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{{Organization
|OrganizationName=Office of Personnel Management
|OrganizationType=Independent Agencies
|Mission=OPM leads federal human resources, recruiting and retaining a top workforce through effective policies and services for the American people.
|CreationLegislation=Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1978
|Employees=6000
|Budget=$3.6 billion (Fiscal Year 2024)
|OrganizationExecutive=Director
|Services=Recruitment; Employee benefits management; Retirement services; Human resources policy; Training and development
|Regulations=5 CFR (Federal Personnel Regulations)
|HeadquartersLocation=38.89508, -77.04416
|HeadquartersAddress=1900 E Street NW, Washington, DC 20415, USA
|Website=https://www.opm.gov/
}}
{{short description|United States federal government agency}}
{{short description|United States federal government agency}}
{{use mdy dates|date=March 2018}}
 
{{Infobox government agency
{{Infobox government agency
| agency_name    = United States Office of Personnel Management
| agency_name    = United States Office of Personnel Management
Line 56: Line 70:
=== 2015 data breach ===
=== 2015 data breach ===
{{Main|Office of Personnel Management data breach}}
{{Main|Office of Personnel Management data breach}}
In April 2015, hackers working on behalf of the [[Jiangsu State Security Department]], a provincial branch of the Chinese [[Ministry of State Security (China)|Ministry of State Security]] spy agency obtained access to 22.1 million [[Standard Form 86|SF-86]] records of US federal employees, contractors, and their friends and family.<ref name="reuters201507092">{{Cite news |last1=Zengerle |first1=Patricia |last2=Cassella |first2=Megan |date=2015-07-09 |title=Estimate of Americans hit by government personnel data hack skyrockets |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cybersecurity-usa-idUSKCN0PJ2M420150709 |access-date=2015-07-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Nakashima |first1=Ellen |date=9 July 2015 |title=Hacks of OPM databases compromised 22.1 million people, federal authorities say |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/federal-eye/wp/2015/07/09/hack-of-security-clearance-system-affected-21-5-million-people-federal-authorities-say/ |access-date=19 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="npr">{{Cite news |author=Sanders |first=Sam |date=4 June 2015 |title=Massive Data Breach Puts 4 Million Federal Employees' Records At Risk |work=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/06/04/412086068/massive-data-breach-puts-4-million-federal-employees-records-at-risk |access-date=5 June 2015}}</ref> Representing one of the largest breaches of government data in U.S. history, information that was obtained and [[Data exfiltration|exfiltrated]] in the breach included [[personally identifiable information]] such as [[Social Security number|Social Security numbers]], as well as names, dates and places of birth, and addresses.<ref name="wsj">{{Cite news |author=Barrett, Devlin |date=5 June 2015 |title=U.S. Suspects Hackers in China Breached About four (4) Million People's Records, Officials Say |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-suspects-hackers-in-china-behind-government-data-breach-sources-say-1433451888 |url-access=subscription |access-date=5 June 2015}}</ref><ref name="Fruhlinger">{{Cite news |last=Fruhlinger |first=Josh |date=2020-02-12 |title=The OPM hack explained: Bad security practices meet China's Captain America |language=en |website=CSO Online |url=https://www.csoonline.com/article/3318238/the-opm-hack-explained-bad-security-practices-meet-chinas-captain-america.html |access-date=2023-05-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |author=Risen, Tom |date=5 June 2015 |title=China Suspected in Theft of Federal Employee Records |work=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2015/06/05/china-suspected-in-theft-of-federal-employee-records |access-date=5 June 2015}}</ref>
In April 2015, hackers working on behalf of the [[Jiangsu State Security Department]], a provincial branch of the Chinese [[Ministry of State Security (China)|Ministry of State Security]] spy agency obtained access to 22.1 million [[Standard Form 86|SF-86]] records of US federal employees, contractors, and their friends and family.<ref name="reuters201507092">{{Cite news |last1=Zengerle |first1=Patricia |last2=Cassella |first2=Megan |date=2015-07-09 |title=Estimate of Americans hit by government personnel data hack skyrockets |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cybersecurity-usa-idUSKCN0PJ2M420150709 |access-date=2015-07-09}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Nakashima |first1=Ellen |date=9 July 2015 |title=Hacks of OPM databases compromised 22.1 million people, federal authorities say |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/federal-eye/wp/2015/07/09/hack-of-security-clearance-system-affected-21-5-million-people-federal-authorities-say/ |access-date=19 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="npr">{{Cite news |author=Sanders |first=Sam |date=4 June 2015 |title=Massive Data Breach Puts 4 Million Federal Employees' Records At Risk |work=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/06/04/412086068/massive-data-breach-puts-4-million-federal-employees-records-at-risk |access-date=5 June 2015}}</ref> Representing one of the largest breaches of government data in U.S. history, information that was obtained and [[Data exfiltration|exfiltrated]] in the breach included [[personally identifiable information]] such as [[Social Security number|Social Security numbers]], as well as names, dates and places of birth, and addresses.<ref name="wsj">{{Cite news |author=Barrett, Devlin |date=5 June 2015 |title=U.S. Suspects Hackers in China Breached About four (4) Million People's Records, Officials Say |work=The Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-suspects-hackers-in-china-behind-government-data-breach-sources-say-1433451888 |url-access=subscription |access-date=5 June 2015}}</ref><ref name="Fruhlinger">{{Cite news |last=Fruhlinger |first=Josh |date=2020-02-12 |title=The OPM hack explained: Bad security practices meet China's Captain America |language=en |website=CSO Online |url=https://www.csoonline.com/article/3318238/the-opm-hack-explained-bad-security-practices-meet-chinas-captain-america.html |access-date=2023-05-29}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |author=Risen, Tom |date=5 June 2015 |title=China Suspected in Theft of Federal Employee Records |work=[[U.S. News & World Report]] |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2015/06/05/china-suspected-in-theft-of-federal-employee-records |access-date=5 June 2015}}</ref>


New updates regarding this security breach came to light on September 24, 2015. The agency then indicated that additional evidence showed that 5.6 million people's fingerprints were stolen as part of the hacks, more than five times the 1.1 million originally estimated. The total number of individuals whose records were disclosed in whole or part, including Social Security numbers and addresses, remained at 21.5 million.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/opm-says-56-million-fingerprints-stolen-in-biggest-cyber-attack-in-us-history-10515256.html | title=OPM says 5.6 million fingerprints stolen in biggest cyber attack in US history. America doesn't have anything together this is why this happened | work=[[The Independent|Independent]] | first1=Andrea | last1=Peterson | date=2015-09-24 | access-date=2015-09-24 | archive-date=September 15, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915160954/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/opm-says-56-million-fingerprints-stolen-in-biggest-cyber-attack-in-us-history-10515256.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
New updates regarding this security breach came to light on September 24, 2015. The agency then indicated that additional evidence showed that 5.6 million people's fingerprints were stolen as part of the hacks, more than five times the 1.1 million originally estimated. The total number of individuals whose records were disclosed in whole or part, including Social Security numbers and addresses, remained at 21.5 million.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/opm-says-56-million-fingerprints-stolen-in-biggest-cyber-attack-in-us-history-10515256.html | title=OPM says 5.6 million fingerprints stolen in biggest cyber attack in US history. America doesn't have anything together this is why this happened | work=[[The Independent|Independent]] | first1=Andrea | last1=Peterson | date=2015-09-24 | access-date=2015-09-24 | archive-date=September 15, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915160954/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/opm-says-56-million-fingerprints-stolen-in-biggest-cyber-attack-in-us-history-10515256.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
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