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United States Armed Forces: Difference between revisions
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Each of the different military services is assigned a role and domain. The Army conducts land operations. The Navy and Marine Corps conduct maritime operations, the Marine Corps specializing in amphibious and maritime littoral operations primarily for supporting the Navy. The Air Force conducts air operations. The Space Force conducts space operations. The Coast Guard is unique in that it specializes in maritime operations and is also a [[Law enforcement in the United States|law enforcement]] agency.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.defense.gov/About/Our-Forces/|title=Our Forces|website=U.S. Department of Defense}}</ref><ref name="auto5">{{Cite web |date=17 September 2020 |title=DIRECTIVE Functions of the Department of Defense and Its Major Components |url=https://www.esd.whs.mil/portals/54/documents/dd/issuances/dodd/510001p.pdf |access-date=8 August 2023 |website=Department of Defense}}</ref> | Each of the different military services is assigned a role and domain. The Army conducts land operations. The Navy and Marine Corps conduct maritime operations, the Marine Corps specializing in amphibious and maritime littoral operations primarily for supporting the Navy. The Air Force conducts air operations. The Space Force conducts space operations. The Coast Guard is unique in that it specializes in maritime operations and is also a [[Law enforcement in the United States|law enforcement]] agency.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.defense.gov/About/Our-Forces/|title=Our Forces|website=U.S. Department of Defense}}</ref><ref name="auto5">{{Cite web |date=17 September 2020 |title=DIRECTIVE Functions of the Department of Defense and Its Major Components |url=https://www.esd.whs.mil/portals/54/documents/dd/issuances/dodd/510001p.pdf |access-date=8 August 2023 |website=Department of Defense}}</ref> | ||
From their inception during the | From their inception during the American Revolutionary War, the U.S. Armed Forces have played a decisive role in [[History of the United States|the country's history]]. They helped forge a sense of national unity and identity through victories in the early-19th-century [[First Barbary War|First]] and [[Second Barbary War]]s. They played a critical role in the [[Territorial evolution of the United States|territorial evolution of the U.S.]], including the [[American Civil War]]. The [[National Security Act of 1947]] created the modern U.S. military framework, establishing the [[National Military Establishment]] (later the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] or DoD) headed by the [[United States Secretary of Defense|secretary of defense]] and creating both the U.S. Air Force and [[United States National Security Council|National Security Council]]; in 1949, an amendment to the act merged the cabinet-level departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force into the DoD.<ref>Kinnard, Douglas. "The Secretary of Defense in Retrospect." The Secretary of Defense. Lexington: University of Kentucky, 1980. 192–93. Print.</ref> | ||
The [[president of the U.S.]] is the [[Commander-in-Chief of the United States|commander-in-chief]] of the armed forces and forms military policy with the DoD and [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Department of Homeland Security]] (DHS), both [[United States federal executive departments|federal executive departments]], acting as the principal organs by which military policy is carried out. | The [[president of the U.S.]] is the [[Commander-in-Chief of the United States|commander-in-chief]] of the armed forces and forms military policy with the DoD and [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Department of Homeland Security]] (DHS), both [[United States federal executive departments|federal executive departments]], acting as the principal organs by which military policy is carried out. | ||
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{{Main|Military history of the United States|History of the United States Army|l2=History of the Army|History of the United States Marine Corps|l3=Marine Corps|History of the United States Navy|l4=Navy|History of the United States Air Force|l5=Air Force|History of the United States Space Force|l6=Space Force|History of the United States Coast Guard|l7=Coast Guard}} | {{Main|Military history of the United States|History of the United States Army|l2=History of the Army|History of the United States Marine Corps|l3=Marine Corps|History of the United States Navy|l4=Navy|History of the United States Air Force|l5=Air Force|History of the United States Space Force|l6=Space Force|History of the United States Coast Guard|l7=Coast Guard}} | ||
