Budget Overview (2020 Presidential transition)

Book 1 - Corporate overview
Entire 2020 Transition book As of October 2020

This document provides an overview of the Department of Energy (DOE) budget, including highlights of the FY 2021 Budget Request focusing on the funding profiles of the important issues presented in these transition materials, and provides summary tables presenting the FY 2021 request by program office and appropriation, and appropriations by state and by national laboratory. The accompanying FY 2021 Budget in Brief provides more information about the FY 2021 request and funding for individual program offices and their activities.

The DOE budget supports a broad portfolio of energy, science, and national security programs, including support for the 17 national laboratories which carry out critical responsibilities for America’s security and economy in three areas:

• Promoting Energy Independence
• Progressing Scientific Research
• Protecting the Nation

The DOE budget is divided into two categories – Defense (budget function 050) and Non-Defense (non-050). The Defense 050 category funds the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); defense environmental cleanup, approximately 82% of the environmental management program; and several other smaller programs. The DOE non-defense category funds energy, science, non-defense environmental cleanup, and management and departmental administration programs.

FY 2017 to FY 2020 Financial Trend

File:FY 2017 to FY 2020 Financial Trend.png

Execution and Status of Funds The graph illustrates a high-level trend of Department of Energy’s (DOE) financial execution over the past four years. DOE’s discretionary Enacted Budget Authority increased steadily from $32.4B to $39.4B between FY 2017 to FY 2020, which is a +7% compounded annual growth rate (CAGR). Over the same time period, DOE’s total carryover increased from $23.4B to $34.1B, equating to a +13% CAGR. DOE’s total carryover is comprised of both unobligated funds (i.e., funds yet to be placed on awards) and uncosted funds (i.e., funds placed on awards, yet to be spent (costs accrued and paid)). The +$10.7B increase in total carryover in the graph is due primarily by increases in DOE’s uncosted balances (+$9.3B, +16% CAGR).

FY 2020 Obligations by Functional Category

This pie chart illustrates DOE’s obligations by functional category. Nearly half of DOE’s FY 2020 obligations were issued to the site facility contractors which lead work at DOE’s National Laboratories and field sites.

File:FY 2020 Obligations by Functional Category.png

Departmental Summary The following is excerpted from the 'Department of Energy FY 2021 Congressional Budget Request.' It was submitted to the U.S. Congress in February 2020 and is available on the website at: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2020/02/f72/doe-fy2021-budget-in-brief_0.pdf. Throughout the overview, we have provided updates from the FY 2021 House Energy and Water Development Appropriations (HEWD) bill. The Senate Energy and Water Subcommittee has not yet released a bill for FY 2021.

The mission of the Department of Energy (DOE) is to advance U.S. national security and economic growth through transformative science and technology innovation that promotes affordable and reliable energy through market solutions, and meets nuclear security and environmental cleanup challenges. DOE’s Fiscal Year (FY) 2021 Budget Request provides for research, emerging energy technologies, and nuclear capabilities to support DOE’s mission, activities, and policies.

Overview

The President’s Budget for FY 2021 requests $35.4B for the Department of Energy to meet today and tomorrow’s challenges by promoting energy independence, progressing scientific research, and protecting the Nation. The Budget highlights crosscutting, early-stage applied research in energy storage, grid integration, critical minerals, and harsh environment materials for a secure, resilient, affordable, and integrated energy system. The Budget maintains global leadership in scientific and technological innovation in part through 17 National Laboratories, including basic research to support Industries of the Future. DOE remains committed to managing and cleaning up nuclear waste. The Budget also supports aggressively modernizing the nuclear security enterprise for the safety and security of America.

House Action: The FY 2021 House Energy and Water Development Appropriations (HEWD) bill would fund the Department of Energy at over $40B; $1.5B above the FY 2020 enacted level and $4.7B above the FY 2021 request. The bill prioritizes funds to mitigate and adapt to climate change, and strengthen national security.

The FY 2021 Budget Request provides:

• $3.6 B for technologies that will make the Nation’s energy supply more affordable, reliable, and efficient promoting energy independence and dominance.
• $5.9 B to progress cutting-edge scientific R&D, including support for Industries of the Future, such as quantum information science (QIS) and AI. The Budget also funds key technologies such as microelectronics, advanced manufacturing, biotechnology, and technology transfer. The Budget also supports state-of-the art scientific tools and facilities keeping U.S. researchers at the forefront of scientific innovation.
• $26.9B to support national security, and includes:

$6.1 B to continue cleanup of sites resulting from six decades of nuclear weapons development and production and Government-sponsored nuclear energy research.
$19.8 B to sustain and modernize the U.S. nuclear stockpile and aging infrastructure, reduce global nuclear threats, and propel the nuclear Navy.

Department of Energy FY 2021

DOE	$M
Energy	3,603
Science	5,856
National Security	26,891
Administration and Oversight	215
Savings and Receipts	-722
Reduction for Loan Programs and ARPA-E	-480
DOE Total	'35,363'

The Budget also emphasizes coordinated crosscutting research of technologies for energy storage, critical minerals, harsh environment materials, grid integration, advanced manufacturing, exascale computing, and microelectronics.

The Budget seeks innovations and includes $190M for Advanced Energy Storage Initiative (AESI) to support the Energy Storage Grand Challenge (ESGC), a holistic approach to accelerate the development, commercialization,  and utilization of next-generation energy storage technologies.

The Department integrated the existing dispersed storage efforts from the Office of Science (SC), Grid Modernization Initiative, AESI, Beyond Batteries, and others into ESGC, an integrated, comprehensive DOE- wide strategy. The vision for the ESGC is to create and sustain global leadership in energy storage utilization and exports, with a secure domestic manufacturing supply chain that is independent of foreign sources of critical materials, by 2030.

To promote efficiency and maximize impact, the Budget maintains momentum on the Harsh Environment Materials Initiative (HEMI) launched in FY 2020. The Budget provides approximately $58.5M for HEMI, including $6.5M from the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), up to $22M from the Office of Fossil Energy (FE), and $30M from the Office of Nuclear Energy (NE). The initiative exploits synergies in materials and component manufacturing process research for advanced thermoelectric power plants. Building on current applied energy programs, this initiative leverages activities related to advanced reactor technologies and high efficiency low emission modular coal plants to align R&D of novel materials, integrated sensors, and manufacturing processes.

