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Louisiana: Difference between revisions
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As an ethnically and culturally diverse state, pre-colonial, colonial and present-day Louisianians have adhered to a variety of religions and spiritual traditions; pre-colonial and colonial Louisianian peoples practiced various [[Native American religions]] alongside [[Christianity]] through the establishment of [[Spanish missions in Louisiana|Spanish]] and [[French colonization of the Americas|French missions]];<ref name=":8" /> and other faiths including [[Haitian Vodou]] and [[Louisiana Voodoo]] were introduced to the state and are practiced to the present day.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Voudou |url=https://64parishes.org/entry/voudou |access-date=2022-12-10 |website=64 Parishes |language=en |archive-date=November 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123174330/https://64parishes.org/entry/voudou |url-status=live }}</ref> In the colonial and present-day [[U.S. state]] of Louisiana, Christianity grew to become its predominant religion, representing 84% of the adult population in 2014 and 76.5% in 2020,<ref name=":6">{{cite web|title=Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics|url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/louisiana/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-10|website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|archive-date=October 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031065154/https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/louisiana/}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite web|title=PRRI – American Values Atlas|url=http://ava.prri.org/#religious/2020/States/religion/m/US-LA|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-19|website=Public Religion Research Institute|archive-date=February 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221221714/http://ava.prri.org/#religious/2020/States/religion/m/US-LA}}</ref> during two separate studies by the [[Pew Research Center]] and [[Public Religion Research Institute]]. | As an ethnically and culturally diverse state, pre-colonial, colonial and present-day Louisianians have adhered to a variety of religions and spiritual traditions; pre-colonial and colonial Louisianian peoples practiced various [[Native American religions]] alongside [[Christianity]] through the establishment of [[Spanish missions in Louisiana|Spanish]] and [[French colonization of the Americas|French missions]];<ref name=":8" /> and other faiths including [[Haitian Vodou]] and [[Louisiana Voodoo]] were introduced to the state and are practiced to the present day.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Voudou |url=https://64parishes.org/entry/voudou |access-date=2022-12-10 |website=64 Parishes |language=en |archive-date=November 23, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221123174330/https://64parishes.org/entry/voudou |url-status=live }}</ref> In the colonial and present-day [[U.S. state]] of Louisiana, Christianity grew to become its predominant religion, representing 84% of the adult population in 2014 and 76.5% in 2020,<ref name=":6">{{cite web|title=Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics|url=https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/louisiana/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-10|website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|archive-date=October 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031065154/https://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/louisiana/}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite web|title=PRRI – American Values Atlas|url=http://ava.prri.org/#religious/2020/States/religion/m/US-LA|url-status=live|access-date=2021-07-19|website=Public Religion Research Institute|archive-date=February 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221221714/http://ava.prri.org/#religious/2020/States/religion/m/US-LA}}</ref> during two separate studies by the [[Pew Research Center]] and [[Public Religion Research Institute]]. | ||
[[File:Antioch Baptist Church Shreveport.JPG|thumb|[[Antioch Baptist Church (Shreveport, Louisiana)|Antioch Baptist Church]] in Shreveport]] | [[File:Antioch Baptist Church Shreveport.JPG|thumb|[[Antioch Baptist Church (Shreveport, Louisiana)|Antioch Baptist Church]] in Shreveport]] | ||
