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Marshals Service: Difference between revisions
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Until 1965, each U.S. district court hired and administered its own marshals independently from all others. In 1965, the Executive Office for U.S. Marshals, was created as "the first organization to supervise U.S. Marshals nationwide". The United States Marshals Service, a federal agency, was created in 1969.<ref name="Archives1">{{cite web |url=https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/527.html |title=Records of the United States Marshals Service |access-date=June 9, 2010 |publisher=[[National Archives and Records Administration]] |archive-date=June 21, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621115928/http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/527.html |url-status=live }} {{cite web |url=http://www.usmarshals.gov/duties/factsheets/general-1209.html |title=''Fact Sheets: General Information'' |access-date=June 26, 2010 |publisher=U.S. Marshals Service |archive-date=May 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527151643/http://www.usmarshals.gov/duties/factsheets/general-1209.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.justice.gov/jmd/mps/manual/usms.htm |title=United States Marshals Service |date=August 13, 2007 |access-date=June 9, 2010 |publisher=[[United States Department of Justice]] |archive-date=May 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527203210/http://www.justice.gov/jmd/mps/manual/usms.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Since June 1975, the Marshals Service has the mission of providing law enforcement support and escort security to [[United States Air Force]] [[LGM-30 Minuteman]] and missile systems from military facilities.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Turk |first1=David S. |title=Forging the star : the official modern history of the United States Marshals Service |date=2016 |publisher=University of North Texas Press |location=Denton, Texas |isbn=9781574416541}}</ref> | Until 1965, each U.S. district court hired and administered its own marshals independently from all others. In 1965, the Executive Office for U.S. Marshals, was created as "the first organization to supervise U.S. Marshals nationwide". The United States Marshals Service, a federal agency, was created in 1969.<ref name="Archives1">{{cite web |url=https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/527.html |title=Records of the United States Marshals Service |access-date=June 9, 2010 |publisher=[[National Archives and Records Administration]] |archive-date=June 21, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621115928/http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/527.html |url-status=live }} {{cite web |url=http://www.usmarshals.gov/duties/factsheets/general-1209.html |title=''Fact Sheets: General Information'' |access-date=June 26, 2010 |publisher=U.S. Marshals Service |archive-date=May 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527151643/http://www.usmarshals.gov/duties/factsheets/general-1209.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.justice.gov/jmd/mps/manual/usms.htm |title=United States Marshals Service |date=August 13, 2007 |access-date=June 9, 2010 |publisher=[[United States Department of Justice]] |archive-date=May 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527203210/http://www.justice.gov/jmd/mps/manual/usms.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Since June 1975, the Marshals Service has the mission of providing law enforcement support and escort security to [[United States Air Force]] [[LGM-30 Minuteman]] and missile systems from military facilities.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Turk |first1=David S. |title=Forging the star : the official modern history of the United States Marshals Service |date=2016 |publisher=University of North Texas Press |location=Denton, Texas |isbn=9781574416541}}</ref> | ||
In 1985, the Marshals Service partnered with local Washington, D.C. law enforcement officers to create [[Operation Flagship]], arresting fugitives by using faked free tickets to a local American football game as a lure.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Emery |first=Debbie |date=2017-09-12 |title=ESPN's '30 for 30' Short 'Strike Team' Recalls How US Marshals Lured Fugitives With NFL Tickets |url=https://www.thewrap.com/espns-30-for-30-film-strike-team-recalls-how-us-marshals-lured-fugitives-with-nfl-tickets/ |access-date=2023-03-01 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301194818/https://www.thewrap.com/espns-30-for-30-film-strike-team-recalls-how-us-marshals-lured-fugitives-with-nfl-tickets/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1989, the Marshals Service was given jurisdiction over crimes committed relating to U.S. personnel in Antarctica.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usmarshals.gov/history/antarctica/ |title=U.S. Marshals make legal presence in Antarctica |access-date=January 8, 2007 |publisher=United States Marshals Service |archive-date=February 5, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205115539/http://www.usmarshals.gov/history/antarctica/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> During the [[1992 Los Angeles riots]], 200 deputy marshals of the [[Police tactical unit|tactical unit]] [[#Special Operations Group|Special Operations Group]] were dispatched to assist local and state authorities in restoring peace and order throughout [[Los Angeles County, California]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-king-case-aftermath-a-city-in-crisis-19920502-story.html |title=King case aftermath: A city in crisis |first1=Paul |last1=Lieberman |first2=Dean E. |last2=Murphy |date=May 2, 1992 |work=Los Angeles Times |url-access=subscription |access-date=February 21, 2020 |archive-date=February 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221085634/https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-king-case-aftermath-a-city-in-crisis-19920502-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In the 1990s, deputy marshals protected abortion clinics.