The Budget also establishes a $131M Critical Minerals Initiative (CMI) to coordinate research across the Department. Funds will come from program offices including, EERE with $53M, FE with $32M, NE with $1M, and SC with $45M, to initiate a National Laboratory-led team approach modeled after the Grid Modernization Laboratory Consortium to elevate and coordinate research activities.

To maintain U.S. leadership in supercomputing, the Budget provides almost $710M from SC ($475M) and the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) ($235M). In FY 2021, funding will support continued development of two SC-supported exascale systems. The first of these two exascale systems will be deployed calendar year 2021 at Argonne National Laboratory, with the second coming online in the 2021 – 2022 timeline at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. In addition, the FY 2021 Request will provide support for the procurement of and site preparation for a third exascale system delivered to NNSA at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in FY 2023. The SC and NNSA partnership will bolster America’s national security by strengthening the nuclear stockpile and next generation of science breakthroughs not possible with today’s fastest computing systems.

In FY 2021, the Budget provides $249M from SC ($237M) and NNSA ($12M) in support of QIS research. Supporting the National Quantum Initiative and the Administration’s Industries of the Future initiative, the Budget provides funding for research activities including strategic partnerships in quantum computing and data intensive applications, development of quantum sensors based on atomic-nuclear interactions, and development of quantum computing algorithms, and early stage research associated with the initial steps to establish a dedicated Quantum Network.

To support fiscal responsibility and streamline DOE activities, the Budget eliminates the Advanced Research Projects Agency—Energy (ARPA-E) program, the Title XVII Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program, the Advanced Technology Vehicle Manufacturing Loan Program, and the Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee Program. ARPA-E elimination facilitates opportunities to integrate the positive aspects of ARPA-E into DOE’s applied energy research programs including through changes to the implementation of the Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer (SBIR/STTR) program. Loan programs are eliminated because the private sector is better positioned to finance deployment of commercially viable projects. To further achieve fiscal discipline and reduce taxpayer risk, the request proposes to repeal the Western Area Power Administration’s (WAPA) borrowing authority that finances the construction of electricity transmission projects. Investments in transmission assets are best carried out by the private sector with appropriate market and regulatory incentives.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill funds ARPA-E at $435M, increasing funding $10M over FY 2020 enacted. The bill also maintains FY 2020 funding levels for the Loan Guarantee Programs, providing $29M for the Title 17 Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program, $5M for the Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing, and $10.5M for the Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee programs. Finally, the bill retains WAPA’s borrowing authority.

Promoting Energy Independence

Recognizing that the U.S. has among the most abundant and diverse energy resources in the world, including oil, gas, coal, nuclear, and renewables, the FY 2021 Budget Request supports a variety of efforts that emphasize and strengthen that unique advantage, including establishing a uranium reserve, to promote energy independence. The Budget provides $3.6B for energy and related programs and funds basic research while continuing the Administration’s support of early- stage applied R&D, and targeted later-stage R&D to address unique challenges. DOE is committed to supporting energy initiatives that will attract investments, safeguard the environment, and strengthen energy security.

Highlights include:

• $719.6M for EERE prioritizing core lab activities, particularly in renewables and energy efficiency. The Budget also maintains funding at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. EERE invests in early- stage research to spur private-sector research, development, and commercialization of critical energy technologies such as: sustainable transportation technologies to increase fuel diversity and improve efficiency across the transportation sector ($161M); renewable power generation technologies to compete with other electricity sources without subsidies ($160M); and energy efficiency to improve affordability, energy productivity, and resiliency of homes, buildings, and manufacturing sectors ($164M). The Budget invests in the Plastics Innovation Challenge and continues to support AESI in support of ESGC, HEMI, CMI, and other cross- cutting activities. The Budget divests from Weatherization and State Energy subprograms which are more appropriately funded at the state level.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill includes a net appropriation of $2.85B for EERE, which is $58 million above the FY 2020 enacted level and $2.1 billion above the FY 2021 request. This funding provides for clean, affordable, and secure energy and supports American leadership in the transition to a global clean energy economy. The bill rejects the Administration’s proposal to eliminate the Weatherization Assistance Program and provides $310M for the program

EnergyFY 2021

Energy Programs:	$M
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy	720
* Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response	185
* Electricity	195
* Nuclear Energy	1,180
* Interim Storage and Nuclear Waste Fund Oversight	28
* Uranium Reserve	150
* Fossil Energy Research and Development	731
* Petroleum Reserves	200
* Energy Information Administration	129
* Indian Energy	8
* Power Marketing Administrations	79
Energy Total	3,603

• $184.6M for Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response (CESER) to invest in an all hazards approach to energy- sector cybersecurity. The Budget supports development of capabilities to identify, prevent, protect against, mitigate, and respond to cybersecurity threats during an emergency event that pose risk to energy delivery operations. The Budget funds R&D, public and private-sector partnerships, and emergency preparedness and response.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill includes a net appropriation of $160M for CESER. This is an increase of $4 million above the FY 2020 enacted level and is $24M below the request. This funding provides for efforts to secure the nation’s energy infrastructure against all hazards, reduce the risks of and impacts from cybersecurity events, and assist with restoration activities, including not less than $90M for the Grid Modernization Initiative.

• $195M for the Office of Electricity to support the mission of secure and resilient sources of electricity. The investment addresses the challenges of increased threats to energy infrastructure, increased demand, changes in supply mix and location of the Nation’s generation portfolio, and increased variability and uncertainty of supply and demand. The Budget will support four priorities: develop and implement an integrated North American Energy Resiliency Model; pursue a megawatt-scale storage; revolutionize sensing technology; and pursue transmission permitting and technical assistance.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill includes $195 million for the Office of Electricity, which is an increase of $5 million above the FY 2020 enacted level and flat with the budget request. This funding will advance technologies to increase the resiliency and efficiency of the nation’s electricity delivery system with capabilities to incorporate growing amounts of clean energy technologies. For the Grid Modernization Initiative, the bill requires not less than $172M. The bill also includes $15.5M for the Grid Storage Launchpad.

