Agricultural Adjustment Act: Difference between revisions
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{{About|the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933|the act by the same name in 1938|Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938}} | {{About|the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933|the act by the same name in 1938|Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938}} | ||
{{Infobox U.S. legislation | {{Infobox U.S. legislation | ||
| shorttitle | | shorttitle = Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) | ||
| othershorttitles | | othershorttitles = {{unbulleted list|Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933|The Farm Relief Bill}} | ||
| longtitle | | longtitle = An Act to relieve the existing national economic emergency by increasing agricultural purchasing power, to raise revenue for extraordinary expenses incurred by reason of such emergency, to provide emergency relief with respect to agricultural indebtedness, to provide for the orderly liquidation of joint-stock land banks, and for other purposes. | ||
| enacted by | | enacted by = 73rd | ||
| effective date | | effective date = May 13, 1933 | ||
| cite public law | | cite public law = {{USPL|73|10}} | ||
| cite statutes at large = {{USStat|48|31}} | | cite statutes at large = {{USStat|48|31}} | ||
| public law url | | public law url = | ||
| leghisturl | | leghisturl = | ||
| introducedin | | introducedin = House | ||
| introducedbill | | introducedbill = {{USbill|73|H.R.|3835}} | ||
| introducedby | | introducedby = <!--sponsor(s)--> | ||
| introduceddate | | introduceddate = | ||
| committees | | committees = | ||
| passedbody1 | | passedbody1 = House | ||
| passeddate1 | | passeddate1 = March 22, 1933 | ||
| passedvote1 | | passedvote1 = [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/73-1/h7 315-98] | ||
| passedbody2 | | passedbody2 = Senate | ||
| passedas2 | | passedas2 = <!-- used if the second body changes the name of the legislation --> | ||
| passeddate2 | | passeddate2 = April 28, 1933 | ||
| passedvote2 | | passedvote2 = [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/73-1/s43 64-20] | ||
| agreedbody3 | | agreedbody3 = <!-- used when the other body agrees without going into committee --> | ||
| passedbody3 | | passedbody3 = House | ||
| conferencedate | | conferencedate = May 10, 1933 | ||
| passeddate3 | | passeddate3 = May 10, 1933 | ||
| passedvote3 | | passedvote3 = passed | ||
| passedbody4 | | passedbody4 = Senate | ||
| passeddate4 | | passeddate4 = May 10, 1933 | ||
| passedvote4 | | passedvote4 = [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/73-1/s47 53-28] | ||
| agreeddate3 | | agreeddate3 = <!-- used when the other body agrees without going into committee --> | ||
| agreedvote3 | | agreedvote3 = <!-- used when the other body agrees without going into committee --> | ||
| agreedbody4 | | agreedbody4 = <!-- used if agreedbody3 further amends legislation --> | ||
| agreeddate4 | | agreeddate4 = <!-- used if agreedbody3 further amends legislation --> | ||
| agreedvote4 | | agreedvote4 = <!-- used if agreedbody3 further amends legislation --> | ||
| signedpresident = [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] | | signedpresident = [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] | ||
| signeddate | | signeddate = May 12, 1933<ref name="Rasmussen, p2">{{cite journal |last1=Rasmussen |first1=Wayne D. |last2=Baker |first2=Gladys L. |last3=Ward |first3=James S. |title=A Short History of Agricultural Adjustment, 1933-75 |journal=Agriculture Information Bulletin, No. 391 |date=March 1976 |page=2 |url=https://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/CAT87210025/PDF |access-date=15 May 2023 |publisher=Economic Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture}}</ref> | ||
| unsignedpresident = <!-- used when passed without presidential signing --> | | unsignedpresident = <!-- used when passed without presidential signing --> | ||
| unsigneddate | | unsigneddate = <!-- used when passed without presidential signing --> | ||
| vetoedpresident = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | | vetoedpresident = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | ||
| vetoeddate | | vetoeddate = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | ||
| overriddenbody1 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | | overriddenbody1 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | ||
| overriddendate1 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | | overriddendate1 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | ||
| Line 48: | Line 48: | ||
| overriddendate2 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | | overriddendate2 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | ||
| overriddenvote2 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | | overriddenvote2 = <!-- used when passed by overriding presidential veto --> | ||
| amendments | | amendments = | ||
| SCOTUS cases | | SCOTUS cases = {{Ubl | ||