Among its Christian population—and in common with other southern U.S. states—the majority, particularly in the north of the state, belong to various Protestant denominations. | Among its Christian population—and in common with other southern U.S. states—the majority, particularly in the north of the state, belong to various Protestant denominations. Protestantism was introduced to the state in the 1800s, with Baptists establishing two churches in 1812, followed by Methodists; Episcopalians first entered the state by 1805.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jones |first=Terry L. |date=2019-07-01 |title=The Protestant Intrusion |url=https://countryroadsmagazine.com/api/content/47530850-9c35-11e9-a87a-12f1225286c6/ |access-date=2023-01-30 |website=Country Roads Magazine |language=en-us}}</ref> Protestant Christians made up 57% of the state's adult population at the 2014 Pew Research Center study, and 53% at the 2020 Public Religion Research Institute's study. Protestants are concentrated in North Louisiana, Central Louisiana, and the northern tier of the Florida Parishes. | ||
Because of French and Spanish heritage, and their descendants the Creoles, and later Irish, Italian, Portuguese and German immigrants, southern Louisiana and Greater New Orleans are predominantly Catholic in contrast; according to the 2020 Public Religion Research Institute study, 22% of the adult population were Catholic.<ref name=":7" /> Since Creoles were the first settlers, planters and leaders of the territory, they have traditionally been well represented in politics; for instance, most of the early governors were Creole Catholics, instead of Protestants.<ref name=":8">{{CathEncy|wstitle=Louisiana}}</ref> As Catholics continue to constitute a significant fraction of Louisiana's population, they have continued to be influential in state politics. The high proportion and influence of the Catholic population makes Louisiana distinct among southern states.{{efn|Other Southern states have longstanding indigenous Catholic populations, and Florida's largely Catholic population of Cuban emigres has been influential since the 1960s. Yet, Louisiana is still unusual or exceptional in its extent of aboriginal Catholic settlement and influence. Among states in the [[Deep South]] (discounting [[Florida Panhandle|Florida's Panhandle]] and much of Texas) the historic role of Catholicism in Louisiana is unparalleled and unique. Among the states of the Union, Louisiana's unique use of the term ''parish'' (French {{lang|fr|la parouche}} or "{{lang|fr|la paroisse}}") for ''county'' is rooted in the pre-statehood role of Catholic church parishes in the administration of government.}} The [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New Orleans]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Baton Rouge|Diocese of Baton Rouge]], and [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Lafayette in Louisiana|Diocese of Lafayette in Louisiana]] are the largest Catholic jurisdictions in the state, located within the Greater New Orleans, Greater Baton Rouge, and Lafayette metropolitan statistical areas.[[File:St. Louis Cathedral (New Orleans).jpg|thumb|[[St. Louis Cathedral (New Orleans)|Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis]] in New Orleans]] | Because of French and Spanish heritage, and their descendants the Creoles, and later Irish, Italian, Portuguese and German immigrants, southern Louisiana and Greater New Orleans are predominantly Catholic in contrast; according to the 2020 Public Religion Research Institute study, 22% of the adult population were Catholic.<ref name=":7" /> Since Creoles were the first settlers, planters and leaders of the territory, they have traditionally been well represented in politics; for instance, most of the early governors were Creole Catholics, instead of Protestants.<ref name=":8">{{CathEncy|wstitle=Louisiana}}</ref> As Catholics continue to constitute a significant fraction of Louisiana's population, they have continued to be influential in state politics. The high proportion and influence of the Catholic population makes Louisiana distinct among southern states.{{efn|Other Southern states have longstanding indigenous Catholic populations, and Florida's largely Catholic population of Cuban emigres has been influential since the 1960s. Yet, Louisiana is still unusual or exceptional in its extent of aboriginal Catholic settlement and influence. Among states in the [[Deep South]] (discounting [[Florida Panhandle|Florida's Panhandle]] and much of Texas) the historic role of Catholicism in Louisiana is unparalleled and unique. Among the states of the Union, Louisiana's unique use of the term ''parish'' (French {{lang|fr|la parouche}} or "{{lang|fr|la paroisse}}") for ''county'' is rooted in the pre-statehood role of Catholic church parishes in the administration of government.}} The [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New Orleans]], [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Baton Rouge|Diocese of Baton Rouge]], and [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Lafayette in Louisiana|Diocese of Lafayette in Louisiana]] are the largest Catholic jurisdictions in the state, located within the Greater New Orleans, Greater Baton Rouge, and Lafayette metropolitan statistical areas.[[File:St. Louis Cathedral (New Orleans).jpg|thumb|[[St. Louis Cathedral (New Orleans)|Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis]] in New Orleans]] | ||