• $1.2B for Office of Nuclear Energy to fund a diverse set of programs to advance nuclear energy technologies that are critical to the Nation’s energy mix. The Budget supports early-stage R&D and targeted later-stage R&D to address unique challenges. The Budget provides for the Reactor Concepts R&D, Fuel Cycle R&D, and Nuclear Energy Enabling Technologies as critical laboratory infrastructure and safeguards needed to support nuclear energy R&D. Of the $1.2B, $295M is for the Versatile Test Reactor (VTR) project, one of the Department’s highest priorities. The VTR is a first-of-a-kind fast reactor that would assist the private sector to develop and demonstrate new energy technologies. The Budget request reinforces the Administration’s commitment to re-energize the U.S. nuclear sector with funds to support design and construction of the VTR.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill includes$1.43b for Nuclear Energy, which is $60M below the FY 2020 enacted level and $250M above the request. The bill supports the development of next generation nuclear reactors and improving the safety and economic viability of the current reactor fleet. The Department is directed to continue allocating up to 20 percent of funds appropriated to Nuclear Energy Research and Development programs and fund university-led research and development. Within available funds, the recommendation also provides $10M to support new or previously awarded hydrogen demonstration project in the Light Water Reactor Sustainability program within Reactor Concepts Research, Development and Demonstration. The Committee continued to include additional control points established in the FY 2020 enacted bill.

• $27.5M for the Interim Storage and Nuclear Waste Fund Oversight program to fund the development and implementation of a robust interim storage program, DOE’s fiduciary responsibility for Yucca Mountain, and oversight of the Nuclear Waste Fund. Coupled with DOE’s funding for storage, transportation, and disposal R&D, the Budget supports the development of a durable, predictable yet flexible plan that addresses more efficiently storing waste temporarily in the near term, followed by permanent disposal, and the Administration will establish an interagency working group to develop this plan in consultation with States.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill includes $27.5M for interim storage of nuclear waste and oversight of the Nuclear Waste fund. No funds were provided for this purpose in the FY 2020 enacted bill. The FY 2021 HEWD bill directs the Department to move forward under existing authority to identify a site for a federal interim storage facility. The Department is further directed to use a consent- based approach.

• $150M to establish a Uranium Reserve that provides assurance of availability of uranium in the event of a market disruption and supports strategic U.S. fuel cycle capabilities. This action addresses the immediate challenge to the production of domestic uranium and reflects the Administration’s Nuclear Fuel Working Group priorities.

House Action: No funding was provided in the FY 2021 HEWD bill for the establishment of a Uranium Reserve and no funds can be spent on activities related to the establishment of a Uranium Reserve other than the development of a required plan. The committee asked that a plan include the legal authorities in place or needed to establish and operate a uranium reserve, including the purchase, conversion, and sale of uranium; a ten-year implementation plan of the activities for establishment and operations of a uranium reserve; and a ten-year cost estimate.

• $730.6M for Fossil Energy R&D to conduct research that supports the clean, affordable, and efficient use of domestic fossil energy resources. The program funds early-stage R&D with academia, National Laboratories, and the private sector to generate knowledge that industry can use to develop new products and processes. Funding is also provided to support competitive awards with industry, National Laboratories and academia focused on innovative early-stage R&D to improve the reliability, availability, efficiency, and environmental performance of advanced fossil-based power systems.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $727.5M for Fossil Energy, which is $22.5M below the FY 2020 enacted level and $3.1M below the request. The funding provides for research, development, and demonstration activities for the safe, efficient, and environmentally sound use of fossil energy resources. The committee encouraged the Department to continue to support the Clean Energy Research Consortium and recognized continue investment in research and development of unconventional fossil energy technologies.

• $200M net amount for the Office of Petroleum Reserves, with $187M for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR). The SPR provides strategic and economic security against potential interruptions in U.S. petroleum supplies. The Budget supports the programs operational readiness and drawdown capabilities. Consistent with prior budget requests, the Administration is re- proposing the sale and closure of the Northeast Gasoline Supply Reserve (NGSR), which has not been used since establishment. Proceeds from the sale from the NGSR will be contributed to deficit reduction. Additionally, the Department is proposing to close the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve which has also never been used for intended purposed and is not a good use of taxpayer funds. The Budget further proposes a sale of 15 million barrels of SPR crude oil to raise funds for other Departmental priorities, including $242M needed to fund the completion of remediation work at the NPR-1 site. The Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves will be funded at $13M.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill includes $202.5M for the Strategic Petroleum Reserve and Account, which is $2.5M below FY 2020 enacted and $15M above the request. Of these funds, $195M is included for the SPR. The recommendation includes funding to address facilities development and operations, including physical security and cavern integrity. The recommendation provides $20M to maintain 1 million barrels of gasoline blendstock in the Northeast Gasoline Supply Reserve.

• $128.7M for the Energy Information Administration (EIA) to continue supporting the collection, analysis, and dissemination of independent and impartial energy information and analysis to promote sound policymaking, efficient markets, and public understanding. EIA will also begin a multi-year effort to modernize energy modeling capabilities. Expected benefits include greater agility in EIA’s modeling system to address key current and emerging trends. The Budget also supports EIA to continue planned cybersecurity initiatives to bolster information security.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $126.8M for the Energy Information Administration, which is flat with FY 2020 enacted and $1.9M below the budget request. The bill encourages additional data collection on light-emitting diode bulbs, commercial building codes, and electric transmission.

• $8M for the Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs for energy development and deployment on Indian lands, reduction of energy costs, assistance in economic development, and electrification in tribal communities where unemployment and poverty rates far exceed national averages.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $22.25M for Indian Energy, which is $250K above FY 2020 enacted and $14.25M above the budget request. Consistent with prior years, the increased funding is intended to provide financial assistance for Indian country grants toward energy development and electrification, and provide technical assistance to overcome barriers to energy project development on tribal land.

• $78.6M for the four Power Marketing Administrations (PMA) to sell electricity primarily generated by federally owned hydropower projects to public entities and electric cooperatives. The Budget again proposes to repeal WAPA’s borrowing authority that finances the construction of electricity transmission projects. Investments in transmission assets are best carried out by the private sector with appropriate market and regulatory incentives that support resiliency and reliability. The Request again proposes to sell the transmission assets owned and operated by the PMAs, and authorize the PMAs to charge rates comparable to those charged by for-profit investor owned utilities. Reducing the government’s role in electricity transmission infrastructure ownership, and introducing market-based incentives for power sales from Federal dams would encourage an efficient allocation of economic resources and mitigate risk to taxpayers.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $100M for the PMAs. The difference between this mark, and the FY 2020 enacted level of $78M and the FY 2021 budget request level of $78.6M has to do with a scoring issue related to the Colorado River Basin.

