Army Futures Command: Difference between revisions

** The capability development integration directorate ([[#AFC branch locations|CDID]]) of each [[Center of excellence#United States Army|Center of Excellence]], works with its [[#Cross-functional teams|CFT]]<ref name="aCFT" group="Note" /> and its research, development and engineering center to develop operational experiments and prototypes to test.

** The Battle Labs and the Research Analysis Center<ref name="TRAC">{{Cite web |title=TRAC makes official move to Futures Command |url=https://www.army.mil/article/214721/trac_makes_official_move_to_futures_command |access-date=2021-12-25 |website=www.army.mil |date=6 December 2018 |language=en |archive-date=9 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209130034/https://www.army.mil/article/214721/trac_makes_official_move_to_futures_command |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="MS,TRAC" /> prototype and analyze the concepts to test.

** The [[Brigade Modernization Command|Joint Modernization Command]] (JMC) provides live developmental experiments to test those concepts or capabilities, "scalable from company level to corps, amid tough, realistic multi-domain operations".<ref name="JMC,AFC5sep2018" /><ref name="mdb" /><ref name="indoPacCom">US Army [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ9e38B4sxQ (4 Sep 2018) U.S. Army Pacific Commander Gen. Robert Brown: State of the Pacific ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920091503/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZ9e38B4sxQ&gl=US&hl=en |date=20 September 2018 }}</ref>

** The [[United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command|Combat Capabilities Development Command]] (CCDC, or DEVCOM), the former RDECOM, part of the Combat Development element. Stood up on 3 February 2019.<ref name="rdecom,ccdc" /><ref name="ccdc8feb2019cg">{{Cite web |last=Jr |first=Sydney J. Freedberg |date=2019-02-08 |title=Army R&D Chief: 'I Don't Think We Went Far Enough' – But Futures Command Can |url=https://breakingdefense.sites.breakingmedia.com/2019/02/army-rd-chief-i-dont-think-we-went-far-enough-but-futures-command-can/ |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=Breaking Defense |language=en-US |archive-date=7 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240207060921/https://breakingdefense.com/2019/02/army-rd-chief-i-dont-think-we-went-far-enough-but-futures-command-can/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ccdc31jan2019" /><ref name="STforTerminalBallistics">CCDC Army Research Laboratory Public Affairs [https://www.army.mil/article/221048/army_selects_senior_research_scientist_for_terminal_ballistics (29 April 2019) Army selects senior research scientist for terminal ballistics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922153855/https://www.army.mil/article/221048/army_selects_senior_research_scientist_for_terminal_ballistics |date=22 September 2020 }} Fewer than 50 STs across the Army: An ST is a general-officer equivalent

**Gen. Robert Abrams has tasked III Corps with providing soldier feedback for the Next Generation Combat Vehicles CFT, XVIII Corps for the soldier feedback on the soldier lethality CFT,  the Network CFT, as well as the Synthetic Training CFT, and I Corps for the Long Range Precision Fires CFT.<ref name="soldierFeedback">Myers [https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2018/03/27/abrams-army-units-will-be-tasked-to-work-on-each-of-futures-commands-priorities/ (27 March 2018) Abrams: Army units will be tasked to work on each of Futures Command's priorities] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240207061423/https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2018/03/27/abrams-army-units-will-be-tasked-to-work-on-each-of-futures-commands-priorities/ |date=7 February 2024 }}</ref>

**Combat Systems refines, engineers, and produces the developed solutions from Combat Development.<ref name="3pillars2019">Arpi Dilanian and Matthew Howard [https://www.army.mil/article/223739/the_cheese_has_moved_an_interview_with_lt_gen_paul_ostrowski (18 July 2019) The Cheese Has Moved: An Interview With Lt. Gen. Paul Ostrowski] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721125814/https://www.army.mil/article/223739/the_cheese_has_moved_an_interview_with_lt_gen_paul_ostrowski |date=21 July 2019 }}</ref><ref name="soundoff">{{Cite web |url=https://ftmeadesoundoff.com/communitynews/news/new-site-army-futures-command/ |title=Ft Meade Soundoff! (19 July 2018) New site for Army Futures Command |access-date=6 September 2018 |archive-date=6 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906124816/https://ftmeadesoundoff.com/communitynews/news/new-site-army-futures-command/ |url-status=live }}</ref>  

