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Bechtel: Difference between revisions
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=== Founding and early years === | === Founding and early years === | ||
Bechtel's business activities began in 1898, when [[cattle]] farmer [[Warren A. Bechtel]] moved from [[Peabody, Kansas]], to the [[Oklahoma Territory]] to [[History of rail transport in the United States|construct railroads]] with his team of [[mule]]s.<ref name=Wolf2010>{{cite book |title=Big Dams and Other Dreams: The Six Companies Story |author=Donald E. Wolf |year=2010 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |isbn=978-0-8061-4162-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HKgHSrsqAosC&q=wattis+bechtel&pg=PA22 |access-date=April 11, 2014}}</ref><ref name=Hiltzik2011 /> Bechtel moved his family frequently between construction sites around the [[western United States]] for the next several years, eventually moving to [[Oakland, California]], in 1904, where he worked as the superintendent on the [[Western Pacific Railroad]].<ref name=Wolf2010 /> In 1906, W. A. Bechtel won his first subcontract to build part of the Oroville-to-Oakland section of the Western Pacific Railroad.<ref name=Wolf2010 /> That year he bought a [[steam shovel]], becoming a pioneer of the new technology.<ref name=Krause2004>{{cite news |title=He Built It -- And They Came; Be Diligent: Bechtel's hard work powered his drive to build the frontier |author=Reinhardt Krause |url=http://news.investors.com/management-leaders-in-success/091404-401236-he-built-it-and-they-came-be-diligent-bechtels-hard-work-powered-his-drive-to-build-the-frontier.htm |work=[[Investor's Business Daily]] |date=September 14, 2004 |access-date=April 15, 2014}}</ref><ref name=Wright1973>{{cite news |title=Company, 75, Still Is Family-Owned; Director of Companies Corporate Profile: Family-Owned Bechtel Is a World Builder at the Age of 75 Steamshovel Pioneer |author=Robert Wright |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/10/03/archives/company-75-still-is-familyowned-director-of-companies-corporate.html?ref=bechtelgroup |work= | Bechtel's business activities began in 1898, when [[cattle]] farmer [[Warren A. Bechtel]] moved from [[Peabody, Kansas]], to the [[Oklahoma Territory]] to [[History of rail transport in the United States|construct railroads]] with his team of [[mule]]s.<ref name=Wolf2010>{{cite book |title=Big Dams and Other Dreams: The Six Companies Story |author=Donald E. Wolf |year=2010 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |isbn=978-0-8061-4162-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HKgHSrsqAosC&q=wattis+bechtel&pg=PA22 |access-date=April 11, 2014}}</ref><ref name=Hiltzik2011 /> Bechtel moved his family frequently between construction sites around the [[western United States]] for the next several years, eventually moving to [[Oakland, California]], in 1904, where he worked as the superintendent on the [[Western Pacific Railroad]].<ref name=Wolf2010 /> In 1906, W. A. Bechtel won his first subcontract to build part of the Oroville-to-Oakland section of the Western Pacific Railroad.<ref name=Wolf2010 /> That year he bought a [[steam shovel]], becoming a pioneer of the new technology.<ref name=Krause2004>{{cite news |title=He Built It -- And They Came; Be Diligent: Bechtel's hard work powered his drive to build the frontier |author=Reinhardt Krause |url=http://news.investors.com/management-leaders-in-success/091404-401236-he-built-it-and-they-came-be-diligent-bechtels-hard-work-powered-his-drive-to-build-the-frontier.htm |work=[[Investor's Business Daily]] |date=September 14, 2004 |access-date=April 15, 2014}}</ref><ref name=Wright1973>{{cite news |title=Company, 75, Still Is Family-Owned; Director of Companies Corporate Profile: Family-Owned Bechtel Is a World Builder at the Age of 75 Steamshovel Pioneer |author=Robert Wright |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/10/03/archives/company-75-still-is-familyowned-director-of-companies-corporate.html?ref=bechtelgroup |work=The New York Times |date=October 3, 1973 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> He painted "W.A. Bechtel Co." on the side of the steam shovel, effectively establishing Bechtel as a company, although it was not yet incorporated.