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  }}</ref> and other development pressures, Vermont has been designated one of America's most "endangered historic places" by the [[National Trust for Historic Preservation]].<ref>{{Cite book|author = Rimer, Sara |title = Vermont Debates Value of Saving a Rural Image|work = The New York Times|date = July 4, 1993}}</ref>
  }}</ref> and other development pressures, Vermont has been designated one of America's most "endangered historic places" by the [[National Trust for Historic Preservation]].<ref>{{Cite book|author = Rimer, Sara |title = Vermont Debates Value of Saving a Rural Image|work = The New York Times|date = July 4, 1993}}</ref>


From [[1856 United States presidential election in Vermont|1856]] (the first presidential election after the Republican Party's founding) to [[1988 United States presidential election in Vermont|1988]], Vermont voted Republican in every presidential election except [[1964 United States presidential election in Vermont|1964]], when [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] became the first of his party to carry the state amidst a national landslide. Since [[1992 United States presidential election in Vermont|1992]], Vermont has voted Democratic in every presidential election, marking a massive shift in the state's politics.<ref>Changing Patterns of Voting in the Northern United States: Electoral Realignment, 1952–1996, page 45: "Historian Charles Morrissey has noted that Canadian support for the democratic party{{nbsp}}..." "Table 3.5 Frenchest towns were most Democrat voting towns" Page 50, table 3.6 also shows towns with highest portion of French ancestry have highest portion of Democrat voters; highest portion of English ancestry corresponds with highest portion of Republican voters.</ref><ref>The Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History. (Two volume set) edited by Michael Kazin, Rebecca Edwards, Adam Rothman, page 535</ref><ref>Franco-Americans of New England: Dreams and Realities By Yves Roby page 239</ref><ref>Real Democracy: The New England Town Meeting and How It Works By Frank M. Bryan, page 264</ref>
From [[1856 United States presidential election in Vermont|1856]] (the first presidential election after the Republican Party's founding) to [[1988 United States presidential election in Vermont|1988]], Vermont voted Republican in every presidential election except [[1964 United States presidential election in Vermont|1964]], when [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] Lyndon B. Johnson became the first of his party to carry the state amidst a national landslide. Since [[1992 United States presidential election in Vermont|1992]], Vermont has voted Democratic in every presidential election, marking a massive shift in the state's politics.<ref>Changing Patterns of Voting in the Northern United States: Electoral Realignment, 1952–1996, page 45: "Historian Charles Morrissey has noted that Canadian support for the democratic party{{nbsp}}..." "Table 3.5 Frenchest towns were most Democrat voting towns" Page 50, table 3.6 also shows towns with highest portion of French ancestry have highest portion of Democrat voters; highest portion of English ancestry corresponds with highest portion of Republican voters.</ref><ref>The Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History. (Two volume set) edited by Michael Kazin, Rebecca Edwards, Adam Rothman, page 535</ref><ref>Franco-Americans of New England: Dreams and Realities By Yves Roby page 239</ref><ref>Real Democracy: The New England Town Meeting and How It Works By Frank M. Bryan, page 264</ref>


In 1995, the state banned the spreading of manure from December 15 to April 1, to prevent run-off and protect the water. Therefore, farms must have environmentally approved facilities to store manure during this time frame.<ref>{{Cite news | title=Winter manure spreading ban in effect | newspaper=the chronicle | location=Barton, Vermont | page= 21 | date=December 19, 2012 }}</ref>
In 1995, the state banned the spreading of manure from December 15 to April 1, to prevent run-off and protect the water. Therefore, farms must have environmentally approved facilities to store manure during this time frame.<ref>{{Cite news | title=Winter manure spreading ban in effect | newspaper=the chronicle | location=Barton, Vermont | page= 21 | date=December 19, 2012 }}</ref>
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[[File:March Visits Throughout Vermont 07.jpg|thumb|Senators [[Bernie Sanders]] and [[Patrick Leahy]] and Representative [[Peter Welch]] greet supporters in 2017.|alt=Three older men on a stage next to an American flag.]]
[[File:March Visits Throughout Vermont 07.jpg|thumb|Senators [[Bernie Sanders]] and [[Patrick Leahy]] and Representative [[Peter Welch]] greet supporters in 2017.|alt=Three older men on a stage next to an American flag.]]


Historically, Vermont was considered one of the most reliably [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] states in the country in terms of national elections. From [[1856 United States presidential election in Vermont|1856]] to [[1988 United States presidential election in Vermont|1988]], Vermont voted [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] only once, in [[Lyndon B. Johnson]]'s [[1964 United States presidential election in Vermont|landslide victory]] of 1964 against [[Barry M. Goldwater]]. It was also one of only two states—[[As Maine goes, so goes the nation|Maine is the other]]—where [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] was completely shut out in all four of his presidential bids. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Republican presidential candidates frequently won the state with over 70% of the vote.
Historically, Vermont was considered one of the most reliably [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] states in the country in terms of national elections. From [[1856 United States presidential election in Vermont|1856]] to [[1988 United States presidential election in Vermont|1988]], Vermont voted [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] only once, in Lyndon B. Johnson's [[1964 United States presidential election in Vermont|landslide victory]] of 1964 against [[Barry M. Goldwater]]. It was also one of only two states—[[As Maine goes, so goes the nation|Maine is the other]]—where [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] was completely shut out in all four of his presidential bids. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Republican presidential candidates frequently won the state with over 70% of the vote.


