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Library of Congress: Difference between revisions
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Librarian Young's successor [[Herbert Putnam]] held the office for forty years of the [[20th century]] from 1899 to 1939. Two years after he took office, the library became the first in the United States to hold one million volumes.<ref name="loc history"/> Putnam focused his efforts to make the library more accessible and useful for the public and for other libraries. He instituted the [[interlibrary loan]] service, transforming the Library of Congress into what he referred to as a "library of last resort".<ref name="interlibrary loan">{{cite web |title=Interlibrary Loan (Collections Access, Management and Loan Division, Library of Congress) |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/loan/ |date=October 25, 2007 |publisher=Library of Congress website |access-date=December 4, 2007 |archive-date=November 29, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071129021335/http://www.loc.gov/rr/loan/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Putnam also expanded library access to "scientific investigators and duly qualified individuals", and began publishing [[primary sources]] for the benefit of scholars.<ref name="loc history"/> | Librarian Young's successor [[Herbert Putnam]] held the office for forty years of the [[20th century]] from 1899 to 1939. Two years after he took office, the library became the first in the United States to hold one million volumes.<ref name="loc history"/> Putnam focused his efforts to make the library more accessible and useful for the public and for other libraries. He instituted the [[interlibrary loan]] service, transforming the Library of Congress into what he referred to as a "library of last resort".<ref name="interlibrary loan">{{cite web |title=Interlibrary Loan (Collections Access, Management and Loan Division, Library of Congress) |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/loan/ |date=October 25, 2007 |publisher=Library of Congress website |access-date=December 4, 2007 |archive-date=November 29, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071129021335/http://www.loc.gov/rr/loan/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Putnam also expanded library access to "scientific investigators and duly qualified individuals", and began publishing [[primary sources]] for the benefit of scholars.<ref name="loc history"/> | ||
During Putnam's tenure, the library broadened the diversity of its acquisitions. In 1903, Putnam persuaded President | During Putnam's tenure, the library broadened the diversity of its acquisitions. In 1903, Putnam persuaded President Theodore Roosevelt to use an executive order to transfer the papers of the [[Founding Fathers of the United States|Founding Fathers]] from the State Department to the Library of Congress. | ||
Putnam expanded foreign acquisitions as well, including the 1904 purchase of a 4,000-volume library of Indica, the 1906 purchase of G. V. Yudin's 80,000-volume Russian library, the 1908 Schatz collection of early opera [[libretto]]s, and the early 1930s purchase of the Russian Imperial Collection, consisting of 2,600 volumes from the library of the [[Romanov family]] on a variety of topics. Collections of [[Hebraica]], Chinese, and Japanese works were also acquired. On one occasion, Congress initiated an acquisition: in 1929 Congressman [[Ross Collins]] (D-Mississippi) gained approval for the library to purchase [[Otto Vollbehr]]'s collection of [[incunabula]] for $1.5 million. This collection included one of three remaining perfect [[vellum]] copies of the [[Gutenberg Bible]].<ref name="loc history"/><ref>{{cite journal |last=Snapp |first=Elizabeth |title=The Acquisition of the Vollbehr Collection of Incunabula for the Library of Congress |journal=The Journal of Library History |volume=10 |issue=2 |date=April 1975 |pages=152–161 |publisher=University of Texas Press |jstor=25540624}} (restricted access)</ref> | Putnam expanded foreign acquisitions as well, including the 1904 purchase of a 4,000-volume library of Indica, the 1906 purchase of G. V. Yudin's 80,000-volume Russian library, the 1908 Schatz collection of early opera [[libretto]]s, and the early 1930s purchase of the Russian Imperial Collection, consisting of 2,600 volumes from the library of the [[Romanov family]] on a variety of topics. Collections of [[Hebraica]], Chinese, and Japanese works were also acquired. On one occasion, Congress initiated an acquisition: in 1929 Congressman [[Ross Collins]] (D-Mississippi) gained approval for the library to purchase [[Otto Vollbehr]]'s collection of [[incunabula]] for $1.5 million. This collection included one of three remaining perfect [[vellum]] copies of the [[Gutenberg Bible]].<ref name="loc history"/><ref>{{cite journal |last=Snapp |first=Elizabeth |title=The Acquisition of the Vollbehr Collection of Incunabula for the Library of Congress |journal=The Journal of Library History |volume=10 |issue=2 |date=April 1975 |pages=152–161 |publisher=University of Texas Press |jstor=25540624}} (restricted access)</ref> | ||