The history of the U.S. Armed Forces dates back to 14 June 1775, with the creation of the [[Continental Army]], even before the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]] marked the establishment of the United States.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=1775 |url=https://www.army.mil/1775/ |access-date=18 April 2022 |website=U.S. Army }}</ref> The [[Continental Navy]], established on 13 October 1775, and [[Continental Marines]], established on 10 November 1775, were created in close succession by the [[Second Continental Congress]] in order to defend the new nation against the [[British Empire]] in the | The history of the U.S. Armed Forces dates back to 14 June 1775, with the creation of the [[Continental Army]], even before the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]] marked the establishment of the United States.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=1775 |url=https://www.army.mil/1775/ |access-date=18 April 2022 |website=U.S. Army }}</ref> The [[Continental Navy]], established on 13 October 1775, and [[Continental Marines]], established on 10 November 1775, were created in close succession by the [[Second Continental Congress]] in order to defend the new nation against the [[British Empire]] in the American Revolutionary War.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Birth of the U.S. Navy |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/heritage/origins-of-the-navy/birth-of-the-us-navy.html |date=Dec 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209034256/https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/heritage/origins-of-the-navy/birth-of-the-us-navy.html |archive-date=February 9, 2023 |access-date=May 23, 2023 |website=U.S. Naval History and Heritage Command }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Resolution Establishing the Continental Marines |url=https://www.usmcu.edu/Research/Marine-Corps-History-Division/Frequently-Requested-Topics/Historical-Documents-Orders-and-Speeches/Resolution-Establishing-the-Continental-Marines/ |access-date=18 April 2022 |website=Marine Corps University |date=10 November 1775 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418235155/https://www.usmcu.edu/Research/Marine-Corps-History-Division/Frequently-Requested-Topics/Historical-Documents-Orders-and-Speeches/Resolution-Establishing-the-Continental-Marines/ |archive-date= April 18, 2022 }}</ref> | ||
These forces demobilized in 1784 after the [[Treaty of Paris (1783)|Treaty of Paris]] ended the Revolutionary War. The [[Congress of the Confederation]] created the current [[United States Army]] on 3 June 1784.<ref name=":4" /> The [[United States Congress]] created the current [[United States Navy]] on 27 March 1794 and the current [[United States Marine Corps]] on 11 July 1798.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Brief History of the United States Marine Corps |url=https://www.usmcu.edu/Research/Marine-Corps-History-Division/Brief-Histories/Brief-History-of-the-United-States-Marine-Corps/ |access-date=18 April 2022 |website=Marine Corps University }}</ref> All three services trace their origins to their respective Continental predecessors. The 1787 adoption of the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]] gave [[United States Congress|Congress]] the power to "raise and support armies," to "provide and maintain a navy", and to "make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces", as well as the power to [[Declaration of war by the United States|declare war]]. The President of the United States is the United States Armed Forces' [[commander-in-chief]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Power to Declare War |url=https://history.house.gov/Institution/Origins-Development/War-Powers/ |access-date=18 April 2022 |website=US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives }}</ref> | These forces demobilized in 1784 after the [[Treaty of Paris (1783)|Treaty of Paris]] ended the Revolutionary War. The [[Congress of the Confederation]] created the current [[United States Army]] on 3 June 1784.<ref name=":4" /> The [[United States Congress]] created the current [[United States Navy]] on 27 March 1794 and the current [[United States Marine Corps]] on 11 July 1798.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Brief History of the United States Marine Corps |url=https://www.usmcu.edu/Research/Marine-Corps-History-Division/Brief-Histories/Brief-History-of-the-United-States-Marine-Corps/ |access-date=18 April 2022 |website=Marine Corps University }}</ref> All three services trace their origins to their respective Continental predecessors. The 1787 adoption of the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]] gave [[United States Congress|Congress]] the power to "raise and support armies," to "provide and maintain a navy", and to "make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces", as well as the power to [[Declaration of war by the United States|declare war]]. The President of the United States is the United States Armed Forces' [[commander-in-chief]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Power to Declare War |url=https://history.house.gov/Institution/Origins-Development/War-Powers/ |access-date=18 April 2022 |website=US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives }}</ref> | ||