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Tennessee: Difference between revisions
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Tennessee is geographically, culturally, and legally divided into three [[Grand Divisions of Tennessee|Grand Divisions]] of [[East Tennessee|East]], [[Middle Tennessee|Middle]], and [[West Tennessee]]. [[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]] is the state's capital and largest city, and anchors its largest metropolitan area. Tennessee has diverse terrain and landforms, and from east to west, contains a mix of cultural features characteristic of [[Appalachia]], the [[Upland South]], and the [[Deep South]]. The [[Blue Ridge Mountains]] along the eastern border reach some of the highest elevations in eastern North America, and the [[Cumberland Plateau]] contains many scenic valleys and [[waterfall]]s. The central part of the state is marked by cavernous bedrock and irregular rolling hills, and level, fertile plains define West Tennessee. The state is twice bisected by the [[Tennessee River]], and the [[Mississippi River]] forms its western border. The [[Great Smoky Mountains National Park]], the nation's most visited national park, is in eastern Tennessee.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/grsm/index.htm |title=Great Smoky Mountains National Park |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=November 25, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091202145003/http://www.nps.gov/grsm/index.htm |archive-date=December 2, 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | Tennessee is geographically, culturally, and legally divided into three [[Grand Divisions of Tennessee|Grand Divisions]] of [[East Tennessee|East]], [[Middle Tennessee|Middle]], and [[West Tennessee]]. [[Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville]] is the state's capital and largest city, and anchors its largest metropolitan area. Tennessee has diverse terrain and landforms, and from east to west, contains a mix of cultural features characteristic of [[Appalachia]], the [[Upland South]], and the [[Deep South]]. The [[Blue Ridge Mountains]] along the eastern border reach some of the highest elevations in eastern North America, and the [[Cumberland Plateau]] contains many scenic valleys and [[waterfall]]s. The central part of the state is marked by cavernous bedrock and irregular rolling hills, and level, fertile plains define West Tennessee. The state is twice bisected by the [[Tennessee River]], and the [[Mississippi River]] forms its western border. The [[Great Smoky Mountains National Park]], the nation's most visited national park, is in eastern Tennessee.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/grsm/index.htm |title=Great Smoky Mountains National Park |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=November 25, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091202145003/http://www.nps.gov/grsm/index.htm |archive-date=December 2, 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
Tennessee is rooted in the [[Watauga Association]], a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the [[Appalachian Mountains]].{{sfn|Finger|2001|pp=46–47}} Its name derives from {{transl|chr|[[Tanasi]]}} ({{lang|chr|ᏔᎾᏏ}}), a [[Cherokee]] town preceding the first European American settlement.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bales|first=Stephen Lyn|date=2007|title=Natural Histories: Stories from the Tennessee Valley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aIZmfXFGydwC|location=Knoxville, TN|publisher=University of Tennessee Press|pages=85–86|isbn=978-1572335615|via=Google Books}}</ref> Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina, and later the [[Southwest Territory]], before its admission to the Union as the 16th state on June 1, 1796. It earned the nickname "The Volunteer State" due to a strong tradition of military service.<ref name=culturetrip>{{cite web |last=McCullough |first=Clay |title=Why Tennessee is Called the Volunteer State |url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/tennessee/articles/why-tennessee-is-called-the-volunteer-state/ |publisher=Culture Trip |date=April 26, 2018 |access-date=January 28, 2021}}</ref> A [[Slave states and free states|slave state]] until the American Civil War, Tennessee was politically divided, with most of its western and middle parts supporting the [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]], and most of the eastern region harboring [[Southern Unionist|pro]]- | Tennessee is rooted in the [[Watauga Association]], a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the [[Appalachian Mountains]].{{sfn|Finger|2001|pp=46–47}} Its name derives from {{transl|chr|[[Tanasi]]}} ({{lang|chr|ᏔᎾᏏ}}), a [[Cherokee]] town preceding the first European American settlement.