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 In February 2012 BP North America launched a $500 million branding campaign to rebuild its brand.<ref>Jonathan Morris for Wall St. Cheat Sheet. 3 February 2012 [https://finance.yahoo.com/news/BP-To-Spend-500M-Restore-Its-wscheats-4005309358.html BP To Spend $500M to Restore Its Brand]</ref>
-The company's advertising budget was about $5 million per week during the four-month spill in the Gulf of Mexico, totalling nearly $100 million.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/16/bp-oil-spill-ads-since-deepwater-horizon_n_3093185.html | work=[[HuffPost]] | first=Nick | last=Visser | title=WATCH: A History of BP's Ads Since The Gulf Spill | date=16 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Shelley DuBois |url=https://money.cnn.com/2010/09/01/news/companies/BP_spill_advertising_costs.fortune/index.htm |title=BP's advertising budget during the spill neared $100 million – Sep. 1, 2010 |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=1 September 2010 |access-date=26 April 2013}}</ref>
+The company's advertising budget was about $5 million per week during the four-month spill in the Gulf of Mexico, totalling nearly $100 million.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/16/bp-oil-spill-ads-since-deepwater-horizon_n_3093185.html | work=[[HuffPost]] | first=Nick | last=Visser | title=WATCH: A History of BP's Ads Since The Gulf Spill | date=16 April 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Shelley DuBois |url=https://money.cnn.com/2010/09/01/news/companies/BP_spill_advertising_costs.fortune/index.htm |title=BP's advertising budget during the spill neared $100 million – Sep. 1, 2010 |publisher=CNN|date=1 September 2010 |access-date=26 April 2013}}</ref>
 In May 2012, BP tasked a press office staff member to openly join discussions on the Wikipedia article's talk page and suggest content to be posted by other editors.<ref>[[Brian Merchant]] for Motherboard. 2 April 2013. [http://motherboard.vice.com/blog/meet-the-pr-guru-who-wants-to-help-corporations-get-heard-on-wikipedia Meet the PR Guru Who Wants to Help Corporations Write Wikipedia]  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403142317/http://motherboard.vice.com/blog/meet-the-pr-guru-who-wants-to-help-corporations-get-heard-on-wikipedia |date=3 April 2013 }}</ref> Controversy emerged in 2013 over the amount of content from BP that had entered this article.<ref name="zdnet2013">Violet Blue, [https://www.zdnet.com/article/big-oils-wikipedia-cleanup-a-brand-management-experiment-out-of-control/ "Big Oil's Wikipedia cleanup: A brand management experiment out of control"], ZDNet, 27 March 2013. Retrieved 28 March 2013</ref><ref>Natasha Lennard [http://www.salon.com/2013/03/21/bp_edited_its_own_environmental_record_on_wikipedia/ Salon, 21 March 2013]. Retrieved 28 March 2013</ref> Wikipedia co-founder [[Jimmy Wales]] stated that, by identifying himself as a BP staff member, the contributor in question had complied with site policy regarding conflicts of interest.<ref name="zdnet2013" />
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 ==Violations and accidents==
-Citing conditions similar to those that resulted in the 2005 [[Texas City refinery explosion]], on 25 April 2006, the U.S. Department of Labor's [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration]] (OSHA) fined BP more than $2.4 million for unsafe operations at the company's [[Oregon, Ohio]] refinery. An OSHA inspection resulted in 32 per-instance wilful citations including locating people in vulnerable buildings among the processing units, failing to correct depressurisation deficiencies and deficiencies with gas monitors, and failing to prevent the use of non-approved electrical equipment in locations in which hazardous concentrations of flammable gases or vapours may exist. BP was further fined for neglecting to develop shutdown procedures and designate responsibilities and to establish a system to promptly address and resolve recommendations made after an incident when a large feed pump failed three years prior to 2006. Penalties were also issued for five serious violations, including failure to develop operating procedures for a unit that removes sulphur compound; failure to ensure that operating procedures reflect current operating practice in the Isocracker Unit; failure to resolve process hazard analysis recommendations; failure to resolve process safety management compliance audit items in a timely manner; and failure to periodically inspect pressure piping systems.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=NEWS_RELEASES&p_id=12170|title=2006 – 04/25/2006 – OSHA Fines BP $2.4 Million for Safety and Health Violations|work=osha.gov|access-date=15 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317051556/https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=NEWS_RELEASES&p_id=12170|archive-date=17 March 2015|url-status = dead}}</ref><ref name="CNN-4-25-06">{{cite news|title=BP fined $2.4M for refinery safety problems|url=https://money.cnn.com/2006/04/25/news/companies/bp_fine/|access-date=16 April 2013|publisher=[[CNN]]|date=25 April 2006}}</ref>