Progressing Scientific Research

The FY 2021 Budget Request includes $5.9B to progress scientific research continuing U.S. dominance in research and science. The Budget funds the science mission by focusing on early- stage research, operating the national laboratories, and continuing high priority construction projects. The Budget includes ongoing investments for exascale and QIS for creating new ways of processing and analyzing information.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $7.05B for the Office of Science, an increase of $50M above the FY 2020 enacted level and $1.2 billion above the request. Primary increases above the Request in FY 2021 HEWD mark focus on facilities and infrastructure, and line items, including:

• Basic Energy Sciences, $2.24B;
• Fusion Energy Sciences, $680M including a $260M for the U.S. contribution to the ITER project;
• High Energy Physics, $1.05B; and
• Science Laboratories Infrastructure, $68.75M.

The FY 2021 HEWD mark also includes increases for research in specific areas, including exascale computing, the Innovation Network for Fusion Energy (INFUSE) R&D program; and Electron Ion Collider research.

The FY 2021 HEWD bill supports the Office of Science’s coordinated and focused research program in quantum information science and technology. The recommendation provides $235M for quantum information science, including not less than $120M for research and not less than $100M for up to five National Quantum Information Science Research Centers.

President’s Budget Highlights include:

• $988M for Advanced Scientific Computing Research (ASCR) to strengthen U.S. leadership in strategic computing, the foundations of AI and QIS, and the infrastructure that supports and facilitates data-driven science. To meet SC’s high performance computing mission for the exascale project, the Budget prioritizes basic research in Applied Mathematics and Computer Science with emphasis on the challenges of data intensive science, including AI and machine learning, and computing technologies. The Budget increases support for ASCR’s Computational Partnerships focusing on developing partnerships in quantum computing and data intensive applications, and new partnerships in exascale and data infrastructure. The Budget also provides support for ASCR user facilities operations to support the availability of high performance computing, data, and networking to the scientific community.
• $1.9B for Basic Energy Sciences (BES) to support fundamental research to understand, predict, and ultimately control matter and energy at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels providing foundations for new energy technologies, to mitigate the environmental impact of energy use. BES supports DOE missions in energy, environment, and national security. DOE aims to better understand the physical world and harness nature to benefit people and society. Specifically, funds provide for exascale computing, QIS, and operation of user facilities. The Budget will continue ongoing construction projects and fund a new construction project, the Cryomodule Repair and Maintenance Facility.
• $516.9M for Biological and Environmental Research (BER) to support fundamental research to understand complex biological, biogeochemical, and physical principles of natural systems at scales extending from the genome of microbes and plants to the environmental and ecological processes at the scale of the planet Earth. The Budget supports research in biological systems science, earth and environmental systems science, and new efforts in translating biodesign rules to functional properties of novel biological polymers. The Budget continues operation of the three BER scientific user facilities: the Joint Genome Institute, the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Research Facility, and the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory.
• $425.1M for the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences (FES) for research to develop a fusion energy source and to understand matter at very high temperatures and densities. Fusion energy is a carbon-free energy source with enormous potential, such as combatting climate change, serving as a vast energy source, providing economic benefits, and promoting national security. The Budget continues to support research and facility operations, including research at international facilities with unique capabilities, research in QIS, and research in high-density laboratory plasma science. Funding for facilities operations includes DIII-D for magnetic fusion, the National Spherical Torus Experiment Upgrade facility repairs, and upgrades at the Matter in Extreme Conditions Petawatt facility project. The Budget also funds the U.S. in- kind hardware contribution for the ITER international research project.
• $818.1M for High Energy Physics (HEP) for research to understand how the universe works at the most fundamental level by discovering the most elementary constituents of matter and energy, probing the interactions among these, and exploring the basic nature of space and time. HEP underpins and advances DOE mission and objectives through this research. The Budget funds core research activities including QIS, AI, exascale computing, and next-generation microelectronics. The Budget further funds the Accelerator Traineeship Program to expand workforce development in advanced technology and HEP facilities.
• $653.2M for Nuclear Physics to support research to discover, explore, and understand all forms of nuclear matter. The Budget funds world class nuclear physics, QIS, the DOE Isotope program. The Budget also supports new initiatives in AI and Strategic Accelerator R&D in relationship to nuclear physics.
• $20.5M for Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists to provide for a sustained pipeline of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professionals to meet current and future national goals and objectives. Maintaining U.S. leadership requires specialized computer scientists and applied mathematicians to develop supercomputing methods to solve real world problems today and develop technology of the future. The Budget funds programs that place highly qualified applicants in authentic STEM learning and training opportunities at DOE laboratories, as well as supports the National Science Bowl® competition.
• $174.1M for Science Laboratories Infrastructure to sustain mission-ready infrastructure and safe and environmentally responsible operations by providing the infrastructure necessary to support leading edge research at ten national science laboratories. The Budget funds the new and ongoing construction projects that will address inadequate core infrastructure and utility needs.

The Budget funds $5M for operations of the Artificial Intelligence and Technology Office (AITO). AI is a foundational technology that is transformational and will affect decades of innovation. AITO leads Department-wide efforts to evaluate the scope and effectiveness of DOE’s AI programs and identify gaps not addressed by programs, functional offices, sites, or associated National Laboratories. AITO is uniquely situated to develop and lead collaborative solutions across the Department that are consistent with the Secretary’s priorities and objectives. The office will also be instrumental in supporting the Administration’s Industries of the Future Initiative.

House Action: the FY 2021 House bill zeroes out funding for AITO and recommends that unused FY 2020 carryover funds be used to close out activities in this office.

The Budget funds $12.6M for the Office of Technology Transitions to support ongoing activities, including the Technology Commercialization Fund, Lab Partnering Service, Energy I-Corps, and Innovation XLab summits. The Budget will fully implement the Empowering Novel American Businesses with Laboratory Embedding competition.

House Action: The House bill provides $5M above the Budget Request for Office of Technology Transitions for a competitive funding opportunity for incubators building energy innovation clusters.