<ref name=Hiltzik2011>{{cite book |title=Colossus: The Turbulent, Thrilling Saga of the Building of Hoover Dam |author=Michael Hiltzik |year=2011 |publisher=Free Press |isbn=978-1-4165-3217-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-qMYJX4_8aQC&q=bechtel+peabody+kansas&pg=PA167 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> Bechtel completed work on a series of railroad contracts during the early 1900s, culminating in an extension of the [[Northwestern Pacific Railroad]] finished in 1914.<ref name=Wolf2010 /> | ||
Starting with the construction of Klamath River Highway in California in 1919, Bechtel ventured into jobs other than building railroads. The company built roads, bridges, and highways throughout the [[western United States]]. The company worked on its first [[hydroelectricity|hydroelectric]] projects in the 1920s for [[Pacific Gas and Electric Company]] in [[California]].<ref name=Krause2004 /><ref name=Wright1973 /><ref name=Brunn2011>{{cite book |author=Jason Henderson |editor=Stanley D. Brunn |title=Engineering Earth: The Impacts of Megaengineering Projects |publisher=Springer |date=2011 |pages=783–801 |chapter=Chapter 45: Bechtel: The Global Corporation |isbn=978-9048199198 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mEyjMx7EV8IC&q=1919+road+california+bechtel&pg=PA785}}</ref> | Starting with the construction of Klamath River Highway in California in 1919, Bechtel ventured into jobs other than building railroads. The company built roads, bridges, and highways throughout the [[western United States]]. The company worked on its first [[hydroelectricity|hydroelectric]] projects in the 1920s for [[Pacific Gas and Electric Company]] in [[California]].<ref name=Krause2004 /><ref name=Wright1973 /><ref name=Brunn2011>{{cite book |author=Jason Henderson |editor=Stanley D. Brunn |title=Engineering Earth: The Impacts of Megaengineering Projects |publisher=Springer |date=2011 |pages=783–801 |chapter=Chapter 45: Bechtel: The Global Corporation |isbn=978-9048199198 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mEyjMx7EV8IC&q=1919+road+california+bechtel&pg=PA785}}</ref> | ||
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During [[World War II]], the [[United States Maritime Commission]] invited the company to bid for a contract to build half of their order of 60 cargo ships. The company had no prior experience in [[shipbuilding]], but bid for the entire 60 ships.<ref name=Church1998 /><ref name=Baker2003>{{cite news |title=Bechtel's roots in Mideast / Lucrative projects date back to WWII |author=David R. Baker |url=http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Bechtel-s-roots-in-Mideast-Lucrative-projects-2618799.php#page-2 |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=May 4, 2003 |access-date=April 15, 2014}}</ref> Between 1941 and 1945, Bechtel's wartime shipyards, including [[Marinship]] and [[California Shipbuilding Corporation|Calship]], built 560 vessels. Bechtel also worked on a pipeline from the [[Yukon]] to [[Alaska]] called [[Canol pipeline|Canol]] for the [[United States Department of War]] during this period.<ref name=Pollack1989 /> | During [[World War II]], the [[United States Maritime Commission]] invited the company to bid for a contract to build half of their order of 60 cargo ships. The company had no prior experience in [[shipbuilding]], but bid for the entire 60 ships.<ref name=Church1998 /><ref name=Baker2003>{{cite news |title=Bechtel's roots in Mideast / Lucrative projects date back to WWII |author=David R. Baker |url=http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Bechtel-s-roots-in-Mideast-Lucrative-projects-2618799.php#page-2 |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=May 4, 2003 |access-date=April 15, 2014}}</ref> Between 1941 and 1945, Bechtel's wartime shipyards, including [[Marinship]] and [[California Shipbuilding Corporation|Calship]], built 560 vessels. Bechtel also worked on a pipeline from the [[Yukon]] to [[Alaska]] called [[Canol pipeline|Canol]] for the [[United States Department of War]] during this period.<ref name=Pollack1989 /> | ||