+Citing conditions similar to those that resulted in the 2005 [[Texas City refinery explosion]], on 25 April 2006, the U.S. Department of Labor's [[Occupational Safety and Health Administration]] (OSHA) fined BP more than $2.4 million for unsafe operations at the company's [[Oregon, Ohio]] refinery. An OSHA inspection resulted in 32 per-instance wilful citations including locating people in vulnerable buildings among the processing units, failing to correct depressurisation deficiencies and deficiencies with gas monitors, and failing to prevent the use of non-approved electrical equipment in locations in which hazardous concentrations of flammable gases or vapours may exist. BP was further fined for neglecting to develop shutdown procedures and designate responsibilities and to establish a system to promptly address and resolve recommendations made after an incident when a large feed pump failed three years prior to 2006. Penalties were also issued for five serious violations, including failure to develop operating procedures for a unit that removes sulphur compound; failure to ensure that operating procedures reflect current operating practice in the Isocracker Unit; failure to resolve process hazard analysis recommendations; failure to resolve process safety management compliance audit items in a timely manner; and failure to periodically inspect pressure piping systems.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=NEWS_RELEASES&p_id=12170|title=2006 – 04/25/2006 – OSHA Fines BP $2.4 Million for Safety and Health Violations|work=osha.gov|access-date=15 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317051556/https://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=NEWS_RELEASES&p_id=12170|archive-date=17 March 2015|url-status = dead}}</ref><ref name="CNN-4-25-06">{{cite news|title=BP fined $2.4M for refinery safety problems|url=https://money.cnn.com/2006/04/25/news/companies/bp_fine/|access-date=16 April 2013|publisher=CNN|date=25 April 2006}}</ref>
 In 2008, BP and several other major oil refiners agreed to pay $422 million to settle a class-action lawsuit stemming from water contamination tied to the gasoline additive [[MTBE]], a chemical that was once a key gasoline ingredient. Leaked from storage tanks, MTBE has been found in several water systems across the United States. The plaintiffs maintain that the industry knew about the environmental dangers but that they used it instead of other possible alternatives because it was less expensive. The companies will also be required to pay 70% of cleanup costs for any wells newly affected at any time over the next 30 years.<ref>{{cite news|first=Steve |last=Gelsi |url=http://articles.marketwatch.com/2008-05-08/news/30709613_1_scott-summy-mtbe-gasoline-additive |title=Refiners to pay $422 million settlement on MTBE | work=[[MarketWatch]] |date=8 May 2008 |access-date=26 April 2013 |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502104957/http://articles.marketwatch.com/2008-05-08/news/30709613_1_scott-summy-mtbe-gasoline-additive |archive-date=2 May 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna24541226 |title=Oil companies settle MTBE lawsuits – US news – Environment |work=[[NBC News]] |access-date=26 April 2013}}</ref>
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 [[File:Aerial view of prudhoe bay.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of Prudhoe Bay]]
-In March 2006, corrosion of a BP Exploration Alaska (BPXA) oil transit pipeline in [[Prudhoe Bay]] transporting oil to the [[Trans-Alaska Pipeline System|Trans-Alaska Pipeline]] led to a five-day leak and the largest oil spill on [[Alaska North Slope|Alaska's North Slope]].<ref name="Roach2006" /> According to the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC), a total of {{convert|212252|USgal|oilbbl m3}} of oil was spilled, covering {{convert|2|acre}} of the North Slope.