**"forces from satellites to foot soldiers to submarines sharing battle data at machine-to-machine speed"

** All-Domain Operations (ADO) use global capabilities: "space, cyber, deterrent [the nuclear triad (for mutually assured destruction in the Cold War, an evolving concept in itself)], transportation, electromagnetic spectrum operations, missile defense"  

** CFT: Synthetic Training Environment (STE):<ref>Maj. Gen. [[Maria R. Gervais]] [https://www.army.mil/article/210105/the_synthetic_training_environment_revolutionizes_sustainment_training (31 August 2018) The Synthetic Training Environment revolutionizes sustainment training ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911191442/https://www.army.mil/article/210105/the_synthetic_training_environment_revolutionizes_sustainment_training |date=11 September 2018 }}</ref><ref name="scaleIssue">Jacqueline M. Hames and Margaret C. Roth [https://www.army.mil/article/216068/virtual_battlefield_represents_future_of_training (14 January 2019) Virtual battlefield represents future of training] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115222104/https://www.army.mil/article/216068/virtual_battlefield_represents_future_of_training |date=15 January 2019 }} Training as a service; more content at scale needed.</ref><ref name="scaleIssue2">[https://asc.army.mil/web/news-alt-jfm19-then-and-now-training-for-the-future/ Army ALT Magazine (29 January 2019) THEN AND NOW: TRAINING FOR THE FUTURE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403204218/https://asc.army.mil/web/news-alt-jfm19-then-and-now-training-for-the-future/ |date=3 April 2019 }} critique</ref> The HQ for STE has opened in Orlando (28 January 2019).<ref name="orlando">{{Cite web |title=STE CFT Cuts Ribbon in Orlando |url=https://www.army.mil/article/218753/ste_cft_cuts_ribbon_in_orlando |access-date=2021-12-14 |website=www.army.mil |date=18 March 2019 |language=en |archive-date=25 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190325110155/https://www.army.mil/article/218753/ste_cft_cuts_ribbon_in_orlando |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="sttc,ict">{{Cite web |title=Army pursuing improved realism in live and virtual training |url=https://www.army.mil/article/230567/army_pursuing_improved_realism_in_live_and_virtual_training |access-date=2021-12-25 |website=www.army.mil |date=4 December 2019 |language=en |archive-date=5 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205062140/https://www.army.mil/article/230567/army_pursuing_improved_realism_in_live_and_virtual_training |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="steFoc23">Jen Judson [https://www.defensenews.com/land/2019/05/17/us-armys-jumping-to-next-level-in-virtual-training-world/ (17 May 2019) US Army's jumping to the next level in virtual training] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240207062037/https://www.defensenews.com/land/2019/05/17/us-armys-jumping-to-next-level-in-virtual-training-world/ |date=7 February 2024 }} reconfigurable virtual collective trainers (RVCTs)</ref><ref name="asaWSH2018" />{{rp|p.27}}{{efn|name= asaWsh2018ToC}}  

** CFT: Mobile and Expeditionary Network<ref name="try,find,adapt,buy" />

** CFT:  [[Next Generation Combat Vehicle]] (NGCV)<ref name="ngcv17sep2018">{{Cite web |url=https://www.army.mil/article/211236/preparing_for_future_battlefields_the_next_generation_combat_vehicle |title=Bob Purtiman, NGCV Cross-Functional Team (17 September 2018) Preparing for future battlefields: The Next Generation Combat Vehicle |date=17 September 2018 |access-date=18 September 2018 |archive-date=19 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919024949/https://www.army.mil/article/211236/preparing_for_future_battlefields_the_next_generation_combat_vehicle |url-status=live }}</ref>

** CFT:  Soldier Lethality

** CFT:  Future Vertical Lift (FVL)

** CFT:  Long Range Precision Fires (LRPF)<ref name="mdo,1000miTargeting" /><ref name="gwon" />

** CFT:  Air and Missile Defense

** CFT:  Assured Positioning, Navigation and Timing (A-PNT)<ref name="apgPeoEW" /><ref name="apnt4DismountedSoldiers">Andrew Eversden [https://breakingdefense.com/2021/10/army-seeks-cutting-edge-network-aided-pnt-technologies-for-battle/ (25 Oct 2021) Army Seeks 'Cutting Edge' Network-Aided PNT Technologies For Battle] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208021542/https://breakingdefense.com/2021/10/army-seeks-cutting-edge-network-aided-pnt-technologies-for-battle/ |date=8 December 2023 }}  

