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[[File:2011 Wisconsin Budget Protests 1 JO.jpg|thumb|left|The [[2011 Wisconsin Act 10]] led to large protests around the state capitol building in Madison.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-wisconsin-protests-20110227,0,3378088.story|author=Abby Sewell|title=Protesters out in force nationwide to oppose Wisconsin's anti-union bill|work=Los Angeles Times|date=February 27, 2011|access-date=February 22, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303124853/http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-wisconsin-protests-20110227,0,3378088.story|archive-date=March 3, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>]]
[[File:2011 Wisconsin Budget Protests 1 JO.jpg|thumb|left|The [[2011 Wisconsin Act 10]] led to large protests around the state capitol building in Madison.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-wisconsin-protests-20110227,0,3378088.story|author=Abby Sewell|title=Protesters out in force nationwide to oppose Wisconsin's anti-union bill|work=Los Angeles Times|date=February 27, 2011|access-date=February 22, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303124853/http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/la-na-wisconsin-protests-20110227,0,3378088.story|archive-date=March 3, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>]]


During the [[American Civil War]], Wisconsin was a [[History of the United States Republican Party|Republican]] state; in fact, it is the state that gave birth to the Republican Party, although ethno-religious issues in the late 19th century caused a brief split in the coalition. The [[Bennett Law]] campaign of 1890 dealt with foreign language teaching in schools. Many Germans switched to the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] because of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party's]] support of the law.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kellogg|first1=Louise Phelps|title=The Bennett Law in Wisconsin|journal=Wisconsin Magazine of History|date=September 1918|volume=2|issue=1|pages=3–25|jstor=4630124}}</ref>
During the American Civil War, Wisconsin was a [[History of the United States Republican Party|Republican]] state; in fact, it is the state that gave birth to the Republican Party, although ethno-religious issues in the late 19th century caused a brief split in the coalition. The [[Bennett Law]] campaign of 1890 dealt with foreign language teaching in schools. Many Germans switched to the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] because of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party's]] support of the law.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kellogg|first1=Louise Phelps|title=The Bennett Law in Wisconsin|journal=Wisconsin Magazine of History|date=September 1918|volume=2|issue=1|pages=3–25|jstor=4630124}}</ref>


Wisconsin's political history encompasses, on the one hand, [[Robert La Follette]] and the [[Progressive movement]], and on the other, the Republican and anti-Communist [[Joe McCarthy]]. From the early 20th century, the [[Socialist Party of America]] had a base in Milwaukee. The phenomenon was referred to as "[[sewer socialism]]" because the elected officials were more concerned with public works and reform than with revolution (although revolutionary socialism existed in the city as well). Its influence faded in the late 1950s largely because of the [[Second Red Scare|red scare]] and racial tensions.<ref name="smith2003">{{cite journal|last=Smith|first=Kevin D.|date=Spring 2003|title=From Socialism to Racism: The Politics of Class and Identity in Postwar Milwaukee|journal=Michigan Historical Review|volume=29|issue=1|pages=71–95|doi=10.2307/20174004|jstor=20174004}}</ref> The first socialist mayor of a large city in the United States was [[Emil Seidel]], elected mayor of Milwaukee in 1910; another socialist, [[Daniel Hoan]], was mayor of Milwaukee from 1916 to 1940; and a third, [[Frank P. Zeidler]], from 1948 to 1960. The last of Milwaukee's socialist mayors, [[Henry Maier]], held office from 1960 to 1988. Socialist [[newspaper editor]] [[Victor Berger]] was repeatedly elected as a U.S. Representative.
Wisconsin's political history encompasses, on the one hand, [[Robert La Follette]] and the [[Progressive movement]], and on the other, the Republican and anti-Communist [[Joe McCarthy]]. From the early 20th century, the [[Socialist Party of America]] had a base in Milwaukee. The phenomenon was referred to as "[[sewer socialism]]" because the elected officials were more concerned with public works and reform than with revolution (although revolutionary socialism existed in the city as well). Its influence faded in the late 1950s largely because of the [[Second Red Scare|red scare]] and racial tensions.<ref name="smith2003">{{cite journal|last=Smith|first=Kevin D.|date=Spring 2003|title=From Socialism to Racism: The Politics of Class and Identity in Postwar Milwaukee|journal=Michigan Historical Review|volume=29|issue=1|pages=71–95|doi=10.2307/20174004|jstor=20174004}}</ref> The first socialist mayor of a large city in the United States was [[Emil Seidel]], elected mayor of Milwaukee in 1910; another socialist, [[Daniel Hoan]], was mayor of Milwaukee from 1916 to 1940; and a third, [[Frank P. Zeidler]], from 1948 to 1960. The last of Milwaukee's socialist mayors, [[Henry Maier]], held office from 1960 to 1988. Socialist [[newspaper editor]] [[Victor Berger]] was repeatedly elected as a U.S. Representative.
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