<ref name="ADECMar2008">{{cite web |url=http://www.dec.state.ak.us/SPAR/PERP/response/sum_fy06/060302301/sitreps/060302301_sr_23.pdf |title=GC-2 Oil Transit Line Release Situation Report |date=28 March 2008 |work=dec.state.ak.us |publisher=Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation |access-date=21 January 2013}}</ref> BP admitted that cost-cutting measures had resulted in a lapse in monitoring and maintenance of the pipeline and the consequent leak. At the moment of the leak, [[pipeline inspection gauges]] (known as "pigs") had not been run through the pipeline since 1998.<ref name="Rosen2007"/><ref name="Baltimore2007">{{cite news |title=BP admits budget a factor in Alaska spill |first1=Chris |last1=Baltimore |first2=Robert |last2=Campbell |url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-bp-alaska-congress/bp-admits-budget-a-factor-in-alaska-spill-idUKN1619278420070516 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802152233/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-bp-alaska-congress/bp-admits-budget-a-factor-in-alaska-spill-idUKN1619278420070516 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 August 2020 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=16 May 2007 |access-date=21 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Andrew Clark in New York |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2007/may/01/energy.business |title=BP accused of 'draconian' cost cuts prior to Alaskan pipeline spill |work=[[The Guardian]] |date= 1 May 2007|access-date=5 June 2010 | location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2006/10/16/8388595/index.htm |title=Can BP bounce back? A disastrous leak. A deadly explosion. CEO John Browne must turn his troubled oil giant around, but time is running out. |last=Schwartz |first=Nelson D. |date=31 October 2006 |journal=Fortune |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=17 March 2013}}</ref> BP completed the clean-up of the spill by May 2006, including removal of contaminated gravel and vegetation, which was replaced with new material from the Arctic tundra.<ref name="ADECMar2008"/><ref name="Benschoten2006">{{cite news |title=BP Prudhoe Bay Oil Leak Cleanup Completed |author=Andrea Lyn Van Benschoten |url=http://www.manufacturing.net/articles/2006/05/bp-prudhoe-bay-oil-leak-cleanup-completed?menuid=272 |publisher=Manufacturing.net |date=22 May 2006 |access-date=22 January 2013}}</ref>
+In March 2006, corrosion of a BP Exploration Alaska (BPXA) oil transit pipeline in [[Prudhoe Bay]] transporting oil to the [[Trans-Alaska Pipeline System|Trans-Alaska Pipeline]] led to a five-day leak and the largest oil spill on [[Alaska North Slope|Alaska's North Slope]].<ref name="Roach2006" /> According to the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC), a total of {{convert|212252|USgal|oilbbl m3}} of oil was spilled, covering {{convert|2|acre}} of the North Slope.<ref name="ADECMar2008">{{cite web |url=http://www.dec.state.ak.us/SPAR/PERP/response/sum_fy06/060302301/sitreps/060302301_sr_23.pdf |title=GC-2 Oil Transit Line Release Situation Report |date=28 March 2008 |work=dec.state.ak.us |publisher=Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation |access-date=21 January 2013}}</ref> BP admitted that cost-cutting measures had resulted in a lapse in monitoring and maintenance of the pipeline and the consequent leak. At the moment of the leak, [[pipeline inspection gauges]] (known as "pigs") had not been run through the pipeline since 1998.<ref name="Rosen2007"/><ref name="Baltimore2007">{{cite news |title=BP admits budget a factor in Alaska spill |first1=Chris |last1=Baltimore |first2=Robert |last2=Campbell |url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-bp-alaska-congress/bp-admits-budget-a-factor-in-alaska-spill-idUKN1619278420070516 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802152233/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-bp-alaska-congress/bp-admits-budget-a-factor-in-alaska-spill-idUKN1619278420070516 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 August 2020 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=16 May 2007 |access-date=21 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Andrew Clark in New York |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2007/may/01/energy.business |title=BP accused of 'draconian' cost cuts prior to Alaskan pipeline spill |work=[[The Guardian]] |date= 1 May 2007|access-date=5 June 2010 | location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2006/10/16/8388595/index.htm |title=Can BP bounce back? A disastrous leak. A deadly explosion. CEO John Browne must turn his troubled oil giant around, but time is running out. |last=Schwartz |first=Nelson D. |date=31 October 2006 |journal=Fortune |publisher=CNN |access-date=17 March 2013}}</ref> BP completed the clean-up of the spill by May 2006, including removal of contaminated gravel and vegetation, which was replaced with new material from the Arctic tundra.<ref name="ADECMar2008"/><ref name="Benschoten2006">{{cite news |title=BP Prudhoe Bay Oil Leak Cleanup Completed |author=Andrea Lyn Van Benschoten |url=http://www.manufacturing.net/articles/2006/05/bp-prudhoe-bay-oil-leak-cleanup-completed?menuid=272 |publisher=Manufacturing.net |date=22 May 2006 |access-date=22 January 2013}}</ref>