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bales|first=Stephen Lyn|date=2007|title=Natural Histories: Stories from the Tennessee Valley|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aIZmfXFGydwC|location=Knoxville, TN|publisher=University of Tennessee Press|pages=85–86|isbn=978-1572335615|via=Google Books}}</ref> Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina, and later the [[Southwest Territory]], before its admission to the Union as the 16th state on June 1, 1796. It earned the nickname "The Volunteer State" due to a strong tradition of military service.<ref name=culturetrip>{{cite web |last=McCullough |first=Clay |title=Why Tennessee is Called the Volunteer State |url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/tennessee/articles/why-tennessee-is-called-the-volunteer-state/ |publisher=Culture Trip |date=April 26, 2018 |access-date=January 28, 2021}}</ref> A [[Slave states and free states|slave state]] until the American Civil War, Tennessee was politically divided, with most of its western and middle parts supporting the [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]], and most of the eastern region harboring [[Southern Unionist|pro]]-Union sentiment. As a result, Tennessee was the last state to officially [[Secession in the United States|secede]] from the Union and join the [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]], and the first former [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] state readmitted to the Union after the war had ended during the [[Reconstruction era]].<ref name=guide>{{cite web |url=http://www.usm.edu/armyrotc/Shiloh%20Staff%20Ride/TN%20Civil%20War%20Heritage%20Trail.pdf |title=Tennessee's Civil War Heritage Trail |publisher=The University of Southern Mississippi |access-date=November 25, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100326035703/http://www.usm.edu/armyrotc/Shiloh%20Staff%20Ride/TN%20Civil%20War%20Heritage%20Trail.pdf |archive-date=March 26, 2010}}</ref> | ||
During the 20th century, Tennessee transitioned from a predominantly agrarian society to a more diversified economy. This was aided in part by massive federal investment in the [[Tennessee Valley Authority]] (TVA) and the city of [[Oak Ridge, Tennessee|Oak Ridge]], which was established during [[World War II]] to house the [[Manhattan Project]]'s uranium enrichment facilities for the construction of the [[History of nuclear weapons|world's first atomic bombs]]. After the war, the [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]] became a key center of scientific research. The state's economy is dominated by the [[healthcare industry|health care]], [[Music of the United States#Industry and economics|music]], [[financial services|finance]], [[automotive industry in the United States|automotive]], [[chemical industry|chemical]], [[electronics industry in the United States|electronics]], and [[tourism]] sectors, and [[cattle]], [[soybean]]s, [[poultry]], [[maize|corn]], and [[cotton]] are its primary agricultural products.<ref name=homeandfarm13>{{cite web |url=https://www.tnhomeandfarm.com/agriculture/tennessees-top-five/ |title=Tennessee's Top Five|last=Bertone|first=Rachel|date=November 20, 2013|website=Tennessee Home & Farm|publisher=Tennessee Farm Bureau|access-date=<!--2021-04-09-->}}</ref> Tennessee has played a major role in the development of many forms of [[popular music]], including [[Country music|country]], [[Blues music|blues]], [[rock and roll]], [[Soul music|soul]], and [[Gospel music|gospel]]. | During the 20th century, Tennessee transitioned from a predominantly agrarian society to a more diversified economy. This was aided in part by massive federal investment in the [[Tennessee Valley Authority]] (TVA) and the city of [[Oak Ridge, Tennessee|Oak Ridge]], which was established during [[World War II]] to house the [[Manhattan Project]]'s uranium enrichment facilities for the construction of the [[History of nuclear weapons|world's first atomic bombs]]. After the war, the [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]] became a key center of scientific research. The state's economy is dominated by the [[healthcare industry|health care]], [[Music of the United States#Industry and economics|music]], [[financial services|finance]], [[automotive industry in the United States|automotive]], [[chemical industry|chemical]], [[electronics industry in the United States|electronics]], and [[tourism]] sectors, and [[cattle]], [[soybean]]s, [[poultry]], [[maize|corn]], and [[cotton]] are its primary agricultural products.<ref name=homeandfarm13>{{cite web |url=https://www.tnhomeandfarm.com/agriculture/tennessees-top-five/ |title=Tennessee's Top Five|last=Bertone|first=Rachel|date=November 20, 2013|website=Tennessee Home & Farm|publisher=Tennessee Farm Bureau|access-date=<!--2021-04-09-->}}</ref> Tennessee has played a major role in the development of many forms of [[popular music]], including [[Country music|country]], [[Blues music|blues]], [[rock and roll]], [[Soul music|soul]], and [[Gospel music|gospel]]. | ||