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American Battle Monuments Commission: Difference between revisions
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==History== | ==History== | ||
The ABMC was established by the [[United States Congress]] in 1923. Its purpose is to:<ref name="intro"/> | The ABMC was established by the [[United States Congress]] in 1923. | ||
* Commemorate the services of the | |||
* Establish suitable | Its purpose is to:<ref name="intro" /> | ||
* Control the design and construction of U.S. military monuments and markers in foreign countries by other | * Commemorate the services of the U.S. armed forces where they have served since April 6, 1917; | ||
* Establish suitable War memorials; designing, constructing, operating, and maintaining permanent U.S. military burial grounds in foreign countries; | |||
* Control the design and construction of U.S. military monuments and markers in foreign countries by other U.S. citizens and organizations, both public and private; | |||
* Encourage the maintenance of such monuments and markers by their sponsors. | * Encourage the maintenance of such monuments and markers by their sponsors. | ||
The | The United States Department of War established eight European burial grounds for World War I. The ABMC's first program was landscaping and erecting non-sectarian chapels at each of the eight sites, constructing 11 separate monuments and two tablets at other sites in Europe, and constructing the Allied Expeditionary Forces World War I Memorial in Washington, D.C.<ref name="history" /> For those buried who could not be identified during World War I, a percentage were commemorated by [[Star of David]] markers, rather than a cross; this practice was not continued for those who could not be identified during World War II.<ref>{{cite book|author=Richard Rubin|title=The Last of the Doughboys: The Forgotten Generation and Their Forgotten World War|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uzNuP4XYkLIC&pg=PA227|year=2013|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|isbn=978-0547843698|page=227|access-date=2015-10-29|archive-date=2016-05-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518084402/https://books.google.com/books?id=uzNuP4XYkLIC&pg=PA227|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
In 1934, President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] signed an executive order transferring control of the eight cemeteries to the ABMC, and made the commission responsible for the design, construction, maintenance and operation of all future permanent American military burial grounds outside the United States. | In 1934, President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] signed an executive order transferring control of the eight cemeteries to the ABMC, and made the commission responsible for the design, construction, maintenance and operation of all future permanent American military burial grounds outside the United States. | ||