-Following the spill, the company was ordered by regulators to inspect the {{convert|35|km}} of pipelines in Prudhoe Bay using "smart pigs".<ref name="Kleiner2006">{{cite news |title=Bacteria may have eaten through Alaskan oil pipe |author=Kurt Kleiner |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9703-bacteria-may-have-eaten-through-alaskan-oil-pipe.html |work=New Scientist |date=9 August 2006 |access-date=20 January 2013}}</ref> In late July 2006, the "smart pigs" monitoring the pipelines found 16&nbsp;places where corrosion had thinned pipeline walls. A BP crew sent to inspect the pipe in early August discovered a leak and small spill,<ref name="Kleiner2006"/><ref name="Isidore2006">{{cite news |title=New worry for drivers: BP shuts oilfield |author=Chris Isidore |url=https://money.cnn.com/2006/08/07/news/international/oil_alaska/ |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=8 August 2006 |access-date=21 January 2013}}</ref> following which, BP announced that the eastern portion of the Alaskan field would be shut down for repairs on the pipeline,<ref name="Isidore2006"/><ref name="Zibel2007">{{cite news |title=BP shuts 100,000 barrels of Alaska oil |author=Alan Zibel |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/economy/2007-05-22-2959368754_x.htm |work=[[USA Today]] |date=22 May 2007 |access-date=21 January 2013}}</ref> with approval from the [[United States Department of Transportation|Department of Transportation]]. The shutdown resulted in a reduction of {{convert|200000|oilbbl/d|m3/d}} until work began to bring the eastern field to full production on 2 October 2006.<ref name="Alaska Update">{{Cite news|url=http://usresponse.bp.com/go/doc/1249/132386/ |title=Alaska Update |publisher=BP |date=2 October 2006|id={{subscription required}}}}</ref> In total, {{convert|23|oilbbl|m3}} of oil were spilled and {{convert|176|oilbbl|m3}} were "contained and recovered", according to ADEC. The spill was cleaned up and there was no impact upon wildlife.<ref name="ADECAug2006">{{cite web |url=http://dec.alaska.gov/spar/perp/response/sum_fy07/060806301/060806301_sr_05.pdf |title=Flow Station 2 Transit Oil Line Release Situation Report |date=14 August 2006 |work=dec.state.ak.us |publisher=Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation |access-date=21 January 2013 |archive-date=2 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802021119/https://dec.alaska.gov/spar/ppr/response/sum_fy07/060806301/060806301_sr_05.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
+Following the spill, the company was ordered by regulators to inspect the {{convert|35|km}} of pipelines in Prudhoe Bay using "smart pigs".<ref name="Kleiner2006">{{cite news |title=Bacteria may have eaten through Alaskan oil pipe |author=Kurt Kleiner |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9703-bacteria-may-have-eaten-through-alaskan-oil-pipe.html |work=New Scientist |date=9 August 2006 |access-date=20 January 2013}}</ref> In late July 2006, the "smart pigs" monitoring the pipelines found 16&nbsp;places where corrosion had thinned pipeline walls. A BP crew sent to inspect the pipe in early August discovered a leak and small spill,<ref name="Kleiner2006"/><ref name="Isidore2006">{{cite news |title=New worry for drivers: BP shuts oilfield |author=Chris Isidore |url=https://money.cnn.com/2006/08/07/news/international/oil_alaska/ |publisher=CNN|date=8 August 2006 |access-date=21 January 2013}}</ref> following which, BP announced that the eastern portion of the Alaskan field would be shut down for repairs on the pipeline,<ref name="Isidore2006"/><ref name="Zibel2007">{{cite news |title=BP shuts 100,000 barrels of Alaska oil |author=Alan Zibel |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/economy/2007-05-22-2959368754_x.htm |work=[[USA Today]] |date=22 May 2007 |access-date=21 January 2013}}</ref> with approval from the [[United States Department of Transportation|Department of Transportation]]. The shutdown resulted in a reduction of {{convert|200000|oilbbl/d|m3/d}} until work began to bring the eastern field to full production on 2 October 2006.