** CFT:  Network CFT (N-CFT)<ref name="APG" />{{rp|p.5}}

** CFT:  Long Range Precision Fires,<ref name="rdecom,lrpf" />

** CFT:  Long Range Precision Fires

** CFT:  [[Next Generation Combat Vehicle]] (NGCV)

** CFT:  Air and Missile Defense

** LRPF: $1700 million

** FVL: $514 million

** OMFV: $328 million

** MPF: $135 million

** LTAMDS: $376 million

** [[#ifpc|IFPC]] $236 million</ref>

**[[Hypersonic flight#Hypersonic weapons development|Hypersonic materiel development]]:<ref name="ahwJointHypersonic">Sydney J. Freedberg, Jr. [https://breakingdefense.com/2018/08/army-warhead-is-key-to-joint-hypersonics/ (22 August 2018) Army Warhead Is Key To Joint Hypersonics ]</ref> the Strategic long range cannon (SLRC), for a hypersonic projectile,<ref name="slrcQuestions">Loren Thompson [https://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenthompson/2020/08/07/army-breakthroughs-in-long-range-fires-raise-novel-questions-about-targeting-organization--command/#565a921b6d7b (7 Aug 2020) Army breakthroughs in Long-range fires raise novel questions about targeting, organization, and command] about SLRC, a long-barrelled cannon which uses GPS-guided munitions</ref><ref name="slrc14sep18">Matthew Cox [https://www.businessinsider.com/army-seeks-strategic-cannon-that-can-fire-a-round-over-1000-miles-2018-9 (14 September 2018) The Army is developing a new strategic cannon to devastate targets over 1,000 miles away]</ref>  is meant to have a range up to 1,000 nautical miles.<ref name="Slrc20191014">Sean Gallagher [https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2019/10/army-aims-to-test-extreme-long-range-strategic-cannon/ (10/15/2019) Bringing in the big gun: Army paves way for "strategic cannon"]

**[[Extended Range Cannon Artillery]] (ERCA) development at Picatinny Arsenal: evaluate several manufacturing technologies, tied to the XM1113 munition.<ref>Eric Kowal [https://www.army.mil/article/238532/by_improving_artillery_shells_picatinny_engineers_seek_to_greatly_extend_range_of_cannon_artillery (August 27, 2020) By Improving Artillery Shells, Picatinny Engineers Seek to Greatly Extend Range of Cannon Artillery]</ref><ref>Richard P. Hansen, Scranton Army Ammunition Plant [https://www.army.mil/article/238269/scranton_army_ammunition_plant_manufactures_and_ships_large_caliber_ammunition_metal_parts (August 19, 2020) Scranton Army Ammunition Plant Manufactures and Ships Large-Caliber Ammunition Metal Parts]</ref> ERCA was cancelled in March 2024;<ref name=xErca >Ashley Rocque  [https://breakingdefense.com/2024/03/army-budget-request-2025-biden-pentagon-how-much-does-the-army-spend/ (11 Mar 2024) Army’s $186B budget request shuffles artillery, aviation plans]</ref> Gen. Rainey has ceded towed artillery as at its end-of-life.<ref name= endOfM777 >Ashley Rocque [https://breakingdefense.com/2024/03/towed-artillery-has-reached-end-of-the-effectiveness-army-four-star-declares/ (26 Mar 2024) Towed artillery has reached 'end of the effectiveness', Army four-star declares] Rainey</ref>

**Targeting with thousand-mile missiles,<ref name="2023hypersonicTest">Sydney J. Freedberg, Jr.  [https://breakingdefense.com/2019/03/army-sets-2023-hypersonic-flight-test-strategic-cannon-advances/ (19 March 2019)  Army Sets 2023 Hypersonic Flight Test; Strategic Cannon Advances]</ref><ref name="mdo,1000miTargeting">Sydney J. Freedberg, Jr.  [https://breakingdefense.com/2018/09/aiming-the-armys-thousand-mile-missiles/ (11 September 2018) Aiming The Army's Thousand-Mile Missiles] Multi-domain Ft Sill</ref><ref name="tmoSill"><!--Fyi: fortblissbugle.com is now a gaming site. Only use the archive version: https://web.archive.org/web/20190904235346/http://fortblissbugle.com/2019/09/04/target-mensuration-course-bulldog-brigade-trains-target-acquisition-with-precision/-->Maj. Anthony Clas, 3rd Armored Brigade Combat Team, 1st Armored Division Public Affairs: (SEPTEMBER 4, 2019) Target Mensuration course: Bulldog Brigade trains target acquisition with precision Target Mensuration Only (TMO) Including TMO in a unit training plan

