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Bureau of Home Economics: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Louise Stanley.jpg|thumb|right|Louise Stanley was the first head of the USDA Bureau of Home Economics when she was appointed in 1923.]] | [[File:Louise Stanley.jpg|thumb|right|Louise Stanley was the first head of the USDA Bureau of Home Economics when she was appointed in 1923.]] | ||
[[File:Helen B. Thompson (Western Hospital Review, 1928).png|thumb|[[Helen B. Thompson]] helped organized the Bureau]] | [[File:Helen B. Thompson (Western Hospital Review, 1928).png|thumb|[[Helen B. Thompson]] helped organized the Bureau]] | ||
The bureau has its roots in the Office of Home Economics at the USDA. Established in 1915, the office centralized USDA existing efforts around cooking and nutrition and other [[home economics]] topics,<ref name="Square Meal">{{cite book|last1=Ziegelman|first1=Jane|last2=Coe|first2=Andrew|title=A Square Meal: A Culinary History of the Great Depression|date=2016|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-06-221641-0|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/squaremealculina0000zieg}}</ref> and was tasked with disseminating "practical applications of research knowledge" from the USDA.<ref>{{cite act| title = Smith-Lever Act| number = 7 U.S.C. 341| date = May 8, 1914| page = 13-1| url = https://nifa.usda.gov/sites/default/files/Smith-Lever%20Act.pdf| accessdate = November 7, 2016| ref = Smith-Lever}}</ref> | The bureau has its roots in the Office of Home Economics at the USDA. Established in 1915, the office centralized USDA existing efforts around cooking and nutrition and other [[home economics]] topics,<ref name="Square Meal">{{cite book|last1=Ziegelman|first1=Jane|last2=Coe|first2=Andrew|title=A Square Meal: A Culinary History of the Great Depression|date=2016|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-06-221641-0|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/squaremealculina0000zieg}}</ref> and was tasked with disseminating "practical applications of research knowledge" from the USDA.<ref>{{cite act| title = Smith-Lever Act| number = 7 U.S.C. 341| date = May 8, 1914| page = 13-1| url = https://nifa.usda.gov/sites/default/files/Smith-Lever%20Act.pdf| accessdate = November 7, 2016| ref = Smith-Lever}}</ref> World War I had redirected many essential foods to the war front, so the government guided homemakers on shopping for and cooking alternative foods. Following the war, the office was promoted to a bureau of seven employees in 1923 and placed under the leadership of [[Louise Stanley (home economist)|Louise Stanley]], PhD, a professor of home economics with degrees from [[Peabody College]], [[Columbia University]], and [[Yale University]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Marsh|first1=Emily|title=Louise Stanley (1883–1954)|url=https://www.nal.usda.gov/exhibits/ipd/apronsandkitchens/exhibits/show/the-bureau-of-home-economics/item/17|website=Apron Strings and Kitchen Sinks: The USDA Bureau of Home Economics|publisher=USDA National Agricultural Library|accessdate=November 6, 2016}}</ref> The bureau was the largest employer of women scientists in the country.<ref name=dreil>{{cite book | last=Dreilinger | first=Danielle | year=2021| publisher=W.W. Norton & Company | title=The Secret History of Home Economics | page=66 | isbn=978-1324004493}}</ref> Its efforts were focused in three areas which formed its major departments: Clothing and Textiles, Economics of the Home, and Food and Nutrition. | ||
During [[World War II]], it was renamed the Bureau of Human Nutrition and Home Economics.{{r|dreil|p=130}} | During [[World War II]], it was renamed the Bureau of Human Nutrition and Home Economics.{{r|dreil|p=130}} | ||