<ref name="Alaska Update">{{Cite news|url=http://usresponse.bp.com/go/doc/1249/132386/ |title=Alaska Update |publisher=BP |date=2 October 2006|id={{subscription required}}}}</ref> In total, {{convert|23|oilbbl|m3}} of oil were spilled and {{convert|176|oilbbl|m3}} were "contained and recovered", according to ADEC. The spill was cleaned up and there was no impact upon wildlife.<ref name="ADECAug2006">{{cite web |url=http://dec.alaska.gov/spar/perp/response/sum_fy07/060806301/060806301_sr_05.pdf |title=Flow Station 2 Transit Oil Line Release Situation Report |date=14 August 2006 |work=dec.state.ak.us |publisher=Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation |access-date=21 January 2013 |archive-date=2 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802021119/https://dec.alaska.gov/spar/ppr/response/sum_fy07/060806301/060806301_sr_05.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 After the shutdown, BP pledged to replace {{convert|26|km}} of its Alaskan oil transit pipelines<ref name="Nelson2007">{{cite news |title=BP replacing entire transit system |author=Kristen Nelson |url=http://www.petroleumnews.com/pntruncate/954556022.shtml |work=Petroleum News |date=18 February 2007 |access-date=22 January 2013}}</ref><ref name="HeraldMar2008">{{cite news|title=BP to start replacing Alaska pipelines |url=http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/calgarybusiness/story.html?id=afa03605-518e-4450-844b-234254a762ed |work=Calgary Herald |date=1 March 2008 |access-date=22 January 2013 |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521044758/http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/calgarybusiness/story.html?id=afa03605-518e-4450-844b-234254a762ed |archive-date=21 May 2013 }}</ref> and the company completed work on the {{convert|16|mi}} of new pipeline by the end of 2008.<ref name="BPPrudhoeBayFact">{{cite web|url=http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/STAGING/global_assets/downloads/A/abp_wwd_alaska_prudhoe_bay_fact_sheet.pdf |title=Greater Prudhoe Bay |year=2012 |publisher=BP |access-date=22 January 2013 |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229141741/http://www.bp.com/liveassets/bp_internet/globalbp/STAGING/global_assets/downloads/A/abp_wwd_alaska_prudhoe_bay_fact_sheet.pdf |archive-date=29 December 2010 }}</ref> In November 2007, BP Exploration, Alaska pleaded guilty to negligent discharge of oil, a misdemeanour under the federal [[Clean Water Act]] and was fined US$20&nbsp;million.<ref name="corrosion">[http://puc.sd.gov/commission/dockets/hydrocarbonpipeline/2007/Hp07-001/webexhibit8.pdf "BP fined $20 million for pipeline corrosion"], [[Anchorage Daily News]], 26 October 2007. Retrieved 11 November 2007.</ref> There was no charge brought for the smaller spill in August 2006 due to BP's quick response and clean-up.<ref name="Rosen2007">{{cite news |title=BP set to plead in Prudhoe Bay pipeline case |first=Yereth | last=Rosen |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-bp-alaska/bp-set-to-plead-in-prudhoe-bay-pipeline-case-idUKN2864909420071129 | work=[[Reuters]]|date=29 November 2007 |access-date=21 January 2013}}</ref> On 16 October 2007, ADEC officials reported a "toxic spill" from a BP pipeline in Prudhoe Bay comprising {{convert|2000|USgal}} of primarily [[methanol|methanol (methyl alcohol)]] mixed with crude oil and water, which spilled onto a gravel pad and frozen tundra pond.<ref name="ktuu">{{Cite news|url=http://www.ktuu.com/Global/story.asp?S=7221594 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071113155521/http://www.ktuu.com/Global/story.asp?S=7221594 |archive-date=13 November 2007 |title=Methanol and crude spill from Prudhoe Bay pipeline |publisher=2 News KTUU.com |agency=Associated Press |date=16 October 2007 |access-date=11 June 2010}}</ref>
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 Research discussed at a 2013 conference included preliminary results of an ongoing study being done by the [[National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences]] indicating that oil spill cleanup workers carry [[biomarkers]] of chemicals contained in the spilled oil and the dispersants used.<ref name="nola220113">{{cite web|url=http://www.nola.com/news/gulf-oil-spill/index.ssf/2013/01/bp_deepwater_horizon_spill_sci.html|title=BP Deepwater Horizon spill: Scientists say seafood safe, but health effects being measured|work=NOLA.com|access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> A separate study is following the health issues of women and children affected by the spill. Several studies found that a "significant percentage" of Gulf residents reported mental health problems such as anxiety, depression and [[PTSD]].<ref name="nola220113"/> According to a [[Columbia University]] study investigating the health effects among children living less than 10 miles from the coast, more than a third of the parents report physical or mental health symptoms among their children.<ref name=nola220113 />