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/02/us/marshals-sent-to-a-dozen-abortion-clinics-in-drive-to-halt-violence.html |title=Marshals Sent to a Dozen Abortion Clinics in Drive to Halt Violence |work=The New York Times |first=David |last=Johnston |date=August 2, 1994 |access-date=September 26, 2022 |archive-date=September 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926111059/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/02/us/marshals-sent-to-a-dozen-abortion-clinics-in-drive-to-halt-violence.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/08/02/us-marshals-dispatched-to-guard-abortion-clinics/80067334-dd30-4a0a-9a00-bfa438da968a/ |title=U.S. Marshals Dispatched to Guard Abortion Clinics |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |first=Pierre |last=Thomas |author-link=Pierre Thomas (journalist) |date= August 2, 1994 |access-date=September 26, 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/30/us/judge-orders-us-marshals-to-prevent-closing-of-abortion-clinics.html |title=Judge Orders U.S. Marshals to Prevent Closing of Abortion Clinics |work=The New York Times |date=July 30, 1991 |access-date=September 26, 2022 |agency= | In 1985, the Marshals Service partnered with local Washington, D.C. law enforcement officers to create [[Operation Flagship]], arresting fugitives by using faked free tickets to a local American football game as a lure.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Emery |first=Debbie |date=2017-09-12 |title=ESPN's '30 for 30' Short 'Strike Team' Recalls How US Marshals Lured Fugitives With NFL Tickets |url=https://www.thewrap.com/espns-30-for-30-film-strike-team-recalls-how-us-marshals-lured-fugitives-with-nfl-tickets/ |access-date=2023-03-01 |language=en-US |archive-date=March 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301194818/https://www.thewrap.com/espns-30-for-30-film-strike-team-recalls-how-us-marshals-lured-fugitives-with-nfl-tickets/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1989, the Marshals Service was given jurisdiction over crimes committed relating to U.S. personnel in Antarctica.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usmarshals.gov/history/antarctica/ |title=U.S. Marshals make legal presence in Antarctica |access-date=January 8, 2007 |publisher=United States Marshals Service |archive-date=February 5, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205115539/http://www.usmarshals.gov/history/antarctica/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> During the [[1992 Los Angeles riots]], 200 deputy marshals of the [[Police tactical unit|tactical unit]] [[#Special Operations Group|Special Operations Group]] were dispatched to assist local and state authorities in restoring peace and order throughout [[Los Angeles County, California]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-king-case-aftermath-a-city-in-crisis-19920502-story.html |title=King case aftermath: A city in crisis |first1=Paul |last1=Lieberman |first2=Dean E. |last2=Murphy |date=May 2, 1992 |work=Los Angeles Times |url-access=subscription |access-date=February 21, 2020 |archive-date=February 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221085634/https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-king-case-aftermath-a-city-in-crisis-19920502-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In the 1990s, deputy marshals protected abortion clinics.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/02/us/marshals-sent-to-a-dozen-abortion-clinics-in-drive-to-halt-violence.html |title=Marshals Sent to a Dozen Abortion Clinics in Drive to Halt Violence |work=The New York Times |first=David |last=Johnston |date=August 2, 1994 |access-date=September 26, 2022 |archive-date=September 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926111059/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/02/us/marshals-sent-to-a-dozen-abortion-clinics-in-drive-to-halt-violence.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/08/02/us-marshals-dispatched-to-guard-abortion-clinics/80067334-dd30-4a0a-9a00-bfa438da968a/ |title=U.S. Marshals Dispatched to Guard Abortion Clinics |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |first=Pierre |last=Thomas |author-link=Pierre Thomas (journalist) |date= August 2, 1994 |access-date=September 26, 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/30/us/judge-orders-us-marshals-to-prevent-closing-of-abortion-clinics.html |title=Judge Orders U.S. Marshals to Prevent Closing of Abortion Clinics |work=The New York Times |date=July 30, 1991 |access-date=September 26, 2022 |agency=Associated Press |archive-date=September 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926111056/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/30/us/judge-orders-us-marshals-to-prevent-closing-of-abortion-clinics.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
===21st century=== | ===21st century=== | ||
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In 2006, the Sex Offenders Investigations Branch (SOIB) was formed on July 27 with the passage of the [[Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act]] (AWA). The SOIB carries out the USMS's three principal responsibilities under the AWA: assist state, local, tribal and territorial authorities in the location and apprehension of non-compliant and fugitive sex offenders; investigate violations of the act for federal prosecution, and assist in the identification and location of sex offenders relocated as a result of a major disaster. To ensure the safety of communities and children across the country, the USMS has implemented an aggressive enforcement strategy for its responsibilities under the AWA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usmarshals.gov/investigations/index.html|title=U.S. Marshals Service|first=U. S. Marshals|last=Service (USMS)|website=www.usmarshals.gov|access-date=February 11, 2021|archive-date=October 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019220416/https://www.usmarshals.gov/investigations/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> This branch apprehends sex offenders, primarily those who prey on minors. Offenders are apprehended due to failure to register, among other things. | In 2006, the Sex Offenders Investigations Branch (SOIB) was formed on July 27 with the passage of the [[Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act]] (AWA). The SOIB carries out the USMS's three principal responsibilities under the AWA: assist state, local, tribal and territorial authorities in the location and apprehension of non-compliant and fugitive sex offenders; investigate violations of the act for federal prosecution, and assist in the identification and location of sex offenders relocated as a result of a major disaster. To ensure the safety of communities and children across the country, the USMS has implemented an aggressive enforcement strategy for its responsibilities under the AWA.