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Senate: Difference between revisions
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Political scientist William F. Connelly Jr., in his book "James Madison Rules America: The Constitutional Origins of Congressional Partisanship," argues that this structure "provides stability and continuity, balancing the rapidly changing political winds of the House of Representatives".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Connelly Jr. |first=William F. |title=James Madison Rules America: The Constitutional Origins of Congressional Partisanship |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers |year=2010 |isbn=978-0742599659 |publication-date=June 16, 2010}}</ref> Yale legal scholar [[Akhil Reed Amar]], in his book "America's Constitution: A Biography," explains that the Senate's structure is integral to the federal system, ensuring that smaller states have a voice in the democratic process.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Amar |first=Akhil Reed |title=America's Constitution: A Biography |date=September 13, 2005 |publisher=Random House |year=2005 |isbn=978-1400062621}}</ref> Stanford political theorist Bruce E. Cain writes that equal representation in the Senate "fosters a more inclusive and representative democracy, where diverse regional interests are considered in the legislative process" ensuring that legislation must account for a wide array of perspectives, promoting broader national cohesion.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cain |first=Bruce |title=Democracy More or Less: America's Political Reform Quandary (Cambridge Studies in Election Law and Democracy) |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-1107612266 |publication-date=December 8, 2014}}</ref> | Political scientist William F. Connelly Jr., in his book "James Madison Rules America: The Constitutional Origins of Congressional Partisanship," argues that this structure "provides stability and continuity, balancing the rapidly changing political winds of the House of Representatives".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Connelly Jr. |first=William F. |title=James Madison Rules America: The Constitutional Origins of Congressional Partisanship |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers |year=2010 |isbn=978-0742599659 |publication-date=June 16, 2010}}</ref> Yale legal scholar [[Akhil Reed Amar]], in his book "America's Constitution: A Biography," explains that the Senate's structure is integral to the federal system, ensuring that smaller states have a voice in the democratic process.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Amar |first=Akhil Reed |title=America's Constitution: A Biography |date=September 13, 2005 |publisher=Random House |year=2005 |isbn=978-1400062621}}</ref> Stanford political theorist Bruce E. Cain writes that equal representation in the Senate "fosters a more inclusive and representative democracy, where diverse regional interests are considered in the legislative process" ensuring that legislation must account for a wide array of perspectives, promoting broader national cohesion.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cain |first=Bruce |title=Democracy More or Less: America's Political Reform Quandary (Cambridge Studies in Election Law and Democracy) |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-1107612266 |publication-date=December 8, 2014}}</ref> | ||
On the one hand, some claim the U.S. Senate has a bias against Republicans. However, since 1920, Democrats have controlled the Senate for about 58 years. During most of that period Senate Democrats earned a larger share of Senate seats than their share of the national House vote. Since filibuster rules were revised in 1975, the Democratic Party earned filibuster-proof supermajorities three times after the [[1974 United States Senate elections|1974]], [[1976 United States Senate elections|1976]] and [[2008 United States Senate elections|2008]] Senate elections. The last time Republicans earned the same was in the 1920s. Equal representation for smaller states was pivotal for the legislative accomplishments of the Clinton presidency, like the [[Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993]] ''',''' and the Obama presidency, like the [[Affordable Care Act]], at a time when Democrats earned more seats in lower population states like North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, West Virginia, Nebraska and Iowa.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Showah |first=Robert |date=July 5, 2022 |title=How Democrats Lost Their Majorities |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-democrats-lost-their-majorities-electoral-college-republicans-grass-roots-south-midwest-senate-11657030192#comments_sector |work= | On the one hand, some claim the U.S. Senate has a bias against Republicans. However, since 1920, Democrats have controlled the Senate for about 58 years. During most of that period Senate Democrats earned a larger share of Senate seats than their share of the national House vote. Since filibuster rules were revised in 1975, the Democratic Party earned filibuster-proof supermajorities three times after the [[1974 United States Senate elections|1974]], [[1976 United States Senate elections|1976]] and [[2008 United States Senate elections|2008]] Senate elections. The last time Republicans earned the same was in the 1920s. Equal representation for smaller states was pivotal for the legislative accomplishments of the Clinton presidency, like the [[Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993]] ''',''' and the Obama presidency, like the [[Affordable Care Act]], at a time when Democrats earned more seats in lower population states like North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, West Virginia, Nebraska and Iowa.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Showah |first=Robert |date=July 5, 2022 |title=How Democrats Lost Their Majorities |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-democrats-lost-their-majorities-electoral-college-republicans-grass-roots-south-midwest-senate-11657030192#comments_sector |work=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=July 11, 2024 |archive-date=September 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240911125400/https://www.wsj.com/articles/how-democrats-lost-their-majorities-electoral-college-republicans-grass-roots-south-midwest-senate-11657030192#comments_sector |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||