In the 1960s and 1970s, many people moved in from out of state.<ref name="vermonthistory1940">{{cite web |title=Modern Vermont 1940-today: Flatlanders vs. Woodchucks |url=http://vermonthistory.org/freedom_and_unity/vt_transition/flat_wood.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113005219/http://vermonthistory.org/freedom_and_unity/vt_transition/flat_wood.html |archive-date=January 13, 2013 |access-date=December 5, 2012 |publisher=Vermont Historical Society}}</ref><ref name="cohen">{{cite news|last=Cohen|first=Micah|title='New' Vermont Is Liberal, but 'Old' Vermont Is Still There|url=http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/01/new-vermont-is-liberal-but-old-vermont-is-still-there/?_php=true&_type=blogs&partner=rss&emc=rss&_r=0|access-date=February 23, 2015|newspaper=The New York Times|date=October 1, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Capen|first=David|title=A Planning Tool for Conservationists: Spatial Modeling of Past and Future Land Use in Vermont Towns|url=https://www.uvm.edu/rsenr/sal/lumodel/stateof.html|publisher=University of Vermont|access-date=December 5, 2012|archive-date=November 3, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103062540/http://www.uvm.edu/rsenr/sal/lumodel/stateof.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Much of this immigration included the arrival of more liberal political influences of the urban areas of [[New York (state)|New York]] and the rest of [[New England]] in Vermont.<ref name="cohen"/> The brand of Republicanism in Vermont has historically been a moderate one, and combined with the newcomers from out of state, this made Vermont friendlier to Democrats as the national GOP moved to the right. As evidence of this, in 1990 [[Bernie Sanders]], a self-described [[Democratic socialism|democratic socialist]], was elected to Vermont's [[Vermont's At-large congressional district|lone seat in the House]] as an independent. Sanders became the state's junior Senator in 2007. However, for his entire career in the House and Senate, Sanders has caucused with the Democrats and is counted as a Democrat for the purposes of committee assignments and voting for party leadership.<ref>{{cite news |last=Powell |first=Michael |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/04/AR2006110401124.html |title=Exceedingly Social, But Doesn't Like Parties |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=November 5, 2006 |access-date=July 28, 2021 }}</ref>
In the 1960s and 1970s, many people moved in from out of state.<ref name="vermonthistory1940">{{cite web |title=Modern Vermont 1940-today: Flatlanders vs. Woodchucks |url=http://vermonthistory.org/freedom_and_unity/vt_transition/flat_wood.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113005219/http://vermonthistory.org/freedom_and_unity/vt_transition/flat_wood.html |archive-date=January 13, 2013 |access-date=December 5, 2012 |publisher=Vermont Historical Society}}</ref><ref name="cohen">{{cite news|last=Cohen|first=Micah|title='New' Vermont Is Liberal, but 'Old' Vermont Is Still There|url=http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/01/new-vermont-is-liberal-but-old-vermont-is-still-there/?_php=true&_type=blogs&partner=rss&emc=rss&_r=0|access-date=February 23, 2015|newspaper=The New York Times|date=October 1, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Capen|first=David|title=A Planning Tool for Conservationists: Spatial Modeling of Past and Future Land Use in Vermont Towns|url=https://www.uvm.edu/rsenr/sal/lumodel/stateof.html|publisher=University of Vermont|access-date=December 5, 2012|archive-date=November 3, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103062540/http://www.uvm.edu/rsenr/sal/lumodel/stateof.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Much of this immigration included the arrival of more liberal political influences of the urban areas of [[New York (state)|New York]] and the rest of [[New England]] in Vermont.<ref name="cohen"/> The brand of Republicanism in Vermont has historically been a moderate one, and combined with the newcomers from out of state, this made Vermont friendlier to Democrats as the national GOP moved to the right. As evidence of this, in 1990 [[Bernie Sanders]], a self-described [[Democratic socialism|democratic socialist]], was elected to Vermont's [[Vermont's At-large congressional district|lone seat in the House]] as an independent. Sanders became the state's junior Senator in 2007. However, for his entire career in the House and Senate, Sanders has caucused with the Democrats and is counted as a Democrat for the purposes of committee assignments and voting for party leadership.<ref>{{cite news |last=Powell |first=Michael |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/04/AR2006110401124.html |title=Exceedingly Social, But Doesn't Like Parties |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=November 5, 2006 |access-date=July 28, 2021 }}</ref>
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