**{{anchor|A-PNT}}Assured Positioning, Navigation and Timing (A-PNT)<ref name="apntTacSpaceNavWar">Office of the Chief of Public Affairs [https://www.dvidshub.net/video/715345/2019-ausa-warriors-corner-tacticalspace-delivering-future-force-space-capabilities (10.16.2019) 2019 AUSA Warriors Corner - TacticalSpace: Delivering Future Force Space Capabilities]

***An A-PNT event was scheduled at [[White Sands Missile Range|WSMR]] for August 2019{{multiref|<ref name=asaWSH2018/>{{rp|pp220-3}}{{efn|name= asaWsh2018ToC}}<ref name=rfpWsmrExpired>{{ cite web|url=http://www.rfpdb.com/view/document/name/Assured-Positioning%2C-Navigation-and-Timing-Cross-Functional-Team-Assessment-Exercise_PNT%7CASSESSMENT%7CEXERCISE|title=Assured Positioning, Navigation and Timing Cross Functional Team Assessment Exercise, 1-16 Aug 2019, WSMR|website=rfpdb.com}}</ref><ref>Positioning, Navigation and Timing Assessment Exercise (PNTAX)</ref><ref name=APNTjmc>{{cite web|url=https://fortblissbugle.com/2019/09/04/army-jmc-assess-new-navigation-positioning-systems/|title=Army, JMC assess new navigation, positioning systems. Wearable A-PN|website=fortissbugle.com|date=4 September 2019|first=Jonathan |last=Koester|publisher=Joint Modernization Command Public Affairs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904235349/https://fortblissbugle.com/2019/09/04/army-jmc-assess-new-navigation-positioning-systems/|archive-date=4 September 2019|access-date=30 September 2023|url-status=usurped|quote=(Fyi: the "original" link at "fortblissbugle.com" is now a gaming site. Only use the archive link.)}}</ref><ref name=asaWSH2018/>{{rp|pp220-1}}{{efn|name= asaWsh2018ToC}}<ref name=gpsFailover >Mark Pomerleau [https://www.c4isrnet.com/c2-comms/2019/03/29/if-gps-goes-out-the-army-now-has-a-requirement-for-that/ (28 March 2019) If GPS goes out, the Army now has a requirement for that]</ref><ref name=apntCft1st >Caitlin O'Neill, APNT CFT Public Affairs [https://www.army.mil/article/226186/apnt_cft_hosts_first_annual_assessment_exercise (23 August 2019) APNT CFT Hosts First Annual Assessment Exercise]</ref>}}

***Prototype jam-resistant GPS kits are being fielded to [[2nd Cavalry Regiment (United States)|2nd Cavalry Regiment]] in [[United States European Command|US European Command]] (EUCOM) before year-end 2019.<ref name="antiJamGPS">{{Cite web |last=Jr |first=Sydney J. Freedberg |date=2019-06-06 |title=Army Fields Anti-Jam GPS In Germany This Fall |url=https://breakingdefense.sites.breakingmedia.com/2019/06/army-fields-anti-jam-gps-to-germany-this-fall/ |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=Breaking Defense |language=en-US}}</ref> More than 300 Strykers of the 2nd Cavalry Regiment are being fitted with the Mounted Assured Precision Navigation & Timing System (MAPS), with thousands more planned for [[EUCOM]].<ref name="2-2CRmaps">Thomas Brading, Army News Service [https://www.army.mil/article/228236/army_fields_anti_jam_gps_plans_for_thousands_more_by_2028 (7 October 2019) Army fields anti-jam GPS, plans for thousands more by 2028]</ref>

***A Modular Open Systems Approach (MOSA) to Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) is under development.<ref name="MoGIS">Dan Lafontaine, CCDC C5ISR Center Public Affairs [https://www.army.mil/article/223236/futures_command_looks_to_enable_plug_and_play_pnt_across_army_platforms (17 June 2019) Futures Command looks to enable plug-and-play PNT across Army platforms]</ref><ref name="mdoI2cews">Theresa Hitchens and Sydney J. Freedberg Jr. [https://breakingdefense.com/2019/08/army-seeks-small-satellites-to-support-ground-troops/ (7 August 2019) Army Seeks Small Satellites To Support Ground Troops] 3 programs: Gunsmoke, Lonestar and Polaris.

