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Defense Intelligence Agency: Difference between revisions
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==History== | ==History== | ||
[[File:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Robert McNamara]], founder of the DIA]]From [[World War II]] until the creation of DIA in 1961, the three Military Departments collected, produced and distributed their intelligence for individual use. This turned out to be duplicative, costly, and ineffective as each department provided their own, often conflicting estimates to the [[United States Secretary of Defense|Secretary of Defense]] and other Federal agencies.<ref name="DIA History">[https://www.fas.org/irp/dia/dia_history_2007.pdf A History of the Defense Intelligence Agency]. DIA Office of Historical Research, 2007. Retrieved: September 25, 2013.</ref> While the [[Defense Reorganization Act of 1958]] aimed to correct these deficiencies, the intelligence responsibilities remained unclear, the coordination was poor and the results fell short of national reliability and focus. As a result of this poor organization, President | [[File:Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Robert McNamara]], founder of the DIA]]From [[World War II]] until the creation of DIA in 1961, the three Military Departments collected, produced and distributed their intelligence for individual use. This turned out to be duplicative, costly, and ineffective as each department provided their own, often conflicting estimates to the [[United States Secretary of Defense|Secretary of Defense]] and other Federal agencies.<ref name="DIA History">[https://www.fas.org/irp/dia/dia_history_2007.pdf A History of the Defense Intelligence Agency]. DIA Office of Historical Research, 2007. Retrieved: September 25, 2013.</ref> While the [[Defense Reorganization Act of 1958]] aimed to correct these deficiencies, the intelligence responsibilities remained unclear, the coordination was poor and the results fell short of national reliability and focus. As a result of this poor organization, President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed the Joint Study Group in 1960 to find better ways for organizing the nation's [[military intelligence]] activities.<ref name="DIA History" /> | ||
Acting on the recommendations of the Joint Study Group, Defense Secretary [[Robert S. McNamara]] advised the [[Joint Chiefs of Staff]] (JCS) of his decision to establish the DIA in February 1961. He ordered them to develop a plan that would integrate all the military intelligence of the DoD, a move that met strong resistance from the service intelligence units, whose commanders viewed DIA as undesirable encroachment on their turf. Despite this resistance, during the spring and summer of 1961, as [[Cold War]] tensions flared over the [[Berlin Wall]], [[United States Air Force|Air Force]] Lieutenant General [[Joseph Carroll (DIA)|Joseph Carroll]] took the lead in planning and organizing this new agency. The JCS published Directive 5105.21, "Defense Intelligence Agency" on August 1, and DIA began operations with a handful of employees in borrowed office space on October 1, 1961.<ref name="DIA History" /> | Acting on the recommendations of the Joint Study Group, Defense Secretary [[Robert S. McNamara]] advised the [[Joint Chiefs of Staff]] (JCS) of his decision to establish the DIA in February 1961. He ordered them to develop a plan that would integrate all the military intelligence of the DoD, a move that met strong resistance from the service intelligence units, whose commanders viewed DIA as undesirable encroachment on their turf. Despite this resistance, during the spring and summer of 1961, as [[Cold War]] tensions flared over the [[Berlin Wall]], [[United States Air Force|Air Force]] Lieutenant General [[Joseph Carroll (DIA)|Joseph Carroll]] took the lead in planning and organizing this new agency. The JCS published Directive 5105.21, "Defense Intelligence Agency" on August 1, and DIA began operations with a handful of employees in borrowed office space on October 1, 1961.<ref name="DIA History" /> | ||