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In 2004, then-Nevada house representative and Armed Services Committee member [[Jim Gibbons (American politician)|Jim Gibbons]] promoted SNC to receive a $4 million no-bid helicopter technology development contract. In the same timeframe, SNC was making political consulting payments to Jim Gibbons' wife, Dawn Gibbons. Dawn was also paid by Jim's political campaign, and a nonprofit set up by the couple also paid Dawn money. These payments were exposed in 2007 by ''The Wall Street Journal'', who also said a grand jury had convened for this and another corporation Gibbons had been entangled with.<ref name="theh_Defe">{{Cite web |title=Taxpayers for Common Sense: Defense Earmarks Abound in Nevada |work=The Hill |date=2 April 2007 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/politics/28652-defense-earmarks-abound-in-nevada}}</ref><ref name="wsj1">{{Cite web |title=Nevada Company's Capitol Ties |last=Wilke |first=John R. |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=30 March 2007 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB117521830609454045 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200523043704/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB117521830609454045 |archive-date=23 May 2020 }}</ref><ref name="nyti_Form">{{Cite web |title=Former Congressman's Wife Worked for Contract Winner |work=The New York Times |date=31 March 2007 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/31/washington/31gibbons.html |quote=In 2004, Mrs. Gibbons was paid as a consultant by the Sierra Nevada Corporation of Sparks, Nev., which received a no-bid contract that year to help develop technology to improve helicopter landing systems in desert conditions. The payments from Sierra Nevada were made to Politek Inc., a political consulting firm founded by Mrs. Gibbons, a former Nevada state legislator. The Journal reported that Politek's biggest client was her husband's 2004 re-election campaign, which paid the firm more than $93,000. }}</ref>
In 2004, then-Nevada house representative and Armed Services Committee member [[Jim Gibbons (American politician)|Jim Gibbons]] promoted SNC to receive a $4 million no-bid helicopter technology development contract. In the same timeframe, SNC was making political consulting payments to Jim Gibbons' wife, Dawn Gibbons. Dawn was also paid by Jim's political campaign, and a nonprofit set up by the couple also paid Dawn money. These payments were exposed in 2007 by ''The Wall Street Journal'', who also said a grand jury had convened for this and another corporation Gibbons had been entangled with.<ref name="theh_Defe">{{Cite web |title=Taxpayers for Common Sense: Defense Earmarks Abound in Nevada |work=The Hill |date=2 April 2007 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/politics/28652-defense-earmarks-abound-in-nevada}}</ref><ref name="wsj1">{{Cite web |title=Nevada Company's Capitol Ties |last=Wilke |first=John R. |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=30 March 2007 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB117521830609454045 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200523043704/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB117521830609454045 |archive-date=23 May 2020 }}</ref><ref name="nyti_Form">{{Cite web |title=Former Congressman's Wife Worked for Contract Winner |work=The New York Times |date=31 March 2007 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/31/washington/31gibbons.html |quote=In 2004, Mrs. Gibbons was paid as a consultant by the Sierra Nevada Corporation of Sparks, Nev., which received a no-bid contract that year to help develop technology to improve helicopter landing systems in desert conditions. The payments from Sierra Nevada were made to Politek Inc., a political consulting firm founded by Mrs. Gibbons, a former Nevada state legislator. The Journal reported that Politek's biggest client was her husband's 2004 re-election campaign, which paid the firm more than $93,000. }}</ref>


In 2009, SNC was tied to lobbying scandals from the [[PMA Group]] and Indiana congressman and [[United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense|House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense]] member [[Pete Visclosky]]. SNC paid PMA Group $280,000 in 2006 for lobbying, and PMA was exposed in a large lobbying scandal. A grand jury summoned Visclosky for documents and later declined to charge him. He was also cleared by the [[House Ethics Committee]], though Visclosky declined to be interviewed by the committee, and there were "troubling aspects" uncovered in the probe. An email from SNC's Dave Klinger justified their requested contribution amounts to Visclosky, stating "He has been a good supporter of SNC. We have gotten over 10M in [earmarks]". Referring to the Klinger email, [[Steven V. Roberts]] and [[Cokie Roberts]] called the PMA/SNC relationship "a bribe by any other name".