****Low Earth orbit satellites for Assured Positioning, Navigation and Timing—"When you look at the sheer number of satellites that go up and the reduced cost to do it, it gives us an array of opportunities on how to solve the problems" in A-PNT<ref name="apntLeo">Gary Sheftick, Army News Service [https://www.army.mil/article/233587/army_looks_to_leverage_low_earth_orbit_satellites (10 March 2020) Army looks to leverage 'low Earth orbit' satellites]: LEO satellites orbit 100-1200 miles above Earth</ref>

***ARL researchers have proposed and demonstrated a way for small ground-based robots with mounted antennas to configure [[phased array]]s, a technique which usually takes a static laboratory to develop. Instead the researchers used robots to covertly create and focus a highly directional parasitic array (''see [[Yagi antenna]]'').<ref name="parasiticArray">CCDC Army Research Laboratory [https://www.army.mil/article/226447/army_scientists_discover_a_new_way_for_robots_to_exchange_directed_messages (29 August 2019) Army scientists discover a new way for robots to exchange directed messages]</ref>

***ARL's Army Research Office is funding researchers at [[University of Texas at Austin]], and [[University of Lille]] who have built a new 5G component using hexagonal [[boron nitride]] which can switch at performant speeds, while remaining 50 times more energy-efficient than current materials—the "thinnest known insulator with a thickness of 0.33 [[Nanometre|nanometers]]".<ref name="arlAroBnitr">Kim, M., Pallecchi, E., Ge, R. et al. [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41928-020-0416-x (2020) Analogue switches made from boron nitride monolayers for application in 5G and terahertz communication systems. ''Nature Electron'' ] https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-020-0416-x

***ARL's Army Research Office is seeking diamond [[colloid]]s, microscopic spheres which can assemble bottom-up into promising structures for laser action.<ref name="arlAroDiamond">Todd South [https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2020/11/20/new-army-research-breakthrough-could-lead-to-more-powerful-lasers/ (20 Nov 2020) New Army research breakthrough could lead to more powerful lasers]  

***A demonstration of proof of concept allows soldiers to communicate their position using a wearable tracking unit. The technology allows soldiers (or robots) to prosecute a fight even indoors or underground, even if GPS were lost.<ref name="NAVWAR,Threat,Detection">Michael Howard [https://www.army.mil/article/238979/technology_providing_navigation_in_gps_denied_environment_wins_grand_prize_in_xtechsearch_competition (11 September 2020) Technology Providing Navigation in GPS-Denied Environment wins Grand Prize in xTechSearch Competition]</ref>

*** Hypersonic glide vehicle launch preparations,<ref name="dyneticsChgbLockheedLrhw" /> beginning in 2020, and continuing with launches every six months.<ref name="afatds">Sean Kimmons, Army News Service {{Cite web |title=Joint hypersonic weapon tests to start next year |url=https://www.army.mil/article/222617/joint_hypersonic_weapon_tests_to_start_next_year |access-date=2021-12-15 |website=www.army.mil |date=8 October 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

***At [[Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake]], an FVL CFT-sponsored demonstration of interconnected sensors handed off control of a glide munition which had been launched from a Grey Eagle drone. When another group of sensors picked up a higher-priority target, another operator at the Tactical Operations Center redirected the glide munition to the higher-priority targe.<ref name="smartSensor">Gary Sheftick, Army News Service [https://www.army.mil/article/226890/smart_sensor_network_helps_redirect_missile (9 September 2019)  Smart sensor network helps redirect missile] The [[Lockheed AC-130#Recent and planned upgrades|GBU-69]] was redirected; FARA is slated to replace AH-64 in subsequent A3I experiments</ref><ref name="trax">Dan Gouré [https://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2020/03/20/socom_has_solved_the_militarys_tower_of_babel_problem_115132.html (20 Mar 2020) SOCOM Has Solved the Military's 'Tower of Babel' Problem]</ref><ref name="mosaAIfvl">Sydney J. Freedberg Jr. [https://breakingdefense.com/2020/02/future-vertical-lift-armys-aerial-vanguard/ (25 February 2020) Future Vertical Lift: Army's Aerial Vanguard ] LRPF will be the prime customer for the AI targeting data provided via FVL. The Joint force is also a consumer of this data, provided by FVL's manned or unmanned missions.</ref>  