-Australia's ''[[60 Minutes (Australian TV program)|60 Minutes]]'' reported that people living along the gulf coast were becoming sick from the mixture of Corexit and oil.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sixtyminutes.ninemsn.com/article.aspx?id=8706910 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131030100741/http://sixtyminutes.ninemsn.com/article.aspx?id=8706910 |url-status = dead|archive-date=30 October 2013 |title=Crude Solution |work=sixtyminutes |access-date=15 March 2015 }}</ref> [[Susan Shaw (conservationist)|Susan Shaw]], of the ''Deepwater Horizon'' oil spill Strategic Sciences Working Group, says "BP told the public that Corexit was 'as harmless as Dawn dishwashing liquid'...But BP and the EPA clearly knew about the toxicity of the Corexit long before this spill." According to Shaw, BP's own safety sheet on Corexit says that there are "high and immediate human health hazards".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2013/10/bp-widespread-human-health-crisis-2013102717831227732.html|title=BP's 'widespread human health crisis'|author=Dahr Jamail|work=aljazeera.com|access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> Cleanup workers were not provided safety equipment by the company, and the safety manuals were "rarely if ever" followed, or distributed to workers, according to a ''[[Newsweek]]'' investigation. The safety manuals read: "Avoid breathing vapor" and "Wear suitable protective clothing."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsweek.com/what-bp-doesnt-want-you-know-about-2010-gulf-spill-63015|title=What BP Doesn't Want You to Know About the 2010 Gulf Spill|author=Mark Hertsgaard|date=22 April 2013|website=[[Newsweek]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.democracynow.org/2010/5/27/coast_guard_grounds_ships_involved_in|title=Coast Guard Grounds Ships Involved in Spill Cleanup After 7 Fall Ill; BP Reportedly Preventing Fishermen from Wearing Respirators|work=Democracy Now!|access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> Oil clean up workers reported that they were not allowed to use respirators, and that their jobs were threatened if they did.<ref>{{cite web|last=Vanhemert|first=Kyle|title=BP Reportedly Preventing Clean-Up Workers From Wearing Respirators|url=https://gizmodo.com/5582758/bp-reportedly-preventing-clean-up-workers-from-wearing-respirators|work=Gizmodo|date=8 July 2010 |access-date=5 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Cohen|first=Elizabeth|title=Fisherman files restraining order against BP|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/05/31/oil.spill.order/|publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date=5 March 2014|date=31 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Schor|first=Elana|title=Petition Urges Obama Admin to Protect Gulf Spill Cleanup Workers|url=https://www.nytimes.com/gwire/2010/07/09/09greenwire-petition-urges-obama-admin-to-protect-gulf-spi-60345.html|work=The New York Times|access-date=5 March 2014|date=9 July 2010}}</ref>
+Australia's ''[[60 Minutes (Australian TV program)|60 Minutes]]'' reported that people living along the gulf coast were becoming sick from the mixture of Corexit and oil.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sixtyminutes.ninemsn.com/article.aspx?id=8706910 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131030100741/http://sixtyminutes.ninemsn.com/article.aspx?id=8706910 |url-status = dead|archive-date=30 October 2013 |title=Crude Solution |work=sixtyminutes |access-date=15 March 2015 }}</ref> [[Susan Shaw (conservationist)|Susan Shaw]], of the ''Deepwater Horizon'' oil spill Strategic Sciences Working Group, says "BP told the public that Corexit was 'as harmless as Dawn dishwashing liquid'...But BP and the EPA clearly knew about the toxicity of the Corexit long before this spill." According to Shaw, BP's own safety sheet on Corexit says that there are "high and immediate human health hazards".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2013/10/bp-widespread-human-health-crisis-2013102717831227732.html|title=BP's 'widespread human health crisis'|author=Dahr Jamail|work=aljazeera.com|access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> Cleanup workers were not provided safety equipment by the company, and the safety manuals were "rarely if ever" followed, or distributed to workers, according to a ''[[Newsweek]]'' investigation. The safety manuals read: "Avoid breathing vapor" and "Wear suitable protective clothing."