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Immigration and Customs Enforcement: Difference between revisions

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[[Homeland Security Investigations]] (HSI) is the primary investigative arm of Department of Homeland Security and consists of more than 10,300 employees who are assigned to over 235 cities throughout the U.S. and 90 international offices in more than 50 countries across the world. Approximately 6,000 Special Agents (Criminal Investigators) are included among the over 10,300 HSI employees, making it the second largest investigative service in the United States, behind the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.specialagents.org/|title=Special Agents Blog|website=www.specialagents.org}}</ref>
[[Homeland Security Investigations]] (HSI) is the primary investigative arm of Department of Homeland Security and consists of more than 10,300 employees who are assigned to over 235 cities throughout the U.S. and 90 international offices in more than 50 countries across the world. Approximately 6,000 Special Agents (Criminal Investigators) are included among the over 10,300 HSI employees, making it the second largest investigative service in the United States, behind the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.specialagents.org/|title=Special Agents Blog|website=www.specialagents.org}}</ref>


HSI special agents investigate violations of more than 400 U.S. laws that threaten the national security of the United States such as counter-proliferation; human smuggling and trafficking; weapons smuggling and export enforcement; narcotics smuggling and trafficking; document and benefit fraud; the manufacturing, sale, and use of counterfeit immigration and identity documents; human rights violations; [[Transnational gangs|transnational gang]] activity; financial crimes, including money laundering and bulk cash smuggling; cyber crime; child exploitation and sex tourism; trade crimes such as commercial fraud and [[intellectual property theft]]; smuggling of counterfeit pharmaceuticals and other merchandise; mass-marketing fraud; art theft; international cultural property and antiquities crimes; and visa security.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-ice-difficulties-20190319-story.html|title=ICE's investigative arm fears it might have a branding problem|last=Mejia|first=Brittny|date=March 19, 2019|website=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=March 19, 2019}}</ref> HSI agents can be requested to provide security for VIPs, and also augment the [[U.S. Secret Service]] during overtaxed times such as special security events and elections.
HSI special agents investigate violations of more than 400 U.S. laws that threaten the national security of the United States such as counter-proliferation; human smuggling and trafficking; weapons smuggling and export enforcement; narcotics smuggling and trafficking; document and benefit fraud; the manufacturing, sale, and use of counterfeit immigration and identity documents; human rights violations; [[Transnational gangs|transnational gang]] activity; financial crimes, including money laundering and bulk cash smuggling; cyber crime; child exploitation and sex tourism; trade crimes such as commercial fraud and [[intellectual property theft]]; smuggling of counterfeit pharmaceuticals and other merchandise; mass-marketing fraud; art theft; international cultural property and antiquities crimes; and visa security.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-ice-difficulties-20190319-story.html|title=ICE's investigative arm fears it might have a branding problem|last=Mejia|first=Brittny|date=March 19, 2019|website=Los Angeles Times|access-date=March 19, 2019}}</ref> HSI agents can be requested to provide security for VIPs, and also augment the [[U.S. Secret Service]] during overtaxed times such as special security events and elections.


HSI was formerly known as the ICE Office of Investigations (OI). HSI special agents have the statutory authority to enforce the Immigration and Nationality Act (Title 8), U.S. customs laws (Title 19), general federal crimes (Title 18), the [[Controlled Substances Act]] (Title 21), with Department of Justice approval, as well as Titles 5, 6, 12, 22, 26, 28, 31, 46, 49, and 50 of the U.S. Code.
HSI was formerly known as the ICE Office of Investigations (OI). HSI special agents have the statutory authority to enforce the Immigration and Nationality Act (Title 8), U.S. customs laws (Title 19), general federal crimes (Title 18), the [[Controlled Substances Act]] (Title 21), with Department of Justice approval, as well as Titles 5, 6, 12, 22, 26, 28, 31, 46, 49, and 50 of the U.S. Code.
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===Wrongful detention allegations===
===Wrongful detention allegations===
From 2012 to early 2018, ICE wrongfully arrested and detained 1,488 U.S. citizens, including many who spent months or years in immigration detention.<ref name="LATimes2018">{{cite news|first1=Paige|last1=St. John|first2=Joel|last2=Rubin|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-citizens-ice-20180427-htmlstory.html|title=ICE held an American man in custody for 1,273 days. He's not the only one who had to prove his citizenship|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=April 27, 2018}}</ref> A 2018 ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' investigation found that ICE's reliance on incomplete and error-prone databases and lax investigations led to the erroneous detentions.<ref name="LATimes2018"/> From 2008 to 2018, ICE was sued for wrongful arrest by more than two dozen U.S. citizens, who had been detained for periods ranging from one day to over three years. Some of the wrongfully detained U.S. citizens had been arrested by ICE more than once.<ref name="LATimes2018"/> The inaccurate government data that ICE used had shown that both immigrants and U.S. citizens were both targets of being detained. In 2019, a U.S. citizen that was detained stated that he lost 26 pounds from the horrendous conditions that the detention center offered.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-citizen-detained-by-ice-francisco-erwin-galicia-border-officials-conditions-bad-almost-self-deported/|title=18-year-old U.S. citizen detained by border officials said conditions were so bad he lost 26 pounds within the 23 days that he was detained, and almost self-deported|website=www.cbsnews.com|date=July 26, 2019 |language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-31}}</ref>
From 2012 to early 2018, ICE wrongfully arrested and detained 1,488 U.S. citizens, including many who spent months or years in immigration detention.<ref name="LATimes2018">{{cite news|first1=Paige|last1=St. John|first2=Joel|last2=Rubin|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-citizens-ice-20180427-htmlstory.html|title=ICE held an American man in custody for 1,273 days. He's not the only one who had to prove his citizenship|work=Los Angeles Times|date=April 27, 2018}}</ref> A 2018 ''Los Angeles Times'' investigation found that ICE's reliance on incomplete and error-prone databases and lax investigations led to the erroneous detentions.<ref name="LATimes2018"/> From 2008 to 2018, ICE was sued for wrongful arrest by more than two dozen U.S. citizens, who had been detained for periods ranging from one day to over three years. Some of the wrongfully detained U.S. citizens had been arrested by ICE more than once.<ref name="LATimes2018"/> The inaccurate government data that ICE used had shown that both immigrants and U.S. citizens were both targets of being detained. In 2019, a U.S. citizen that was detained stated that he lost 26 pounds from the horrendous conditions that the detention center offered.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-citizen-detained-by-ice-francisco-erwin-galicia-border-officials-conditions-bad-almost-self-deported/|title=18-year-old U.S. citizen detained by border officials said conditions were so bad he lost 26 pounds within the 23 days that he was detained, and almost self-deported|website=www.cbsnews.com|date=July 26, 2019 |language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-31}}</ref>


===Separation of illegal migrant children from families by ICE ERO===
===Separation of illegal migrant children from families by ICE ERO===
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