**Network CFT sponsors sensor-to-shooter prototype for multi-domain battle, 2019 operational assessment.<ref name="mdb,usaf,usa,2019">Claire Heininger [https://www.army.mil/article/209672/army_air_force_team_on_sensor_to_shooter_prototype_for_multi_domain_battle (9 August 2018) Army, Air Force team on sensor to shooter prototype for multi-domain battle]</ref><ref name="mdc2,usaf">Mark Pomerleau [https://www.c4isrnet.com/c2-comms/2018/04/11/in-the-move-to-multi-domain-operations-what-gets-lost/ (11 April 2018) In the move to multi-domain operations, what gets lost? ] The space, cyber, and information domains transcend geographic AoRs</ref><ref name="reportCard">Dan Gouré [https://www.realcleardefense.com/articles/2019/08/02/army_futures_commands_report_card_after_its_first_year_114632.html (2 August 2019) Army Futures Command's Report Card After Its First Year] Need: MDO doctrine in DoD, Two theater operation at island & continent, augment BCTs with higher echelon capability</ref>

**Night vision goggles thermal polarimetric camera.<ref>ARL [https://www.army.mil/article/211492/new_army_technology_guides_soldiers_in_complete_darkness (24 September 2018) New Army technology guides Soldiers in complete darkness]</ref> [[Integrated Visual Augmentation System]] (IVAS)<ref name="ivasFovDelay">Andrew Eversden [https://breakingdefense.com/2021/10/army-says-next-gen-ar-goggles-delayed-over-field-of-view-issues/ (18 Oct 2021) Army Says Next-Gen AR Goggles Delayed Over Field Of View Issues]</ref><ref name="ivasBy2021">Joe Lacdan [https://www.army.mil/article/221766/augmented_reality_training_on_the_horizon_to_give_soldiers_edge_in_combat (13 May 2019) Augmented reality training on the horizon to give Soldiers edge in combat] allows repetition, for training</ref><ref name="ivas19">Tom McKay [https://gizmodo.com/the-army-just-gave-a-press-demo-of-microsofts-hololens-1833863938 (6 April 2019) The Army Just Gave a Press Demo of Microsoft's HoloLens 2 Military Prototype]</ref><ref name="ivasSoldier1Touchpoint">Bridgett Siter [https://www.army.mil/article/230034/soldiers_test_new_ivas_technology_capabilities_during_hand_on_exercises (19 November 2019) Soldiers test new IVAS technology, capabilities with hand-on exercises] IVAS: 1 Soldier Touchpoint (STP) STP is becoming rapid acquisitions methodology for AFC</ref><ref name="ivas2stp">Kathryn Bailey, PEO C3T Public Affairs [https://www.army.mil/article/230047/the_armys_tactical_network_empowers_advanced_goggle_platform (19 November 2019)  The Army's tactical network empowers advanced goggle platform] IVAS is under STP 2-- "In July 2020, STP 3 will fully integrate the ITN with IVAS"</ref><ref name="ivasChanges">Sydney J. Freedberg Jr. [https://breakingdefense.com/2019/12/soldiers-coders-surprise-army-brass-changing-ivas-goggles/ (13 December 2019) Soldiers, Coders Surprise Army Brass By Changing IVAS Goggles] FOV is turning out to be more important to the infantrymen than the range of the goggles</ref><ref name="ivasResults">Devon L. Suits, Army News Service [https://www.army.mil/article/230765/third_ivas_evaluation_slated_for_july (9 December 2019) Third IVAS evaluation slated for July] Soldier Touchpoint successfully increased IVAS FOV to 80 degrees while range of the goggles was still at 900 meters, from thermal nightsight capability</ref><ref name="Hu2020">Thomas Brading, Army News Service [https://www.army.mil/article/232503/new_technology_recognizes_faces_in_the_dark_far_away (10 February 2020) New technology recognizes faces in the dark, far away] Combines night vision with facial recognition</ref><ref name="ivasWaterproof">Sydney J. Freedberg Jr. [https://breakingdefense.com/2020/10/from-frankengoggle-to-battle-ready-army-ivas/ (5 October 2020) From 'Frankengoggle' To Battle-Ready: Army IVAS ] waterproof IVAS</ref> The Synthetic Training Environment (STE) is available to some of the troops outfitted with IVAS.<ref name="glaser">Adam Stone [https://www.defensenews.com/training-sim/2021/09/30/us-army-makes-headway-on-synthetic-training-environment/ (30 Sep 2021) US Army makes headway on Synthetic Training Environment]</ref> Army Secretary [[Christine Wormuth]] said Army work on a common operating picture will be a foundation for joint operations.<ref name="copInTheFight">Andrew Eversden [https://breakingdefense.com/2021/12/heres-what-the-army-would-do-in-a-pacific-fight-wormuth/ (1 Dec 2021) Wormuth: Here's the Army's role in a Pacific fight]</ref><ref name="operationsCenters">Immersive Ops [https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/immersive-wisdom-briefs-secretary-of-the-army-at-project-convergence-21-on-future-of-army-operations-centers-301423723.html (15 Nov 2021) Immersive Wisdom briefs Secretary of the Army at Project Convergence '21 on future of Army operations centers]  3D Virtual Operations Center software platform</ref><ref name="5coreTasks">Caitlin M Kenney [https://www.defenseone.com/policy/2021/12/army-would-have-5-core-tasks-pacific-conflict/187212/ (1 Dec 2021) Army Would Have 5 'Core Tasks' in a Pacific Conflict]</ref><ref name= ivasNeedsToAceIt >Ashley Rocque [https://breakingdefense.com/2024/05/if-armys-ivas-doesnt-ace-upcoming-test-it-could-become-bill-payer-rainey/ (15 May 2024) If Army's IVAS doesn't ace upcoming test, it could become bill payer: Rainey]</ref>