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsweek.com/what-bp-doesnt-want-you-know-about-2010-gulf-spill-63015|title=What BP Doesn't Want You to Know About the 2010 Gulf Spill|author=Mark Hertsgaard|date=22 April 2013|website=[[Newsweek]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.democracynow.org/2010/5/27/coast_guard_grounds_ships_involved_in|title=Coast Guard Grounds Ships Involved in Spill Cleanup After 7 Fall Ill; BP Reportedly Preventing Fishermen from Wearing Respirators|work=Democracy Now!|access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> Oil clean up workers reported that they were not allowed to use respirators, and that their jobs were threatened if they did.<ref>{{cite web|last=Vanhemert|first=Kyle|title=BP Reportedly Preventing Clean-Up Workers From Wearing Respirators|url=https://gizmodo.com/5582758/bp-reportedly-preventing-clean-up-workers-from-wearing-respirators|work=Gizmodo|date=8 July 2010 |access-date=5 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Cohen|first=Elizabeth|title=Fisherman files restraining order against BP|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/05/31/oil.spill.order/|publisher=CNN|access-date=5 March 2014|date=31 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Schor|first=Elana|title=Petition Urges Obama Admin to Protect Gulf Spill Cleanup Workers|url=https://www.nytimes.com/gwire/2010/07/09/09greenwire-petition-urges-obama-admin-to-protect-gulf-spi-60345.html|work=The New York Times|access-date=5 March 2014|date=9 July 2010}}</ref>
 A peer-reviewed study published in ''[[The American Journal of Medicine]]'' reported significantly altered blood profiles of individuals exposed to the spilled oil and dispersants that put them at increased risk of developing liver cancer, leukemia and other disorders.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elsevier.com/about/press-releases/research-and-journals/study-reveals-link-between-oil-spill-exposure-and-hematologic-and-hepatic-toxicity|title=Study Reveals Link Between Oil Spill Exposure and Hematologic and Hepatic Toxicity|work=elsevier.com|access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref> BP disputed its methodology and said other studies supported its position that dispersants did not create a danger to health.<ref name="BP gulf website - 13 Nov 2013">{{cite web|title=The Facts About Dispersants, November 13, 2013|url=http://www.thestateofthegulf.com/our-view/content/our-view/the-facts-about-dispersants/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212095734/http://www.thestateofthegulf.com/our-view/content/our-view/the-facts-about-dispersants/|url-status = dead|archive-date=12 December 2013|work=The State of the Gulf: BP Sets the Record Straight|publisher=BP|access-date=5 December 2013}}</ref>
@@ Line 852: / Line 852: @@
 In February 2002, BP's then-chief executive, [[Lord Browne of Madingley]], renounced the practice of corporate [[campaign contributions]], saying: "That's why we've decided, as a global policy, that from now on we will make no political contributions from corporate funds anywhere in the world."<ref>{{Cite news|author1=Terry Macalister |author2=Michael White |name-list-style=amp |url=https://www.theguardian.com/Archive/Article/0,4273,4365524,00.html |title=BP stops paying political parties |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=16 April 2002 |access-date=5 June 2010 |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216115036/http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0%2C4273%2C4365524%2C00.html |archive-date=16 December 2008 |url-status = live}}</ref> When the Washington Post reported in June 2010 that BP North America "donated at least $4.8 million in corporate contributions in the past seven years to political groups, partisan organizations and campaigns engaged in federal and state elections", mostly to oppose ballot measures in two states aiming to raise taxes on the oil industry, the company said that the commitment had only applied to contributions to individual candidates.<ref>{{Cite news | issn = 0190-8286 | last = Leonnig | first = Carol D.  | title = Despite BP corporate code, firm has made political contributions | newspaper = [[The Washington Post]] | access-date = 23 March 2013 | date = 29 June 2010 | url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/06/29/AR2010062903384.html }}</ref>
