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{{Short description|Office of the US Department of Justice}}
{{Short description|Office of the US Department of Justice}}
{{Infobox Government agency
{{Organization
| agency_name = Executive Office for Immigration Review
|OrganizationName= Executive Office for Immigration Review
| nativename =  
|OrganizationType= Executive Departments
| seal = Seal of the Executive Office for Immigration Review.svg
|Mission= To adjudicate immigration cases by fairly, expeditiously, and uniformly interpreting and administering the Nation's immigration laws. EOIR conducts immigration court proceedings, appellate reviews, and administrative hearings to ensure justice and due process in immigration matters.
| seal_width = 175px
|OrganizationExecutive= Director
| seal_caption = Seal of the Executive Office for Immigration Review
|Employees= 1600
| logo =
|Budget= $600 million (FY 2023)
| formed = January 9, 1983
|Website= https://www.justice.gov/eoir
| jurisdiction = [[Federal government of the United States]]
|Services= Immigration court proceedings; Appellate reviews; Administrative hearings;
| headquarters = [[Bailey's Crossroads, Virginia]] ([[Falls Church, Virginia|Falls Church]] mailing address)
|ParentOrganization= U.S. Department of Justice
| employees = 3,161 (2020)<ref name=Budgetjustification>{{cite web|url = https://www.justice.gov/jmd/page/file/1143986/download |title = FY 2020 Congressional Budget Submission |publisher = Executive Office for Immigration Review |access-date=2020-02-21}}</ref>
|CreationLegislation= Created by internal reorganization in 1983
| budget = $734 million (FY 2021)<ref>{{cite web |title=Public Law 116-260 |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/133/text |website=congress.gov |publisher=United States Congress |access-date=14 February 2021}}</ref>
|Regulations= Immigration and Nationality Act
| chief6_position =  
|HeadquartersLocation= 38.886944, -77.194277
| chief7_name =
|HeadquartersAddress= 5107 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041, USA
| chief7_position =
}}The '''Executive Office for Immigration Review''' ('''EOIR''') is a sub-agency of the [[United States Department of Justice]] whose chief function is to conduct [[removal proceedings]] in immigration courts and adjudicate appeals arising from the proceedings. These [[administrative proceeding]]s determine the [[deportation|removability]] and [[wikt:admissibility|admissibility]] of individuals in the United States. {{As of|2023|1|19|df=US}}, there were sixty-eight immigration courts and three adjudication centers throughout the United States.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.justice.gov/eoir/office-of-the-chief-immigration-judge | title=Office of the Chief Immigration Judge | date=13 January 2015 }}</ref>
| chief8_name =
| chief8_position =
| chief9_name =
| chief9_position =
| parent_department =
| parent_agency = [[United States Department of Justice]]
| child1_agency = [[Board of Immigration Appeals]]
| chief1_name = David Neal<ref>{{cite web |last1=Executive Office for Immigration Review |title=Meet the Director |url=https://www.justice.gov/eoir/staff-profile/meet-the-director |website=www.justice.gov |publisher=United States Department of Justice |access-date=4 October 2021 |language=en |date=30 May 2017}}</ref>
| chief1_position = Acting Director
| chief2_name = Carl C. Risch<ref>{{cite web |last1=Executive Office for Immigration Review |title=Meet the Deputy Director |url=https://www.justice.gov/eoir/staff-profile/meet-deputy-director |website=www.justice.gov |publisher=United States Department of Justice |language=en |date=21 August 2017}}</ref>
| chief2_position = Deputy Director
| chief3_name =  
| chief3_position =
| chief4_name =
| chief4_position =
| chief5_name =
| chief5_position =
| chief6_name =
| website = {{official|https://www.justice.gov/eoir|name=Executive Office for Immigration Review}}
}}
 
The '''Executive Office for Immigration Review''' ('''EOIR''') is a sub-agency of the [[United States Department of Justice]] whose chief function is to conduct [[removal proceedings]] in immigration courts and adjudicate appeals arising from the proceedings. These [[administrative proceeding]]s determine the [[deportation|removability]] and [[wikt:admissibility|admissibility]] of individuals in the United States. {{As of|2023|1|19|df=US}}, there were sixty-eight immigration courts and three adjudication centers throughout the United States.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.justice.gov/eoir/office-of-the-chief-immigration-judge | title=Office of the Chief Immigration Judge | date=13 January 2015 }}</ref>


==History and jurisdiction==
==History and jurisdiction==
[[File:Immigration Court of Labor Dept., 5-10-26 LCCN2016850915.jpg|thumb|An immigration proceeding conducted in the Department of Labor, 1926. ]]
[[File:Immigration Court of Labor Dept., 5-10-26 LCCN2016850915.jpg|thumb|An immigration proceeding conducted in the Department of Labor, 1926. ]]
EOIR was created in 1983 by the [[United States Department of Justice|Department of Justice]] (DOJ) as part of an internal reorganization.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2013/10/02/48%20Fed%20Reg%208038%2002251983.pdf|title=48 Fed. Reg. 8038 (Feb. 25, 1983)|date=1983-02-25|website=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref> Prior to 1983, the functions performed by EOIR were divided among different agencies. The earliest version of a specialized immigration service was the [[Immigration and Naturalization Service]] (INS), created in 1933, in the [[United States Department of Labor|Department of Labor]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/eoir/evolution-pre-1983|title=Evolution of the U.S Immigration Court System: Pre-1983|date=April 30, 2015|website=U.S. Department of Justice|access-date=2020-02-21}}</ref> Seven years later, in 1940, the INS moved from Labor to its present location in the Department of Justice. Twelve years after moving to DOJ, in 1952, the [[Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952|Immigration and Nationality Act]] organized all U.S. immigration laws into one statute, and designated "special inquiry officers,"  the predecessors of immigration judges, to decide questions of deportation.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=F.H.S.|date=1956|title=The Special Inquiry Officer in Deportation Proceedings|journal=Virginia Law Review|volume=42|issue=6|pages=803–830|doi=10.2307/1070271|jstor=1070271}}</ref>
EOIR was created in 1983 by the [[United States Department of Justice|Department of Justice]] (DOJ) as part of an internal reorganization.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2013/10/02/48%20Fed%20Reg%208038%2002251983.pdf|title=48 Fed. Reg. 8038 (Feb. 25, 1983)|date=1983-02-25|website=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref> Prior to 1983, the functions performed by EOIR were divided among different agencies. The earliest version of a specialized immigration service was the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), created in 1933, in the [[United States Department of Labor|Department of Labor]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/eoir/evolution-pre-1983|title=Evolution of the U.S Immigration Court System: Pre-1983|date=April 30, 2015|website=U.S. Department of Justice|access-date=2020-02-21}}</ref> Seven years later, in 1940, the INS moved from Labor to its present location in the Department of Justice. Twelve years after moving to DOJ, in 1952, the [[Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952|Immigration and Nationality Act]] organized all U.S. immigration laws into one statute, and designated "special inquiry officers,"  the predecessors of immigration judges, to decide questions of deportation.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=F.H.S.|date=1956|title=The Special Inquiry Officer in Deportation Proceedings|journal=Virginia Law Review|volume=42|issue=6|pages=803–830|doi=10.2307/1070271|jstor=1070271}}</ref>


EOIR adjudicates cases under a patchwork of immigration laws and regulations, including:  
EOIR adjudicates cases under a patchwork of immigration laws and regulations, including:  
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