<ref name="azda_Abri">{{Cite web |title=A bribe by any other name |last1=Steve |last2=Roberts |first2=Cokie |work=Arizona Daily Sun |date=11 March 2010 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://azdailysun.com/news/opinion/columnists/article_90124e89-e1df-5377-ae3b-0ef3a796fc86.html |quote='Bribe' is a hard term to define legally. But we know a payoff when we see one. And that e-mail exchange could not have been clearer: Sierra Nevada delivers for Visclosky because Visclosky delivers for Sierra Nevada. }}</ref><ref name="publ_Hous">{{Cite web |title=House ethics panel clears 'Murtha Method' representatives |author=Nick Schwellenbach |work=Center for Public Integrity |date=26 February 2010 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://publicintegrity.org/2010/02/26/2722/house-ethics-panel-clears-murtha-method-representatives |quote=Nick Schwellenbach }}</ref><ref name="wsj._Lawm">{{Cite web |title=Lawmaker Subpoenaed in Lobby Probe |last1=Bendavid |first1=Naftali |last2=Davis |first2=Susan |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=30 May 2009 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124362015474866997?mod=googlenews_wsj |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200523045757/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124362015474866997?mod=googlenews_wsj |archive-date=23 May 2020 }}</ref><ref name="web._Wayb">{{Cite web |title=111th Congress, 2nd Session U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Standards of Official Conduct in the Matter of Allegations Relating to the Lobbying Activities of Paul Magliocchetti and Associates Group, Inc. (PMA) |author=Zoe Lofgren |date=26 February 2010 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url=https://ethics.house.gov/Media/PDF/PMA%20Final%20Report.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303061125/https://ethics.house.gov/Media/PDF/PMA%20Final%20Report.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 March 2011 }}</ref><ref name="lasv_Fati">{{Cite web |title=Fatih Ozmen: Mystery man behind Sierra Nevada |work=Las Vegas Sun |date=8 April 2007 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://lasvegassun.com/news/2007/apr/08/fatih-ozmen-mystery-man-behind-sierra-nevada/ |quote=Most of the money went to the PMA Group, a mammoth lobbying firm in Washington founded by Paul Magliocchetti, formerly a top staffer on the House Appropriations defense subcommittee. Lockheed Martin, Boeing and dozens of other major defense contractors are on PMA's list of clients. Sierra Nevada, records show, has been among the firm's highest-paying clients the past two years, having paid it $280,000 last year. }}</ref><ref name="nyti_Lawm">{{Cite web |title=Lawmaker Said to Surface in Lobbying Inquiry |author=David D. Kirkpatrick |author2=Charlie Savage |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=3 April 2009 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/04/us/politics/04pma.html |quote=The Capitol Hill publication Roll Call reported two years ago that of the center's seven charter tenants, five were PMA clients whose employees contribute heavily to Mr. Visclosky's campaigns. Of the five, only NuVant Systems, a fuel cell company started by a chemistry professor, had its headquarters in Mr. Visclosky's district. Two others – the Sierra Nevada Corporation, based in Nevada, and ProLogic, based in West Virginia - are each also reported to be embroiled in federal investigations involving their earmarks. (The center has now signed more than a dozen other non-PMA clients.) }}</ref><ref name="nyti_Pane">{{Cite web |title=Panel Clears 7 Lawmakers in Lobbying Scandal |author1=Eric Lichtblau |author2=David D. Kirkpatrick |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=26 February 2010 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/27/us/politics/27webinquire.html |quote=For instance, executives at the Sierra Nevada Corporation made a series of donations to Mr. Visclosky after getting earmarks for the company. When a company executive asked why the business was contributing an additional $20,000, a second executive responded in a 2007 e-mail message: 'That's what each of the companies working with PMA and Visclosky have been asked to contribute. He has been a good supporter of SNC. We have gotten over 10M in adds from him,' he wrote, referring to the earmarks Sierra Nevada received. }}</ref>
