CargoAdmin, Bureaucrats, Moderators (CommentStreams), fileuploaders, Interface administrators, newuser, Push subscription managers, Suppressors, Administrators
5,223
edits
President's Science Advisory Committee: Difference between revisions
m
Text replacement - "Soviet Union" to "Soviet Union"
m (1 revision imported) |
m (Text replacement - "Soviet Union" to "Soviet Union") |
||
| (2 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2019}} | {{Use mdy dates|date=September 2019}} | ||
The '''President's Science Advisory Committee''' ('''PSAC''') was created on November 21, 1957, by President of the United States | The '''President's Science Advisory Committee''' ('''PSAC''') was created on November 21, 1957, by President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower, as a direct response to the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] launching of the [[Sputnik 1]] and [[Sputnik 2]] satellites. PSAC was an upgrade and move to the White House of the Science Advisory Committee (SAC) established in 1951 by President Harry S. Truman, as part of the [[Office of Defense Mobilization]] (ODM). Its purpose was to advise the president on scientific matters in general, and those related to defense issues in particular. Eisenhower appointed [[James R. Killian]] as PSAC's first director. | ||
In 1961, President [[John F. Kennedy]] renamed the agency the '''Office of Science and Technology''' ('''OST'''). This lasted until [[Richard Nixon]]'s administration in 1973. In 1976 the [[Office of Science and Technology Policy]] was established. | In 1961, President [[John F. Kennedy]] renamed the agency the '''Office of Science and Technology''' ('''OST'''). This lasted until [[Richard Nixon]]'s administration in 1973. In 1976 the [[Office of Science and Technology Policy]] was established. | ||
| Line 39: | Line 39: | ||
== PSAC's activities == | == PSAC's activities == | ||
The committee had no operating responsibilities. Its purpose was to provide advisory opinions and analysis on science and technology matters to the entire [[Federal Government of the United States|Federal Government]] and specifically to the [[President of the United States|President]]. About one-half of the panels' studies were directed to the question of how science could support the [[United States]]' [[national security]] objectives. The creation of [[Arms Limitations and Control Panel|Arms Limitations and Control]], [[Limited Warfare Panel|Limited Warfare]], and [[Space Science Panel|Space Science]] Panels, for example, reflected the national security concerns of the committee. Two important themes common to many of the studies are the budgetary problems of funding projects, and the administration's concern over competing successfully with the | The committee had no operating responsibilities. Its purpose was to provide advisory opinions and analysis on science and technology matters to the entire [[Federal Government of the United States|Federal Government]] and specifically to the [[President of the United States|President]]. About one-half of the panels' studies were directed to the question of how science could support the [[United States]]' [[national security]] objectives. The creation of [[Arms Limitations and Control Panel|Arms Limitations and Control]], [[Limited Warfare Panel|Limited Warfare]], and [[Space Science Panel|Space Science]] Panels, for example, reflected the national security concerns of the committee. Two important themes common to many of the studies are the budgetary problems of funding projects, and the administration's concern over competing successfully with the Soviet Union in science and technology. | ||
In 1965, the PSAC environmental pollution panel issued a major report outlining water, air, and [[soil pollution]], from sewage and lead pollution to [[atmospheric carbon dioxide]].<ref name="pollution" /> | In 1965, the PSAC environmental pollution panel issued a major report outlining water, air, and [[soil pollution]], from sewage and lead pollution to [[atmospheric carbon dioxide]].<ref name="pollution" /> | ||