| colloquialacronym = | |''[[United States v. Butler]]'', {{ussc|297|1|1936}} | ||
| nickname | }} | ||
| acts amended | | colloquialacronym = | ||
| acts repealed | | nickname = | ||
| title amended | | acts amended = | ||
| acts repealed = | |||
| title amended = [[Title 7 of the United States Code|7 U.S.C.: Agriculture]] | |||
| sections created = {{Usc-title-chap|7|26}} § 601 et seq. | | sections created = {{Usc-title-chap|7|26}} § 601 et seq. | ||
| sections amended = | | sections amended = | ||
}} | }} | ||
The '''Agricultural Adjustment Act''' ('''AAA''') was a [[United States federal law]] of the [[New Deal]] era designed to boost agricultural prices by reducing surpluses. The government bought [[livestock]] for slaughter and paid farmers [[Subsidy|subsidies]] not to plant on part of their land. The money for these subsidies was generated through an exclusive tax on companies that processed farm products. The Act created a new [[Government agency|agency]], the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, also called "AAA" (1933–1942), an agency of the [[U.S. Department of Agriculture]], to oversee the distribution of the subsidies.<ref>Agricultural Adjustment Act, {{USPL|73|10}}, {{USStat|48|31}}, enacted May 12, 1933.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/208139 |title=Franklin D. Roosevelt: "Statement on Signing the Farm Relief Bill" May 12, 1933 |author1=Peters, Gerhard |author2=Woolley, John T |work=The American Presidency Project |publisher=University of California – Santa Barbara |access-date=July 4, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Hurt2002, p69">Hurt, R. Douglas, ''Problems of Plenty: The American Farmer in the Twentieth Century'', (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2002), 69.</ref> The [[Agriculture Marketing Act]], which established the Federal Farm Board in 1929, was seen as an important precursor to this act.<ref>Harris Gaylord Warren, Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression (New York: Oxford University Press, 1969), p. 175.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mises.org/rothbard/agd/chapter8.asp#new_deal_farm_program |title=The New Deal Farm Program |work=The Depression Begins: President Hoover Takes Command |publisher=Ludwig von Mises Institute}}</ref> The AAA, along with other New Deal programs, represented the federal government's first substantial effort to address economic welfare in the United States.<ref>Gates, Staci L. 2006. "[http://encyclopedia.federalism.org/index.php/Agricultural_Adjustment_Act_of_1933 Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933]." ''Federalism in American: An Encyclopedia.''</ref> | The '''Agricultural Adjustment Act''' ('''AAA''') was a [[United States federal law]] of the [[New Deal]] era designed to boost agricultural prices by reducing surpluses. The government bought [[livestock]] for slaughter and paid farmers [[Subsidy|subsidies]] not to plant on part of their land. The money for these subsidies was generated through an exclusive tax on companies that processed farm products. The Act created a new [[Government agency|agency]], the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, also called "AAA" (1933–1942), an agency of the [[U.S. Department of Agriculture]], to oversee the distribution of the subsidies.<ref>Agricultural Adjustment Act, {{USPL|73|10}}, {{USStat|48|31}}, enacted May 12, 1933.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/208139 |title=Franklin D. Roosevelt: "Statement on Signing the Farm Relief Bill" May 12, 1933 |author1=Peters, Gerhard |author2=Woolley, John T |work=The American Presidency Project |publisher=University of California – Santa Barbara |access-date=July 4, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Hurt2002, p69">Hurt, R. Douglas, ''Problems of Plenty: The American Farmer in the Twentieth Century'', (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2002), 69.</ref> The [[Agriculture Marketing Act]], which established the Federal Farm Board in 1929, was seen as an important precursor to this act.<ref>Harris Gaylord Warren, Herbert Hoover and the Great Depression (New York: Oxford University Press, 1969), p. 175.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mises.org/rothbard/agd/chapter8.asp#new_deal_farm_program |title=The New Deal Farm Program |work=The Depression Begins: President Hoover Takes Command |publisher=Ludwig von Mises Institute}}</ref> The AAA, along with other New Deal programs, represented the federal government's first substantial effort to address economic welfare in the United States.<ref>Gates, Staci L. 2006. "[http://encyclopedia.federalism.org/index.php/Agricultural_Adjustment_Act_of_1933 Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933]." ''Federalism in American: An Encyclopedia.''</ref> | ||
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[[Category:New Deal legislation]] | [[Category:New Deal legislation]] | ||
[[Category:United States federal agriculture legislation]] | [[Category:United States federal agriculture legislation]] | ||