Protecting The Nation

Environmental Management

The Department must continue to manage nuclear waste in all forms including some of the most dangerous materials known. The FY 2021 Budget Request includes $6.1B for environmental management to continue cleanup resulting from six decades of nuclear weapons development and production and Government-sponsored nuclear energy research. Funds will support cleanup of millions of gallons of liquid radioactive waste and thousands of tons of spent nuclear fuel and nuclear materials. DOE will dispose of large volumes of transuranic and mixed/low-level waste, and huge quantities of contaminated soil and water. To date, the Office of Environmental Management (EM) has completed cleanup activities at 91 sites in 30 states and in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. EM is responsible for cleanup at 16 remaining sites in 11 states.

House Action: The bill provides $7.46B, an increase of $1.4B above the request. This funding is used for nuclear cleanup work at 16 sites across the country. This includes:

• Non-Defense Environmental Cleanup – $315M, a decrease of $4.2M below FY 2020 enacted, and an increase of $39M above the Budget Request.
• Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning – $821.6M, an increase of $15M above the Budget Request.
• Defense Environmental Cleanup – $6.3B, an increase of $66M above FY 2020 enacted and $1.3B above the Budget Request.

While the Budget Request for the Office of Environmental Management (EM) included increases at some sites, the FY 2021 HEWD report noted that those increases were at the expense of other important cleanup activities at sites, including Hanford, Idaho, and Oak Ridge. The FY 2021 HEWD bill continues to sustain the momentum of ongoing cleanup activities across all Department cleanup sites.

FY 2021 Budget Request Highlights include:

• $1.7B to support the Liquid Waste Program at Savannah River Site (SRS) to achieve additional risk reduction by stabilization and immobilization of high activity radionuclides through vitrification into canisters at the Defense Waste Processing Facility and disposition of decontaminated salt waste in Saltstone Disposal Units. The Request supports continuing construction of Saltstone Disposal Units. The Salt Waste Processing Facility is poised to start in FY 2020 and in FY 2021 will begin 24-7 operations. The Budget also includes $25M for the design and construction of the Advanced Manufacturing Collaborative Facility.
• $1.3B for the Office of River Protection to safely manage and treat approximately 56 million gallons of radioactive liquid and chemical waste currently stored in 177 underground storage tanks at Hanford. The Budget supports construction, start up, and commissioning of facilities that are integral to begin treating Hanford low-activity tank waste by December 2023 as required by the 2016 Amended Consent Decree.
• $655M for the Richland site to support continued achievement of important progress required by the Tri-Party Agreement for cleanup activities other than tank waste managed by the Office of River Protection. The Budget will maintain safe operations, provide Hanford site-wide services, and conduct critical site infrastructure projects, as well as startup preparation activities for the Integrated Disposal Facility to support Direct Feed Low Activity Waste commissioning and startup.
• $491M for the decontamination and decommissioning of the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant facilities, including construction and design of on-site waste disposal facilities.
• $432M for cleanup activities at the Oak Ridge site, including continued slab and soil remediation at the East Tennessee Technology Park, mercury characterization and remediation technologies, planning for construction of the mercury treatment facility at the Y-12 National Security Complex, as well as continued design for the On-Site Disposal Facility to support Y-12 National Security Complex and Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
• $390M to safely continue waste emplacement at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, the Nation’s only mined geologic repository for permanent disposal of defense-generated transuranic waste, including $50M for continued progress on the utility shaft project to increase underground airflow for simultaneous mining and waste emplacement operations, as well as $10M to begin the Hoisting Capability Project.
• $271M to continue cleanup at the Idaho site. The Budget supports Integrated Waste Treatment operations and additional treated sodium bearing waste storage capacity, supports completing buried waste exhumation activities, and continued progress in characterizing, packing, and shipping stored contact-handled and remote handled transuranic waste, as well as spent nuclear fuel activities in order to meet the Idaho Settlement Agreement milestone for 2023.
• $282M for the Paducah site to continue environmental remediation and further stabilize the gaseous diffusion plant.
• $120M to continue focus on surface and groundwater management at Los Alamos National Lab (LANL). The Budget also continues activities to control migration of a hexavalent chromium plume beneath Montana and Sandia Canyons. DOE will plan and execute retrieval and repackaging of the below-grade transuranic waste.

Legacy Management

• The Budget provides $317M for Legacy Management (LM) to support long-term activities, administer an interagency agreement addressing abandoned defense related uranium mines, execute the Department’s Uranium Leasing Program, develop applied studies and technology to reduce scope and costs, and close the Grand Junction, Colorado Disposal Site.
• The Budget also includes $150M to support and expand the Reform Proposal to consolidate funding for the administration for Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program under LM.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $167M for LM, which is $5M above the FY 2020 enacted level and $150M below the FY 2020 Budget Request. The House did not authorize a move of Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program activities from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to LM.

National Nuclear Security Administration

NNSA is responsible for maintaining a safe, secure, and effective nuclear weapons stockpile that preserves a credible nuclear deterrent in the return of great power competition, for preventing, countering, and responding to evolving and emerging nuclear proliferation and terrorism threats. NNSA also provides safe, reliable, and long- term nuclear propulsion to the Nation’s Navy as it protects American and allied interests around the world.

To support these activities the Budget proposes

• $19.8B for NNSA. Consistent with the nation’s nuclear deterrence mission and the policy set forth in the 2018 Nuclear Posture Review (NPR), the Budget invests in the security and safety of the Nation by maintaining a safe, secure, and effective nuclear weapons stockpile; reducing global nuclear threats and keeping material out of the hands of terrorists; strengthening key science, technology, and engineering capabilities; providing safe and effective integrated nuclear propulsion systems for the U.S. Navy; and modernizing the national security infrastructure as well as funding for staff critical to carry out the NNSA mission.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $18B for NNSA, a decrease of $1.7B below the request and $1.3B above the FY 2020 Enacted levels for the activities required to support the nuclear security complex. The bill prohibits funding for nuclear weapons testing.

Funding in the FY 2021 HEWD bill includes:

• Weapons Activities – $13.7B, an increase of $1.2B above FY 2020 Enacted, and $1.94B below the FY 2021 Budget Request.
• Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation - $2.2B, an increase of $75M over FY 2020 enacted, and $209M above the Budget Request.
• Naval Reactors - $1.7B, which is an increase of

$35M above FY 2020 enacted, and flat with the FY 2021 Budget Request.