**CCDC ARL researchers are developing a flexible, waterproof, [[lithium-ion battery]] of any size and shape, for soldiers to wear; the electrolyte is water itself. In 2020 the batteries were engineering prototypes; by 2021 soldiers will wear the battery for themselves for the first time.<ref name="waterproofBattery">Thomas Brading, Army News Service [https://www.army.mil/article/232406/army_scientists_on_verge_of_nearly_unbreakable_battery (6 February 2020) Army scientists on verge of nearly unbreakable battery] First announced in 2015</ref>

***CCDC ARL and DoE's PNNL are examining the solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) as it first forms during the initial charging of a lithium-ion battery. They have found an inner SEI (thin, dense, and inorganic—most likely [[lithium oxide]]) between the copper electrode, and an outer SEI which is organic and permeable—a finding which will be useful when building future batteries.<ref name="seiArl">U.S. Army CCDC Research Laboratory Public Affairs [https://www.army.mil/article/232404/army_scientists_look_inside_batteries_with_a_molecular_eye (5 February 2020) Army scientists look inside batteries with a molecular eye] CCDC ARL "teamed with researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory" (PNNL)

**CCDC ARL and MIT researchers are formulating atomically thin materials to be layered upon soldiers' equipment and clothing for MDO information display and processing.<ref name="moS2">CCDC Army Research Laboratory [https://www.army.mil/article/233325/researchers_imagine_devices_without_cords_or_batteries(3 March 2020) Researchers imagine devices without cords or batteries]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[Molybdenum disulphide]]</ref>

**Integrated, wearable cabling for capabilities such as IVAS, [[Next Generation Squad Weapon]] (NGSW), or [[Nett Warrior]] are under development;<ref name="intWearCabling">Dan Lafontaine, C5ISR Center Public Affairs [https://www.army.mil/article/235248/in_modernization_push_army_researches_integrated_power_cables_for_soldiers (4 May 2020) In modernization push, Army researches integrated power cables for Soldiers] uses technology from Foreign Comparative Testing program (FCT)</ref> the potential exists to reduce 20 pounds of batteries to half that weight.<ref name="intWearBatteries">Dan Lafontaine, C5ISR Center Public Affairs [https://www.army.mil/article/224879 (17 Jan 2020) Army boosts Soldier battery power for greater lethality, mobility] by using silicon-based anodes</ref>