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usmarshals.gov/investigations/index.html|title=U.S. Marshals Service|first=U. S. Marshals|last=Service (USMS)|website=www.usmarshals.gov|access-date=February 11, 2021|archive-date=October 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019220416/https://www.usmarshals.gov/investigations/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> This branch apprehends sex offenders, primarily those who prey on minors. Offenders are apprehended due to failure to register, among other things. | ||
In February 2017, Marshals began providing protective security to [[United States Secretary of Education]] [[Betsy DeVos]], the first time since 2009 that a [[United States Cabinet]]-level official has been provided security by the Marshals.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Douglas-Gabriel |first1=Danielle |last2=Brown |first2=Emma |title=Betsy DeVos being guarded by U.S. Marshals Service |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/betsy-devos-is-now-being-guarded-by-us-marshals/2017/02/17/7dc341f4-f54b-11e6-8d72-263470bf0401_story.html |access-date=25 March 2023 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=17 February 2017 |archive-date=February 20, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220172556/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/betsy-devos-is-now-being-guarded-by-us-marshals/2017/02/17/7dc341f4-f54b-11e6-8d72-263470bf0401_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Marshals were deployed to keep order in [[Washington, D.C.]] during the [[George Floyd protests]] on May 31, 2020,<ref>{{cite news |title=Fires, Looting, Tear Gas: DC in Turmoil Following 3rd Night of Protests |url=https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/3rd-day-george-floyd-protests-washington-dc/2318177/ |access-date=25 March 2023 |work=NBC4 Washington |agency= | In February 2017, Marshals began providing protective security to [[United States Secretary of Education]] [[Betsy DeVos]], the first time since 2009 that a [[United States Cabinet]]-level official has been provided security by the Marshals.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Douglas-Gabriel |first1=Danielle |last2=Brown |first2=Emma |title=Betsy DeVos being guarded by U.S. Marshals Service |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/betsy-devos-is-now-being-guarded-by-us-marshals/2017/02/17/7dc341f4-f54b-11e6-8d72-263470bf0401_story.html |access-date=25 March 2023 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=17 February 2017 |archive-date=February 20, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220172556/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/betsy-devos-is-now-being-guarded-by-us-marshals/2017/02/17/7dc341f4-f54b-11e6-8d72-263470bf0401_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Marshals were deployed to keep order in [[Washington, D.C.]] during the [[George Floyd protests]] on May 31, 2020,<ref>{{cite news |title=Fires, Looting, Tear Gas: DC in Turmoil Following 3rd Night of Protests |url=https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/3rd-day-george-floyd-protests-washington-dc/2318177/ |access-date=25 March 2023 |work=NBC4 Washington |agency=Associated Press |date=1 June 2020 |quote="In a rare move, US Marshals and DEA agents were activated to assist police." |archive-date=March 20, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320125931/https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/3rd-day-george-floyd-protests-washington-dc/2318177/ |url-status=live }}</ref> as well as during the [[January 6 United States Capitol attack]].<ref>{{Cite web|last2=Mangan|first1=Amanda |last1=Macias |first2=Dan|date=2021-01-06|title=U.S. Capitol secured hours after pro-Trump rioters invade Congress |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/06/buildings-in-us-capitol-complex-evacuated-amid-pro-trump-protests.html|access-date=2021-01-07|website=[[CNBC]]|language=en|archive-date=January 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107030000/https://www.cnbc.com/2021/01/06/buildings-in-us-capitol-complex-evacuated-amid-pro-trump-protests.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
On April 29, 2024, in [[Charlotte, North Carolina]], one Marshal, two Department of Adult Corrections officers, and one local police officer on a task force [[2024 Charlotte shootout|were killed]] serving a warrant on a man for possession of a firearm by a convicted felon. Four [[Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department]] officers were wounded.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://apnews.com/article/charlotte-north-carolina-shooting-police-42d3e25ec6ec990634c9ac209e0f779a | title=4 law officers serving warrant are killed, 4 wounded in shootout at North Carolina home, police say | website=[[Associated Press News]] | date=April 29, 2024 }}</ref> | On April 29, 2024, in [[Charlotte, North Carolina]], one Marshal, two Department of Adult Corrections officers, and one local police officer on a task force [[2024 Charlotte shootout|were killed]] serving a warrant on a man for possession of a firearm by a convicted felon. Four [[Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department]] officers were wounded.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://apnews.com/article/charlotte-north-carolina-shooting-police-42d3e25ec6ec990634c9ac209e0f779a | title=4 law officers serving warrant are killed, 4 wounded in shootout at North Carolina home, police say | website=[[Associated Press News]] | date=April 29, 2024 }}</ref> | ||