• Federal Salaries and Expenses - $454M, which is

$19.3M above FY 2020 enacted, and flat with the FY 2021 Budget Request.

FY 2021 Budget Request Highlights include:

• $15.6B for Weapons Activities to maintain the safety, security, and effectiveness of the nuclear stockpile, continue the nuclear modernization program, and modernize and recapitalize NNSA’s nuclear security infrastructure portfolio in alignment with the NPR.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $13.7B for Weapons Activities. The bill partially adopts a new structure for Weapons Activities that replaces work funded within Directed Stockpile Work and Research, Development, Test and Evaluation with three new elements: Stockpile Management; Production Modernization; and Stockpile Research, Technology, and Engineering. The FY 2021 HEWD bill directs NNSA to provide a classified integrated priorities report (IPR) for Weapons Activities each year with the budget request, beginning with the fiscal year 2022 budget request. The purpose is to provide an integrated look at the priorities, assumptions, and risks underpinning the budget request and the Future Years Nuclear Security Program, and to delineate changes from the prior year.

• $4.3B for Stockpile Management to support stockpile sustainment, dismantlement, and modernization of the nuclear weapons program. The Budget funds sustainment of the current stockpile, major warhead modernization efforts, safe and secure dismantlement of weapons, and production operations.

House Action: In the FY 2021 HEWD bill, no funding is provided for the W93 and directed that no funding shall be spent on this activity. The Committee also determined that the W87-1 Modification Program requires close synchronization with the NNSA’s primary capability and non-nuclear modernization efforts, which carry significant risk; and directed that quarterly briefings be provided on the status, scope, and cost of the program, beginning not later than 90 days after enactment of the Act.

• $2.5B for Production Modernization to support strategic materials production capabilities for nuclear weapons, including primaries, canned subassemblies, radiation cases and non-nuclear components needed to sustain the nuclear stockpile near- to long-term. The Budget funds equipment, facilities, and personnel required to reestablish the Nation’s ability to produce pits with the goal of producing 80 pits per year by 2030 at LANL and SRS.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill includes $1.9 billion for Plutonium Modernization, $599 million below the request.

• $2.8B for Stockpile Research, Technology, and Engineering to provide the scientific foundation for science-based stockpile decisions and actions, including the capabilities, tools, and components enabling assessment of the active stockpile and certification of warhead modernization programs. The Budget for FY 2021 supports the continued implementation of the Enhanced Capabilities for Subcritical Experiments (ECSE). Funding includes $235M for activities and research leading to deployment of exascale capability for national security applications. This includes $85.5M for a multi-year non-recurring engineering collaboration focusing on advanced system engineering efforts and software technologies to make the 2023 exascale system a capable and productive computing resource for the Stockpile Stewardship Program.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill includes $2.7 billion for Stockpile Research, Technology, and Engineering, $122 million below the request.

• $4.4B for Infrastructure and Operations to continue the long-term effort to modernize NNSA infrastructure, improve working conditions of NNSA’s deteriorating facilities and equipment, and address safety and programmatic risks.

The Request includes increased funding for the construction of the Uranium Processing Facility project and design of the Lithium Processing Facility at Y-12 and the Tritium Finishing Facility at SRS. The Budget also continues construction of the Chemistry and Metallurgical Research Replacement project to sustain plutonium science activities.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill includes $3.4 billion for Infrastructure and Operations, $1.0 billion below the request.

• $2B for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation to address nuclear threats by preventing the unwanted acquisition of  nuclear  weapons or weapons-usable materials, countering efforts to acquire such weapons or materials, and responding to nuclear or radiological incidents. The Budget supports design, long lead procurements, and site preparation for the Surplus Plutonium Disposition project, increases funding for nuclear forensics, and continues support of non-Highly Enriched Uranium-based Molybdenum-99 production facilities in the U.S.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill includes $3.4B for Infrastructure and Operations, $1B below the request.

• $1.7B for Naval Reactors to continue funding for delivery of the reactor core for the Columbia-class submarine and refueling of the S8G prototype reactor. The Request also supports recapitalizing the capability to handle naval spent nuclear fuel and continued work for the fleet remains the most advanced, well-maintained, and capable nuclear fleet in the world.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $1.65B for Infrastructure and Operations, which is $35M above FY 2020 enacted and flat with the FY 2021 Budget Request.

Cybersecurity

Cyberattacks pose an increasing threat to the Nation’s energy infrastructure. Recognizing the seriousness of the threat against critical infrastructure, the Budget supports increased funding for cyber and energy security initiatives. DOE will improve energy infrastructure security by addressing the emerging threats of tomorrow while protecting the reliable flow of energy to Americans today. The Budget includes $158.8M in program office budgets to support improved energy- sector cybersecurity, in addition to $375M for the information technology and cybersecurity of NNSA.

Other Defense Activities

The FY 2021 Budget Request provides $1.1B to support defense activities conducted by the Department including $317M for LM. These include Environment, Health, Safety and Security, Enterprise Assessments, Specialized Security Activities, Hearings and Appeals, and Defense Related Administrative Support (DRAS). Funding from DRAS is used to offset administrative expenses for work supporting defense-oriented activities.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $942M for Other Defense Activities, which is $36M above FY 2020 enacted and $313M above the FY 2021 Budget Request.

Administration And Oversight

The FY 2021 Budget Request includes $215M for Administration and Oversight activities, including Departmental Administration (DA), International Affairs, the Office of the Inspector General, and offsets.

Highlights include:

• $123.5M for DA to fund management and mission support organizations that have enterprise-wide responsibility for administration, accounting, budgeting, contract and project management, human resources, congressional and intergovernmental liaison, energy policy, information management, life-cycle asset management, legal services, workforce diversity and equal employment opportunity, ombudsman services, small business advocacy, sustainability, and public affairs. In January 2020, the Secretary of Energy announced that the Office of Policy will be restructured to the Office of Strategic Planning and Policy (OSPP). OSPP will become a direct report to the Office of the Secretary for a more efficient and effective approach to the analysis, formulation, development, and advancement of all policy across the Department.

• $33M for International Affairs (IA) to coordinate the Department’s international work and promote global market opportunities for U.S. energy companies and technology exports.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides $27M for International Affairs, which is $175K above FY 2020 enacted and $6M below the Budget Request.

