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Secretary to the President of the United States: Difference between revisions
Secretary to the President of the United States (view source)
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At the time of its peak the Secretary to the President was a much admired government office held by men of high ability and considered as worthy as a cabinet rank;<ref>{{cite book| last = Herring| first = Pendleton| title = Presidential Leadership| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0jBJvRLMGToC&pg=PA102| access-date = 2009-05-18| year = 2006| publisher = [[Transaction Publishers]]| isbn = 978-1-4128-0556-8| page = 101| chapter = 5 }}</ref> it even merited an oath of office.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,744272,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101027051328/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,744272,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 27, 2010|title=The Presidency: Ted for Ted.|date=1932-05-09|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=2009-05-18}}</ref> Three private secretaries were later appointed to the Cabinet: [[George B. Cortelyou]], [[John Hay]] and [[Daniel S. Lamont]]. | At the time of its peak the Secretary to the President was a much admired government office held by men of high ability and considered as worthy as a cabinet rank;<ref>{{cite book| last = Herring| first = Pendleton| title = Presidential Leadership| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0jBJvRLMGToC&pg=PA102| access-date = 2009-05-18| year = 2006| publisher = [[Transaction Publishers]]| isbn = 978-1-4128-0556-8| page = 101| chapter = 5 }}</ref> it even merited an oath of office.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,744272,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101027051328/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,744272,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 27, 2010|title=The Presidency: Ted for Ted.|date=1932-05-09|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=2009-05-18}}</ref> Three private secretaries were later appointed to the Cabinet: [[George B. Cortelyou]], [[John Hay]] and [[Daniel S. Lamont]]. | ||
Under [[Warren G. Harding]], the size of the staff expanded to thirty-one, although most were clerical positions. During [[Herbert Hoover]]'s presidency however, he tripled the staff adding two additional private secretaries (at a salary of $10,000<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,737311,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101027215902/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,737311,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 27, 2010|title=Big Job.|date=1929-02-11|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=2009-05-09}}</ref> each – increased from $7,200<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/03/02/archives/7500-pay-for-tumulty-senate-committe-fixes-this-as-salary-of.html|title=$7,500 Pay for Tumulty|date=1913-02-03|newspaper= | Under [[Warren G. Harding]], the size of the staff expanded to thirty-one, although most were clerical positions. During [[Herbert Hoover]]'s presidency however, he tripled the staff adding two additional private secretaries (at a salary of $10,000<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,737311,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101027215902/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,737311,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 27, 2010|title=Big Job.|date=1929-02-11|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=2009-05-09}}</ref> each – increased from $7,200<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/03/02/archives/7500-pay-for-tumulty-senate-committe-fixes-this-as-salary-of.html|title=$7,500 Pay for Tumulty|date=1913-02-03|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=2009-05-18}}</ref>) added by Congress. The first Hoover designated his Legislative Secretary (the senior Secretary now informally referred to by the press as the president's "No.1 Secretary"<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://timeinc8-sd11.websys.aol.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,737453-2,00.html|title=Description|date=1929-03-04|magazine=Time|access-date=2009-05-09}} {{dead link|date=January 2013}}</ref> ), the second his Confidential Secretary, and the third his Appointments and [[Press Secretary]].<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,737311,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101027215902/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,737311,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 27, 2010|title=Big Job.|date=1929-02-11|magazine=Time|access-date=2009-05-09}}</ref> | ||
In 1933, [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] converted Hoover's two extra secretaries into the permanent [[White House Press Secretary]] and Appointments Secretary, but from 1933 to 1939, as he greatly expanded the scope of the federal government's policies and powers in response to the Great Depression, Roosevelt relied on his "[[Brain Trust]]" of top advisers. Although working directly for the president, they were often appointed to vacant positions in agencies and departments, from whence they drew their salaries since the White House lacked statutory or budgetary authority to create new staff positions. It wasn't until 1939, during Franklin D. Roosevelt's second term in office, that the foundations of the modern [[White House staff]] were created using a formal structure. Roosevelt was able to get Congress to approve the creation of the [[Executive Office of the President]] reporting directly to the president, which included the [[White House Office]]. As a consequence, the office of Secretary to the President was greatly diminished in stature (mostly due to the lack of a sufficient replacement to Roosevelt's confidant [[Louis McHenry Howe]] who had died in 1936) and had many of its duties supplanted by the Appointments Secretary. | In 1933, [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] converted Hoover's two extra secretaries into the permanent [[White House Press Secretary]] and Appointments Secretary, but from 1933 to 1939, as he greatly expanded the scope of the federal government's policies and powers in response to the Great Depression, Roosevelt relied on his "[[Brain Trust]]" of top advisers. Although working directly for the president, they were often appointed to vacant positions in agencies and departments, from whence they drew their salaries since the White House lacked statutory or budgetary authority to create new staff positions. It wasn't until 1939, during Franklin D. Roosevelt's second term in office, that the foundations of the modern [[White House staff]] were created using a formal structure. Roosevelt was able to get Congress to approve the creation of the [[Executive Office of the President]] reporting directly to the president, which included the [[White House Office]]. As a consequence, the office of Secretary to the President was greatly diminished in stature (mostly due to the lack of a sufficient replacement to Roosevelt's confidant [[Louis McHenry Howe]] who had died in 1936) and had many of its duties supplanted by the Appointments Secretary. | ||