In 2009, SNC was tied to lobbying scandals from the [[PMA Group]] and Indiana congressman and [[United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense|House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense]] member [[Pete Visclosky]]. SNC paid PMA Group $280,000 in 2006 for lobbying, and PMA was exposed in a large lobbying scandal. A grand jury summoned Visclosky for documents and later declined to charge him. He was also cleared by the [[House Ethics Committee]], though Visclosky declined to be interviewed by the committee, and there were "troubling aspects" uncovered in the probe. An email from SNC's Dave Klinger justified their requested contribution amounts to Visclosky, stating "He has been a good supporter of SNC. We have gotten over 10M in [earmarks]". Referring to the Klinger email, [[Steven V. Roberts]] and [[Cokie Roberts]] called the PMA/SNC relationship "a bribe by any other name".<ref name="azda_Abri">{{Cite web |title=A bribe by any other name |last1=Steve |last2=Roberts |first2=Cokie |work=Arizona Daily Sun |date=11 March 2010 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://azdailysun.com/news/opinion/columnists/article_90124e89-e1df-5377-ae3b-0ef3a796fc86.html |quote='Bribe' is a hard term to define legally. But we know a payoff when we see one. And that e-mail exchange could not have been clearer: Sierra Nevada delivers for Visclosky because Visclosky delivers for Sierra Nevada. }}</ref><ref name="publ_Hous">{{Cite web |title=House ethics panel clears 'Murtha Method' representatives |author=Nick Schwellenbach |work=Center for Public Integrity |date=26 February 2010 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://publicintegrity.org/2010/02/26/2722/house-ethics-panel-clears-murtha-method-representatives |quote=Nick Schwellenbach }}</ref><ref name="wsj._Lawm">{{Cite web |title=Lawmaker Subpoenaed in Lobby Probe |last1=Bendavid |first1=Naftali |last2=Davis |first2=Susan |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=30 May 2009 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124362015474866997?mod=googlenews_wsj |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200523045757/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB124362015474866997?mod=googlenews_wsj |archive-date=23 May 2020 }}</ref><ref name="web._Wayb">{{Cite web |title=111th Congress, 2nd Session U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Standards of Official Conduct in the Matter of Allegations Relating to the Lobbying Activities of Paul Magliocchetti and Associates Group, Inc. (PMA) |author=Zoe Lofgren |date=26 February 2010 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url=https://ethics.house.gov/Media/PDF/PMA%20Final%20Report.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303061125/https://ethics.house.gov/Media/PDF/PMA%20Final%20Report.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 March 2011 }}</ref><ref name="lasv_Fati">{{Cite web |title=Fatih Ozmen: Mystery man behind Sierra Nevada |work=Las Vegas Sun |date=8 April 2007 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://lasvegassun.com/news/2007/apr/08/fatih-ozmen-mystery-man-behind-sierra-nevada/ |quote=Most of the money went to the PMA Group, a mammoth lobbying firm in Washington founded by Paul Magliocchetti, formerly a top staffer on the House Appropriations defense subcommittee. Lockheed Martin, Boeing and dozens of other major defense contractors are on PMA's list of clients. Sierra Nevada, records show, has been among the firm's highest-paying clients the past two years, having paid it $280,000 last year. }}</ref><ref name="nyti_Lawm">{{Cite web |title=Lawmaker Said to Surface in Lobbying Inquiry |author=David D. Kirkpatrick |author2=Charlie Savage |work=The New York Times |date=3 April 2009 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/04/us/politics/04pma.html |quote=The Capitol Hill publication Roll Call reported two years ago that of the center's seven charter tenants, five were PMA clients whose employees contribute heavily to Mr. Visclosky's campaigns. Of the five, only NuVant Systems, a fuel cell company started by a chemistry professor, had its headquarters in Mr. Visclosky's district. Two others – the Sierra Nevada Corporation, based in Nevada, and ProLogic, based in West Virginia - are each also reported to be embroiled in federal investigations involving their earmarks. (The center has now signed more than a dozen other non-PMA clients.) }}</ref><ref name="nyti_Pane">{{Cite web |title=Panel Clears 7 Lawmakers in Lobbying Scandal |author1=Eric Lichtblau |author2=David D. Kirkpatrick |work=The New York Times |date=26 February 2010 |access-date=22 May 2020 |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/27/us/politics/27webinquire.html |quote=For instance, executives at the Sierra Nevada Corporation made a series of donations to Mr. Visclosky after getting earmarks for the company. When a company executive asked why the business was contributing an additional $20,000, a second executive responded in a 2007 e-mail message: 'That's what each of the companies working with PMA and Visclosky have been asked to contribute. He has been a good supporter of SNC. We have gotten over 10M in adds from him,' he wrote, referring to the earmarks Sierra Nevada received. }}</ref>


=== Wuhan Virology Institute report ===
=== Wuhan Virology Institute report ===
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