• $58M for Office of the Inspector General to review the integrity, economy, and efficiency of DOE programs and operations, including NNSA and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill provides the full request, which is $3.5M above FY 2020 enacted.

• -$722M in savings and receipts including from the sale of the NEHHOR (-$75M), sale of oil from SPR and gasoline from the NGSR (-$589M), and savings from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission fees and recoveries in excess of annual appropriations (-$9M).

House Action: The FY 2021 HEWD bill rejects the proposed elimination of the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve and instead provides $10,000,000 to maintain the reserve.

Conclusion

The Department of Energy FY 2021 President’s Budget Request provides for America’s future by promoting energy independence, progressing scientific research, and protecting the Nation.

The Budget demonstrates fiscal discipline and commitment to an efficient and effective Federal government. To that end, DOE will focus spending in areas with the highest return on investment of tax payer dollars. Achieving goals established in the Request requires an exceptional workforce. The Department will invest in the workforce by attracting, training, and retaining the Nation’s best talent. The Budget supports the critical role the Department of Energy has in energy independence and dominance, economic growth, and the safety and security of the Nation. The Department appreciates the support of Congress and looks forward to continuing to work together.

Appropriation Summary FY 2021

(Dollars in Thousands)

Department of Energy Budget by Appropriation	FY 2019 Enacted	FY 2020 Enacted	FY 2021 Request	FY 2021 Request vs. FY 2020 Enacted
				$	%
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy	2,379,000	2,777,277	719,563	-2,057,714	-74.09%
Electricity	156,000	190,000	195,045	5,045	2.66%
Cybersecurity, Energy Security and Emergency Response	120,000	156,000	184,621	28,621	18.35%
Nuclear Energy*	1,180,000	1,340,000	1,042,131	-297,869	-22.23%
Uranium Reserve	0	0	150,000	150,000	0.00%
Interim Storage and Nuclear Waste Fund Oversight	0	0	27,500	27,500	0.00%
Fossil Energy Research and Development	740,000	750,000	730,601	-19,399	-2.59%
Strategic Petroleum Reserve	235,000	195,000	187,081	-7,919	-4.06%
Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserve	10,000	14,000	13,006	-994	-7.10%
Strategic Petroleum Reserve Petroleum Account	10,000	10,000	0	-10,000	-100.00%
Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve	10,000	10,000	0	-10,000	-100.00%
Total, Fossil Energy Petroleum Reserve Accounts	265,000	229,000	200,087	-28,913	-12.63%
Total, Fossil Energy Programs	1,005,000	979,000	930,688	-48,312	-4.93%
Uranium Enrichment Decontamination and Decommissioning (D&D) Fund	841,129	881,000	806,244	-74,756	-8.49%
Energy Information Administration	125,000	126,800	128,710	1,910	1.51%
Non-Defense Environmental Cleanup	310,000	319,200	275,820	-43,380	-13.59%
Science	6,585,000	7,000,000	5,837,806	-1,162,194	-16.60%
Artificial Intelligence Technology Office	0	0	4,912	4,912	0.00%
Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy	366,000	425,000	-310,744	-735,744	-173.12%

Department of Energy Budget by Appropriation	FY 2019 Enacted	FY 2020 Enacted	FY 2021 Request	FY 2021 Request vs. FY 2020 Enacted
				$	%
Departmental Administration	165,858	161,000	136,094	-24,906	-15.47%
Indian Energy Policy and Programs	18,000	22,000	8,005	-13,995	-63.61%
Inspector General	51,330	54,215	57,739	3,524	6.50%
International Affairs	0	0	32,959	32,959	0.00%
Title 17 Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program	12,311	29,000	-160,659	-189,659	-654.00%
Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program	5,000	5,000	0	-5,000	-100.00%
Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee Program	1,000	2,000	-8,500	-10,500	-525.00%
Total, Credit Programs	18,311	36,000	-169,159	-205,159	-569.89%
Total, Energy Programs	13,320,628	14,467,492	10,057,934	-4,409,558	-30.48%
Federal Salaries and Expenses	410,000	434,699	454,000	19,301	4.44%
Weapons Activities	11,100,000	12,457,097	15,602,000	3,144,903	25.25%
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation	1,930,000	2,164,400	2,031,000	-133,400	-6.16%
Naval Reactors*	1,788,618	1,648,396	1,684,000	35,604	2.16%
Total, National Nuclear Security Administration	15,228,618	16,704,592	19,771,000	3,066,408	18.36%
Defense Environmental Cleanup	6,024,000	6,255,000	4,983,608	-1,271,392	-20.33%
Nuclear Energy	146,090	153,408	137,800	-15,608	-10.17%
Other Defense Programs	860,292	906,000	1,054,727	148,727	16.42%
Total, Environmental and Other Defense Activities	7,030,382	7,314,408	6,176,135	-1,138,273	-15.56%
Total, Atomic Energy Defense Activities	22,259,000	24,019,000	25,947,135	1,928,135	8.03%
Southwestern Power Administration	10,400	10,400	10,400	0	0.00%
Western Area Power Administration	89,372	89,196	89,372	176	0.20%
Falcon and Amistad Operating and Maintenance Fund	228	228	228	0	0.00%
Colorado River Basins Power Marketing Fund	0	-42,800	-21,400	21,400	-50.00%
Total, Power Marketing Administrations	100,000	57,024	78,600	21,576	37.84%
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission	0	-16,000	0	16,000	-100.00%
Total, Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies	35,656,628	38,527,516	36,083,669	-2,443,847	-6.34%
Excess Fees and Recoveries, FERC	-16,000	0	-9,000	-9,000	0.00%
Title XVII Loan Guarantee Program Section 1703 Negative Credit Subsidy Receipt	-107,000	-15,000	-49,000	-34,000	226.67%
Sale of Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve	0	0	-75,000	-75,000	0.00%
Sale of Oil from Strategic Petroleum Reserve	0	0	-589,000	-589,000	0.00%
Total, Funding by Appropriation	35,533,628	38,512,516	35,361,669	-3,150,847	-8.18%
DOE Budget Function	35,533,628	38,512,516	35,361,669	-3,150,847	-8.18%
NNSA Defense (050) Total	15,228,618	16,704,592	19,771,000	3,066,408	18.36%
Non-NNSA Defense (050) Total	7,030,382	7,314,408	6,176,135	-1,138,273	-15.56%
Defense (050)	22,259,000	24,019,000	25,947,135	1,928,135	8.03%
Science (250)	6,585,000	7,000,000	5,837,806	-1,162,194	-16.60%
Energy (270)	6,689,628	7,493,516	3,576,728	-3,916,788	-52.27%
Non-Defense (Non-050)	13,274,628	14,493,516	9,414,534	-5,078,982	-35.04%

* Funding does not reflect statutory transfer of funds from Naval Reactors to Nuclear Energy for maintenance and operation of the Advanced Test Reactor ($85.5M in FY19; $88.5M in FY 2020).