**CCDC ARL is studying [[3D printing|additive manufacturing]] (3D printing) for munitions.<ref name="3dPrintingOnHemisphere">U.S. Army CCDC Army Research Laboratory Public Affairs [https://www.army.mil/article/233054/additive_manufacturing_to_provide_soldiers_with_cutting_edge_munitions (25 February 2020) Additive manufacturing to provide Soldiers with cutting-edge munitions] They "printed the world's first 3-D hybrid microcontroller circuit on a hemisphere that survived high G environments".</ref>  

**Natick Soldier RDEC has awarded an Other Transaction Authority (OTA) contract to prototype soldier exoskeletons which augment human leg strength under harsh conditions.<ref name="exoskel1">NSRDEC Public Affairs [https://www.army.mil/article/212426/naticks_exoskeleton_work_is_a_powerful_step_toward_the_future_of_soldier_lethality (15 October 2018) Natick's exoskeleton work is a powerful step toward the future of Soldier lethality]</ref><ref name="exoskel2">RDECOM Soldier Center, Public Affairs Office [https://www.army.mil/article/216423/army_looks_at_more_advanced_exoskeleton_technologies_options (23 January 2019) Soldier Center partners with industry experts to advance exoskeleton technologies]</ref><ref>Harvard [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N28bttqLoZE (17 Sep 2018) Multi-joint Personalized Exosuit Breaks New Ground] video clip</ref><ref name="exoskel3">David Roza [https://taskandpurpose.com/news/army-tests-exoskeleton/ (26 Aug 2022) The Army wants exoskeletons so soldiers can defeat their worst enemy: Lower back pain] Assistive technology adds 3 pounds of equipment, but stabilizes lower back</ref>

** DEVCOM Chem Bio Center (CBC) is developing sensors to detect contaminants.<ref name="cbcSensorsIoT">Jerilyn Coleman [https://www.army.mil/article/256202/devcom_teams_explore_low_cost_lightweight_sensors_for_warfighter_use (28 Apr 2022) DEVCOM teams explore low-cost, lightweight sensors for warfighter use] Chem Bio Center (CBC) sensors to detect possible hazardous contamination</ref>

**The [[Infantry Squad Vehicle]] (ISV)<ref name="isv2019">Thomas Brading, Army News Service [https://www.army.mil/article/226439/army_closer_to_delivering_new_infantry_squad_vehicle (29 August 2019) Army closer to delivering new infantry squad vehicle] (ISV)

***A-PNT devices are being miniaturized, with more redundant positioning sources.<ref name="APNTjmc" /><ref name="asaWSH2018" />{{rp|pp220-3}}{{efn|name= asaWsh2018ToC }}

***In September 2019 in the Maneuver [[center of excellence#United States Army|CoE]]'s Battle Lab at [[Fort Moore]], OneSAF simulations<ref name="mblDroneGcvAiPlatoon10X" /> of a platoon augmented by UAS drones, ground robots, and AI were able to dislodge a defending force 3 times larger, repeatedly. But by current doctrine, a near-battalion would have been required to accomplish that mission.<ref name="mblDroneGcvAiPlatoon10X">Sydney J. Freedberg Jr. [https://breakingdefense.com/2019/12/ai-robots-crush-foes-in-army-wargame/ (19 December 2019) AI & Robots Crush Foes In Army Wargame]

**[https://armypubs.army.mil/ProductMaps/PubForm/Details.aspx?PUB_ID=60844 AR 5-22](pdf) lists the Force modernization proponent for each Army branch, which can be a [[Center of excellence#United States Army|CoE]] or [https://usacac.army.mil/branch-proponents Branch proponent] leader.

**Staff uses Synchronization meetings<ref name= weeklyAsmForceInteg >James Kennedy, CGSC [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mQUGlS5uL94 (Jun 2022) AY22 Force Integration CGSC] Weekly meetings on Change, Crisis, Competition, or Conflict. 50:31</ref>{{rp|minute 8:29 }} before seeking approval —HTAR Force Management 3-2b: "Managing change in any large, complex organization requires the synchronization of many interrelated processes".<ref name=htar />{{rp|p.3-1}}