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Army Corps of Engineers: Difference between revisions
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===20th century=== | ===20th century=== | ||
[[File:Ledo Road, Burma 1944, Sgt. CG McCutcheon of 1304th Engineer Construction Battalion.jpg|thumb|A bulldozer operated by Sergeant C. G. McCutcheon of the 1304th Engineer Construction Battalion on [[Ledo Road]] in [[Burma]] in 1944]] | [[File:Ledo Road, Burma 1944, Sgt. CG McCutcheon of 1304th Engineer Construction Battalion.jpg|thumb|A bulldozer operated by Sergeant C. G. McCutcheon of the 1304th Engineer Construction Battalion on [[Ledo Road]] in [[Burma]] in 1944]] | ||
The [[National Defense Act of 1916]] authorized a reserve corps in the Army, and the Engineer Officers' Reserve Corps and the Engineer Enlisted Reserve Corps became one of the branches.<ref>''[https://dots.el.erdc.dren.mil/dig/ChiefsReportsFinal/TextFiles/1918%20Pt.1%20(entire).norm.txt Report of the Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army, 1918]'', United States army Chief of Engineers, (Washington, DC: [[Government Printing Office]], 1918). Retrieved 26 May 2022.</ref> Some of these personnel were called into active service for | The [[National Defense Act of 1916]] authorized a reserve corps in the Army, and the Engineer Officers' Reserve Corps and the Engineer Enlisted Reserve Corps became one of the branches.<ref>''[https://dots.el.erdc.dren.mil/dig/ChiefsReportsFinal/TextFiles/1918%20Pt.1%20(entire).norm.txt Report of the Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army, 1918]'', United States army Chief of Engineers, (Washington, DC: [[Government Printing Office]], 1918). Retrieved 26 May 2022.</ref> Some of these personnel were called into active service for World War I. | ||
From the beginning, many politicians wanted the Corps of Engineers to contribute to both military construction and civil works. Assigned the military construction mission on 1 December 1941, after the Quartermaster Department struggled with the expanding mission,<ref>[http://www.hq.usace.army.mil/history/vignettes/vignette_1.htm USACE Office of History vignettes] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415174741/http://www.hq.usace.army.mil/history/vignettes/vignette_1.htm |date=15 April 2008 }}</ref> the Corps built facilities at home and abroad to support the U.S. Army and Air Force. During World War II the USACE program expanded to more than 27,000 military and industrial projects in a $15.3 billion mobilization effort. Included were aircraft, tank assembly, and ammunition plants; camps for 5.3 million soldiers; depots, ports, and hospitals; and the rapid construction of such landmark projects such as the [[Manhattan Project]] at Los Alamos, Hanford and Oak Ridge among other places, and [[the Pentagon]], the Department of Defense headquarters across the Potomac from Washington, DC. | From the beginning, many politicians wanted the Corps of Engineers to contribute to both military construction and civil works. Assigned the military construction mission on 1 December 1941, after the Quartermaster Department struggled with the expanding mission,<ref>[http://www.hq.usace.army.mil/history/vignettes/vignette_1.htm USACE Office of History vignettes] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415174741/http://www.hq.usace.army.mil/history/vignettes/vignette_1.htm |date=15 April 2008 }}</ref> the Corps built facilities at home and abroad to support the U.S. Army and Air Force. During World War II the USACE program expanded to more than 27,000 military and industrial projects in a $15.3 billion mobilization effort. Included were aircraft, tank assembly, and ammunition plants; camps for 5.3 million soldiers; depots, ports, and hospitals; and the rapid construction of such landmark projects such as the [[Manhattan Project]] at Los Alamos, Hanford and Oak Ridge among other places, and [[the Pentagon]], the Department of Defense headquarters across the Potomac from Washington, DC. | ||
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==Notable personnel== | ==Notable personnel== | ||
*[[Charles Keller (military)|Charles Keller]], former U.S. Army Brigadier General and the oldest Army officer to serve on active duty during [[World War II]].<ref name="Kellerbio2">[https://www.usace.army.mil/About/History/Historical-Vignettes/Military-Construction-Combat/079-Oldest-Officer/ Historical Vignette 079 – The Oldest U.S. Army Officer to Serve in World War II Was an Engineer]</ref><ref name="Kellerbio4">[https://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/charles-keller.htm Charles Keller – Brigadier General, United States Army]</ref> | *[[Charles Keller (military)|Charles Keller]], former U.S. Army Brigadier General and the oldest Army officer to serve on active duty during [[World War II]].<ref name="Kellerbio2">[https://www.usace.army.mil/About/History/Historical-Vignettes/Military-Construction-Combat/079-Oldest-Officer/ Historical Vignette 079 – The Oldest U.S. Army Officer to Serve in World War II Was an Engineer]</ref><ref name="Kellerbio4">[https://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/charles-keller.htm Charles Keller – Brigadier General, United States Army]</ref> | ||
*[[Peter Conover Hains]], former U.S. Army Major General and the oldest Army officer to serve on active duty during | *[[Peter Conover Hains]], former U.S. Army Major General and the oldest Army officer to serve on active duty during World War I. The only known person to serve in both the American Civil War and the First World War.<ref>[http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/pchains.htm Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington, Virginia]</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||