Includes a $50M sale from the Northeast Gasoline Supply Reserve.

Funding by Organization FY 2021

(Dollars in Thousands)

Department of Energy Budget by Organization	FY 2019 Enacted	FY 2020 Enacted	FY 2021 Request	FY 2021 Request vs. FY 2020 Enacted
				$	%
Under Secretary for Nuclear Security and National Nuclear Security Administration
Weapons Activities	11,100,000	12,457,097	15,602,000	3,144,903	25.25%
Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation	1,930,000	2,164,400	2,031,000	-133,400	-6.16%
Naval Reactors*	1,788,618	1,648,396	1,684,000	35,604	2.16%
Federal Salaries and Expenses	410,000	434,699	454,000	19,301	4.44%
Total, Under Secretary for Nuclear Security and National Nuclear Security	15,228,618	16,704,592	19,771,000	3,066,408	18.36%
Under Secretary of Energy
Energy Programs
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy	2,379,000	2,777,277	719,563	-2,057,714	-74.09%
Office of Electricity	156,000	190,000	195,045	5,045	2.66%
Power Marketing Administrations	100,000	57,024	78,600	21,576	37.84%
Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response	120,000	156,000	184,621	28,621	18.35%
Petroleum Reserves	265,000	229,000	200,087	-28,913	-12.63%
Fossil Energy Research and Development	740,000	750,000	730,601	-19,399	-2.59%
Nuclear Energy*	1,326,090	1,493,408	1,357,431	-135,977	-9.10%
Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs	18,000	22,000	8,005	-13,995	-63.61%
Office of Policy	2,510	7,000	7,631	631	9.01%
Project Management Oversight and Assessment	15,005	12,596	15,577	2,981	23.67%
Environment, Health, Safety, and Security	202,839	207,839	209,688	1,849	0.89%
Credit Programs
Title 17 Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program	12,311	29,000	-160,659	-189,659	-654.00%
Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee Program	1,000	2,000	-8,500	-10,500	-525.00%
Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing Loan Program	5,000	5,000	0	-5,000	-100.00%
Other Energy Programs
Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy	366,000	425,000	-310,744	-735,744	-173.12%
Energy Information Administration	125,000	126,800	128,710	1,910	1.51%
Under Secretary of Energy
Science	6,585,000	7,000,000	5,837,806	-1,162,194	-16.60%
Environmental Management	7,175,129	7,455,200	6,065,672	-1,389,528
Legacy Management Programs	158,877	162,029	316,993	154,964	95.64%
Office of Technology Transitions	8,505	14,080	12,639	-1,441	-10.23%
Departmental Administration (Direct Reports)
Chief Information Officer	131,624	140,200	134,778	-5,422	-3.87%
Management	55,385	54,358	57,258	2,900	5.34%
Chief Human Capital Officer	26,125	24,316	26,191	1,875	7.71%
Economic Impact and Diversity	10,169	10,169	9,931	-263	-2.34%
Office Of The Secretary	5,395	5,119	5,582	463	9.04%
Chief Financial Officer	48,912	52,000	53,591	1,591	3.06%

Department of Energy Budget by Organization	FY 2019 Enacted	FY 2020 Enacted	FY 2021 Request	FY 2021 Request vs. FY 2020 Enacted
				$	%
Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs	4,200	4,395	5,616	1,221	27.78%
Public Affairs	6,594	4,000	5,954	1,954	48.85%
General Counsel	33,075	32,575	35,111	2,536	7.79%
International Affairs	22,878	26,825	0	-26,825	-100.00%
Artificial Intelligence Technology Office	0	2,500	0	-2,500	-100.00%
Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization	3,170	3,337	3,402	65	1.95%
Strategic Partnership Projects and Revenues	-56,000	-53,378	-53,378	0	0.00%
Other Defense Activities (Direct Reports)
Office of Enterprise Assessments	76,770	78,779	81,584	2,805	3.56%
Specialized Security Activities	266,378	273,409	258,411	-14,998	-5.49%
Hearings and Appeals	3,739	4,852	4,262	-590	-12.16%
Other Departmental Offices
Artificial Intelligence Technology Office	0	0	4,912	4,912	0.00%
International Affairs	0	0	32,959	32,959	0.00%
Inspector General	51,330	54,215	57,739	3,524	6.50%
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission	-16,000	-16,000	-9,000	7,000	43.80%
Sale of Northeast Gas Reserves	0	0	-75,000	-75,000	0.00%
Sale of Oil from Strategic Petroleum Reserve	0	0	-589,000	-589,000	0.00%
Title XVII Loan Guar . Prog Section 1703 Negative Credit Subsidy Receipt	-107,000	-15,000	-49,000	-34,000	226.67%
Total, Funding by Organization	35,533,628	38,512,516	35,361,669	-3,150,847	-8.18%

* Funding does not reflect statutory transfer of funds from Naval Reactors to Nuclear Energy for maintenance and operation of the Advanced Test Reactor ($85.5M in FY19; $88.5M in FY 2020)

Appendix

Spending by Location

DOE spends money in all 50 states, in Washington, D.C., in Puerto Rico, and in U.S. territories.  These funds are spent at or through DOE’s 17 National Laboratories, cleanup sites, nuclear production facilities, and dozens of other locations across the country. Locations are detailed in these tables.

Long Term Obligations

The Department has extensive infrastructure the Department must maintain, and simultaneously continues to build new facilities and procure upgraded and new equipment. The Department is also responsible for some benefits costs of the nearly 100,000 contractors. These obligations cost nearly $10 billion a year, nearly one quarter of the annual appropriation. Long-term obligations are summarized.