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San Francisco National Cemetery: Difference between revisions
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The [[Indian Wars]] of the 1870s and 1880s resulted in additional expansion of the Presidio, including large-scale tree planting and a post beautification program. By the following decade the Presidio had shed its frontier outpost appearance and was elevated to a major military installation and base for American expansion into the Pacific. | The [[Indian Wars]] of the 1870s and 1880s resulted in additional expansion of the Presidio, including large-scale tree planting and a post beautification program. By the following decade the Presidio had shed its frontier outpost appearance and was elevated to a major military installation and base for American expansion into the Pacific. | ||
In 1890, with the creation of [[Sequoia National Park|Sequoia]], [[General Grant National Park|General Grant]] and [[Yosemite National Park]]s in the [[Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|Sierra Nevada]] mountains of California, the protection of these scenic and natural resources was assigned to the U.S. cavalry stationed at the Presidio. Soldiers patrolled these parks during summer months until the start of | In 1890, with the creation of [[Sequoia National Park|Sequoia]], [[General Grant National Park|General Grant]] and [[Yosemite National Park]]s in the [[Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|Sierra Nevada]] mountains of California, the protection of these scenic and natural resources was assigned to the U.S. cavalry stationed at the Presidio. Soldiers patrolled these parks during summer months until the start of World War I in 1914. The [[Spanish–American War]] in 1898 and subsequent [[Philippine–American War]], from 1899 to 1902, increased the role of the Presidio. Thousands of troops camped in tent cities while awaiting shipment to the [[Philippines]]. Returning sick and wounded soldiers were treated in the Army's first permanent hospital, later renamed [[Letterman Army General Hospital]]. In 1914, troops under the command of General [[John Pershing]] departed the Presidio for the Mexican border in pursuit of [[Pancho Villa]] and his men. | ||
When the United States entered [[World War II]] after the [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] [[attack on Pearl Harbor]], Presidio soldiers dug [[Defensive fighting position|foxholes]] along nearby beaches. [[U.S. Fourth Army|Fourth Army]] Commander Gen. [[John L. DeWitt]] conducted the [[Japanese-American internment|internment of thousands of Japanese and Japanese-Americans]] on the West Coast while U.S. soldiers of Japanese descent were trained to read and speak Japanese at the first [[Military Intelligence Service]] language school organized at [[Crissy Field]]. During the 1950s, the Presidio served as the headquarters for the [[Project Nike|Nike]] missile defense program and headquarters for the [[U.S. Sixth Army]]. The Presidio of San Francisco, encompassing more than 350 buildings with historic value, was designated a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1962. In 1989, the Presidio closed as a military entity and was transferred to the [[National Park Service]] in October 1994. | When the United States entered [[World War II]] after the [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] [[attack on Pearl Harbor]], Presidio soldiers dug [[Defensive fighting position|foxholes]] along nearby beaches. [[U.S. Fourth Army|Fourth Army]] Commander Gen. [[John L. DeWitt]] conducted the [[Japanese-American internment|internment of thousands of Japanese and Japanese-Americans]] on the West Coast while U.S. soldiers of Japanese descent were trained to read and speak Japanese at the first [[Military Intelligence Service]] language school organized at [[Crissy Field]]. During the 1950s, the Presidio served as the headquarters for the [[Project Nike|Nike]] missile defense program and headquarters for the [[U.S. Sixth Army]]. The Presidio of San Francisco, encompassing more than 350 buildings with historic value, was designated a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1962. In 1989, the Presidio closed as a military entity and was transferred to the [[National Park Service]] in October 1994. | ||
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Also buried at San Francisco National Cemetery is Sarah Bowman, also known as "Great Western", a formidable woman over {{convert|6|ft|m}} tall with red hair and a fondness for wearing pistols. Married to a soldier, she traveled with [[Zachary Taylor]]'s troops in the [[Mexican–American War]] helping to care for the wounded, for which she earned a government pension. After her husband's death she had a variety of male companions and ran an infamous tavern and brothel in [[El Paso, Texas]]. Bowman left El Paso when she married her last husband. The two ended up at [[Fort Yuma]], where she operated a boarding house until her death from a spider bite in 1866. She was given a full military funeral and was buried in the Fort Yuma Cemetery. Several years later her body was exhumed and reburied at San Francisco National Cemetery. | Also buried at San Francisco National Cemetery is Sarah Bowman, also known as "Great Western", a formidable woman over {{convert|6|ft|m}} tall with red hair and a fondness for wearing pistols. Married to a soldier, she traveled with [[Zachary Taylor]]'s troops in the [[Mexican–American War]] helping to care for the wounded, for which she earned a government pension. After her husband's death she had a variety of male companions and ran an infamous tavern and brothel in [[El Paso, Texas]]. Bowman left El Paso when she married her last husband. The two ended up at [[Fort Yuma]], where she operated a boarding house until her death from a spider bite in 1866. She was given a full military funeral and was buried in the Fort Yuma Cemetery. Several years later her body was exhumed and reburied at San Francisco National Cemetery. | ||
San Francisco National Cemetery is also the burial location of Brigadier General [[George G. Gatley]], who commanded brigades and divisions in | San Francisco National Cemetery is also the burial location of Brigadier General [[George G. Gatley]], who commanded brigades and divisions in World War I, and was also well known as the father of actress [[Ann Harding]].<ref>{{cite news |date=January 22, 1931 |title=Gen. Gatley, 55th Brigade Chief, is Dead |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/169960190 |newspaper=Nashville Tennessean |location=Nashville, TN |pages=1, 3 |url-access=subscription |ref={{sfnRef|"Gen. Gatley, 55th Brigade Chief, is Dead"}}}}</ref> Another World War I brigadier general, [[Odus Creamer Horney]], is also buried at San Francisco National Cemetery.<ref>{{cite news |date=February 18, 1957 |title=Death Notice, Odus C. Horney |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/121159524/obituary-for-horney/ |work=[[San Francisco Examiner]] |location=San Francisco, CA |page=Section II, Page 21 |via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> [[John Francis Dillon (commissioner)|John Francis Dillon]], member of the U.S. Federal Radio Commission is buried there too.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-san-francisco-examiner-death-calls-c/138979197/ |title=Death Calls Col. J. F. Dillon |date=1927-10-10 |newspaper=[[San Francisco Examiner]] |page=1 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=2024-01-17}}{{Open access}}</ref> | ||
U.S. representatives [[Phillip Burton]] and [[Sala Burton]] are also buried in the cemetery. | U.S. representatives [[Phillip Burton]] and [[Sala Burton]] are also buried in the cemetery. | ||