air-force-cheating-investigation/index.html|title=9 Air Force commanders fired from jobs over nuclear missile test cheating|last=Botelho|first=Greg|date=March 27, 2014|website= | In 2014, following morale and testing/cheating scandals in the Air Force's [[Missile combat crew|missile launch officer]] community, Secretary of the Air Force [[Deborah Lee James]] admitted that there remained a "systemic problem" in the USAF's management of the nuclear mission.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Everstine |first=Brian |date=29 January 2014 |title=James: AF is addressing 'systemic' problem in nuclear force |url=http://www.airforcetimes.com/article/20140129/NEWS/301290017/James-AF-addressing-systemic-problem-nuclear-force |access-date=29 January 2014 |website=airforcetimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2014/03/27/us/air-force-cheating-investigation/index.html|title=9 Air Force commanders fired from jobs over nuclear missile test cheating|last=Botelho|first=Greg|date=March 27, 2014|website=CNN|access-date=2023-11-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/01/30/268880352/air-force-cheating-scandal-widens-to-92-nuclear-officers|title=Air Force Cheating Scandal Widens; 92 Nuclear Officers Linked|last=Memmott|first=Mark|date=January 30, 2014|website=[[NPR]]|access-date=2023-11-27}}</ref> | ||
Daniel L. Magruder Jr. defines USAF culture as a combination of the rigorous application of advanced technology, individualism and progressive airpower theory.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Magruder |first=Daniel L. Jr. |year=2009 |title=The US Air Force and Irregular Warfare: Success as a Hurdle |url=http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/journal/docs-temp/272-magruder.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055349/http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/journal/docs-temp/272-magruder.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=15 October 2015 |website=Small Wars Journal}}</ref> [[Major General]] [[Charles J. Dunlap Jr.]] adds that the U.S. Air Force's culture also includes an [[egalitarianism]] bred from officers perceiving themselves as their service's principal "warriors" working with small groups of enlisted airmen either as the service crew or the onboard crew of their aircraft. Air Force officers have never felt they needed the formal social "distance" from their enlisted force that is common in the other U.S. armed services. Although the paradigm is changing, for most of its history, the Air Force, completely unlike its sister services, has been an organization in which mostly its officers fought, not its enlisted force, the latter being primarily a rear echelon support force. When the enlisted force did go into harm's way, such as crew members of multi-crewed aircraft, the close comradeship of shared risk in tight quarters created traditions that shaped a somewhat different kind of officer/enlisted relationship than exists elsewhere in the military.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Understanding Airmen: A primer for soldiers |url=http://usacac.army.mil/CAC2/MilitaryReview/Archives/English/MilitaryReview_20071031_art019.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111091555/http://usacac.army.mil/CAC2/MilitaryReview/Archives/English/MilitaryReview_20071031_art019.pdf |archive-date=11 January 2012 |access-date=13 December 2011}}</ref> | Daniel L. Magruder Jr. defines USAF culture as a combination of the rigorous application of advanced technology, individualism and progressive airpower theory.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Magruder |first=Daniel L. Jr. |year=2009 |title=The US Air Force and Irregular Warfare: Success as a Hurdle |url=http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/journal/docs-temp/272-magruder.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055349/http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/journal/docs-temp/272-magruder.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=15 October 2015 |website=Small Wars Journal}}</ref> [[Major General]] [[Charles J. Dunlap Jr.]] adds that the U.S. Air Force's culture also includes an [[egalitarianism]] bred from officers perceiving themselves as their service's principal "warriors" working with small groups of enlisted airmen either as the service crew or the onboard crew of their aircraft. Air Force officers have never felt they needed the formal social "distance" from their enlisted force that is common in the other U.S. armed services. Although the paradigm is changing, for most of its history, the Air Force, completely unlike its sister services, has been an organization in which mostly its officers fought, not its enlisted force, the latter being primarily a rear echelon support force. When the enlisted force did go into harm's way, such as crew members of multi-crewed aircraft, the close comradeship of shared risk in tight quarters created traditions that shaped a somewhat different kind of officer/enlisted relationship than exists elsewhere in the military.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Understanding Airmen: A primer for soldiers |url=http://usacac.army.mil/CAC2/MilitaryReview/Archives/English/MilitaryReview_20071031_art019.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111091555/http://usacac.army.mil/CAC2/MilitaryReview/Archives/English/MilitaryReview_20071031_art019.pdf |archive-date=11 January 2012 |access-date=13 December 2011}}</ref> | ||
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[[File:WC-130J Hercules of the 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron.jpg|thumb|A WC-130J Hercules from the 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron]] | [[File:WC-130J Hercules of the 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron.jpg|thumb|A WC-130J Hercules from the 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron]] | ||
These aircraft are used to study meteorological events such as hurricanes and typhoons. | These aircraft are used to study meteorological events such as hurricanes and typhoons. | ||
* [[Lockheed WC-130|WC-130J Hurricane Hunter]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/30/us/hurricane-hunters-flight-idalia/index.html|title=Inside a Hurricane Hunter flight as Idalia became a category 4 storm|last=Kennedy|first=Victoria|date=August 30, 2023|website= | * [[Lockheed WC-130|WC-130J Hurricane Hunter]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/30/us/hurricane-hunters-flight-idalia/index.html|title=Inside a Hurricane Hunter flight as Idalia became a category 4 storm|last=Kennedy|first=Victoria|date=August 30, 2023|website=CNN|access-date=November 27, 2023}}</ref> | ||
* [[Boeing WC-135 Constant Phoenix|WC-135C and WC-135W Constant Phoenix]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.defensenews.com/smr/nuclear-triad/2018/04/25/air-force-to-start-transforming-tankers-into-wc-135-nuke-sniffers-this-year/|title=Air Force to start transforming tankers into WC-135 'nuke sniffers' in FY19|last=Insinna|first=Valerie|date=April 25, 2018|website=Defense News|access-date=November 27, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/104494/wc-135-constant-phoenix/|title=WC-135 Constant Phoenix > Air Force > Fact Sheet Display|website=United States Air Force|access-date=November 27, 2023}}</ref> | * [[Boeing WC-135 Constant Phoenix|WC-135C and WC-135W Constant Phoenix]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.defensenews.com/smr/nuclear-triad/2018/04/25/air-force-to-start-transforming-tankers-into-wc-135-nuke-sniffers-this-year/|title=Air Force to start transforming tankers into WC-135 'nuke sniffers' in FY19|last=Insinna|first=Valerie|date=April 25, 2018|website=Defense News|access-date=November 27, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/104494/wc-135-constant-phoenix/|title=WC-135 Constant Phoenix > Air Force > Fact Sheet Display|website=United States Air Force|access-date=November 27, 2023}}</ref> | ||
<!-- These lists are only for aircraft currently in USAF service. --> | <!-- These lists are only for aircraft currently in USAF service. --> | ||