Tennessee: Difference between revisions

Sgt. [[Alvin York|Alvin C. York]] of [[Fentress County, Tennessee|Fentress County]] became one of the most famous and honored American soldiers of [[World War I]]. He received the Congressional [[Medal of Honor]] for single-handedly capturing an entire German machine gun regiment during the [[Meuse–Argonne offensive]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Sergeant York, War Hero, Dies; Killed 25 Germans and Captured 132 in Argonne Battle |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/09/03/archives/sergeant-york-war-hero-dies-killed-25-germans-and-captured-132-in.html |url-access=limited |access-date=May 23, 2021 |work=The New York Times |date=September 3, 1964}}</ref> On July 9, 1918, Tennessee suffered the [[Great Train Wreck of 1918|worst rail accident in U.S. history]] when two passenger trains [[head-on collision|collided head on]] in Nashville, killing 101 and injuring 171.<ref name="Coggins2012">{{cite book |first=Allen R. |last=Coggins |title=Tennessee Tragedies: Natural, Technological, and Societal Disasters in the Volunteer State |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SfK6aBuqohQC&pg=PA158 |access-date=November 23, 2012 |date=January 15, 2012 |publisher=Univ. of Tennessee Press |isbn=978-1-57233-829-6 |page=158 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101183229/http://books.google.com/books?id=SfK6aBuqohQC&pg=PA158 |archive-date=January 1, 2014 |url-status=live |via=Google Books}}</ref> On August 18, 1920, Tennessee became the 36th and final state necessary to ratify the [[Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution]], which gave women the [[Women's suffrage|right to vote]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Tennessee and the 19th Amendment |url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/tennessee-women-s-history.htm |website=nps.gov |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=July 15, 2021 |date=July 31, 2020}}</ref> In 1925, [[John T. Scopes]], a high school teacher in [[Dayton, Tennessee|Dayton]], was [[Scopes Trial|tried and convicted]] for teaching [[evolution]] in violation of the state's recently passed [[Butler Act]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Israel|first=Charles Alan|title=Before Scopes: Evangelicalism, Education, and Evolution in Tennessee, 1870–1925|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5l4DBjpvLpgC&pg=PA161 |year=2004|publisher=[[University of Georgia Press]]|location=Athens, Georgia|page=161|isbn=9780820326450|via=Google Books}}</ref> Scopes was prosecuted by former [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] and presidential candidate [[William Jennings Bryan]] and defended by attorney [[Clarence Darrow]]. The case was intentionally publicized,<ref>{{cite book|last=Larson|first=Edward J.|author-link=Edward J. Larson|date=2004 |title=Evolution: The Remarkable History of a Scientific Theory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4HPewgEACAAJ|location=New York |publisher=[[Modern Library]]|pages=211–213|isbn=9780679642886|via=Google Books}}</ref> and highlighted the [[Rejection of evolution by religious groups|creationism-evolution controversy]] among religious groups.<ref>{{cite book |last=Cotkin|first=George|date=1992|title=Reluctant Modernism: American Thought and Culture, 1880–1900|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5T0l6BQc2kkC|location=Lanham, Maryland|publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]]|pages=7–14|isbn=9780742531475|via=Google Books}}</ref> In 1926, Congress authorized the establishment of [[Great Smoky Mountains National Park|a national park]] in the [[Great Smoky Mountains]], which was officially established in 1934 and dedicated in 1940.<ref>{{cite book|last=Pierce |first=Daniel S.|date=2000|title=The Great Smokies: From Natural Habitat to National Park|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QR-EmSQfPvgC|pages=140–151|location=Knoxville, TN|publisher=University of Tennessee Press|isbn=1572330791|via=Google Books}}</ref>