-During the 2008 U.S. election cycle, BP employees contributed to various candidates, with Barack Obama receiving the largest amount of money,<ref>{{cite news | title = Obama was top recipient of BP-related dollars in 2008 | publisher=[[CNN]] | access-date = 23 March 2013 | url = http://edition.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/05/05/bp.lobbying/index.html | date=5 May 2010}}</ref> broadly in line with contributions from Shell and Chevron, but significantly less than those of Exxon Mobil.<ref>{{cite web | title = Exxon, Chevron, BP Greased Obama's Campaign | access-date = 23 March 2013 | url = https://www.usnews.com/news/blogs/washington-whispers/2011/03/14/exxon-chevron-bp-greased-obamas-campaign }}</ref>
+During the 2008 U.S. election cycle, BP employees contributed to various candidates, with Barack Obama receiving the largest amount of money,<ref>{{cite news | title = Obama was top recipient of BP-related dollars in 2008 | publisher=CNN | access-date = 23 March 2013 | url = http://edition.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/05/05/bp.lobbying/index.html | date=5 May 2010}}</ref> broadly in line with contributions from Shell and Chevron, but significantly less than those of Exxon Mobil.<ref>{{cite web | title = Exxon, Chevron, BP Greased Obama's Campaign | access-date = 23 March 2013 | url = https://www.usnews.com/news/blogs/washington-whispers/2011/03/14/exxon-chevron-bp-greased-obamas-campaign }}</ref>
 In 2009, BP spent nearly $16 million [[lobbying]] the [[United States Congress|U.S. Congress]].<ref>{{Cite news|first=Antonia |last=Juhasz |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2010/may/02/bp-deepwater-horizon-oil-spills |title=BP spends millions lobbying as it drills ever deeper and the environment pays |work=The Observer |location=UK |date=2 May 2010 |access-date=6 May 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100505140409/http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2010/may/02/bp-deepwater-horizon-oil-spills| archive-date= 5 May 2010 |url-status = live}}</ref> In 2011, BP spent a total of $8,430,000 on lobbying and had 47 registered lobbyists.<ref name=autogenerated7>{{cite web|url=http://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/summary.php?cycle=A&type=P&id=D000000091|title=BP|work=opensecrets.org|access-date=15 March 2015}}</ref>
@@ Line 1,041: / Line 1,041: @@
 <ref name=ft260505>{{cite news |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/92c5e7f6-cd84-11d9-aa26-00000e2511c8.html |title=BTC pipeline the 'new Silk Road' |first=Vincent |last=Boland |newspaper=[[Financial Times]] |date=26 May 2005 |access-date=9 September 2012 |url-access=subscription |archive-date=7 June 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080607092445/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/92c5e7f6-cd84-11d9-aa26-00000e2511c8.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
-<ref name=cnn260603>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2003/BUSINESS/06/26/russia.oil/ |title=BP, TNK sign $6bn Russia deal |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=26 June 2003 |access-date=9 September 2012}}</ref>
+<ref name=cnn260603>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2003/BUSINESS/06/26/russia.oil/ |title=BP, TNK sign $6bn Russia deal |publisher=CNN |date=26 June 2003 |access-date=9 September 2012}}</ref>
 <ref name=bbc071005>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4321046.stm |title=BP sells chemical unit for £5bn |work=[[BBC News]] |date=7 October 2005 |access-date=5 June 2010}}</ref>
@@ Line 1,263: / Line 1,263: @@
 <ref name="Forbes2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/companies/bp/ |title=BP |work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=18 June 2012}}</ref>
-<ref name="CNNMoney2011">{{cite news |title=BP PLC Company Description |url=https://money.cnn.com/quote/profile/profile.html?symb=BP |publisher=[[CNN]]|date=1 April 2011 |access-date=7 June 2012}}</ref>
+<ref name="CNNMoney2011">{{cite news |title=BP PLC Company Description |url=https://money.cnn.com/quote/profile/profile.html?symb=BP |publisher=CNN|date=1 April 2011 |access-date=7 June 2012}}</ref>
-<ref name=cnn040820>{{cite news | url = https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/04/business/bp-oil-clean-energy/index.html |title=BP will slash oil production by 40% and pour billions into green energy | first= Hanna | last = Ziady |work=[[CNN]]| date= 4 August 2020 |access-date=26 December 2020}}</ref>
+<ref name=cnn040820>{{cite news | url = https://edition.cnn.com/2020/08/04/business/bp-oil-clean-energy/index.html |title=BP will slash oil production by 40% and pour billions into green energy | first= Hanna | last = Ziady |work=CNN| date= 4 August 2020 |access-date=26 December 2020}}</ref>
 }}