Under Stephen Bechtel Sr., the company diversified its projects and expanded its work into other countries. The company also focused on [[turnkey]] projects, a concept Stephen Bechtel Sr. pioneered, in which Bechtel handled a project from planning and design through construction.<ref name=Church1998 /><ref name=Pollack1989>{{cite news |title=Stephen D. Bechtel Is Dead at 88; Led Major Construction Concern |author=Andrew Pollack |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/15/obituaries/stephen-d-bechtel-is-dead-at-88-led-major-construction-concern.html?pagewanted=print |work= | Under Stephen Bechtel Sr., the company diversified its projects and expanded its work into other countries. The company also focused on [[turnkey]] projects, a concept Stephen Bechtel Sr. pioneered, in which Bechtel handled a project from planning and design through construction.<ref name=Church1998 /><ref name=Pollack1989>{{cite news |title=Stephen D. Bechtel Is Dead at 88; Led Major Construction Concern |author=Andrew Pollack |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/15/obituaries/stephen-d-bechtel-is-dead-at-88-led-major-construction-concern.html?pagewanted=print |work=The New York Times |date=March 15, 1989 |access-date=April 15, 2014}}</ref><ref name=MiningEngineering1998>{{cite news |title=Bechtel Corp., Industry Partnership Award |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-36598333.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611070901/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-36598333.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 11, 2014 |work=[[Mining Engineering]] |date=November 1, 1998 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> | ||
Bechtel's first job outside the U.S. was building the Mene Grande pipeline in [[Venezuela]] in 1940. In 1947, Bechtel began construction on what was then the world's longest oil pipeline, the [[Trans-Arabian Pipeline]], which began in [[Saudi Arabia]], ran across [[Jordan]] and [[Syria]], and ended in [[Lebanon]],<ref name=Church1998 /><ref name=Baker2003 /><ref name=Vassiliou>{{cite book |title=The A to Z of the Petroleum Industry | Bechtel's first job outside the U.S. was building the Mene Grande pipeline in [[Venezuela]] in 1940. In 1947, Bechtel began construction on what was then the world's longest oil pipeline, the [[Trans-Arabian Pipeline]], which began in [[Saudi Arabia]], ran across [[Jordan]] and [[Syria]], and ended in [[Lebanon]],<ref name=Church1998 /><ref name=Baker2003 /><ref name=Vassiliou>{{cite book |title=The A to Z of the Petroleum Industry | ||
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=== Increased business and visibility === | === Increased business and visibility === | ||
The [[Early 1980s recession|recession of the 1980s]] turned the company's focus toward new areas of growth including environmental cleanup and alternative energy projects.<ref name=Rothman1991 /><ref name=Hayes1985>{{cite news |title=Big Builders Learn to Think Small |author=Thomas C. Hayes |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/28/business/big-builders-learn-to-think-small.html?ref=bechtelgroup&pagewanted=all |work= | The [[Early 1980s recession|recession of the 1980s]] turned the company's focus toward new areas of growth including environmental cleanup and alternative energy projects.<ref name=Rothman1991 /><ref name=Hayes1985>{{cite news |title=Big Builders Learn to Think Small |author=Thomas C. Hayes |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/28/business/big-builders-learn-to-think-small.html?ref=bechtelgroup&pagewanted=all |work=The New York Times |date=July 28, 1985 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> In 1989 [[Riley P. Bechtel]] was named president of the company.<ref name=Lubove1999 /> | ||
In 1991, Bechtel, in a joint venture with [[Parsons Brinckerhoff]], broke ground on Boston's Central Artery/Tunnel Project or "[[Big Dig]]", a project the company had been in charge of since 1986.<ref name=Baker2006 /><ref name=Nelson03>{{cite news |title=Bechtel says report on overruns was unfair |author=Scott Bernard Nelson |url=http://www.boston.com/globe/metro/packages/bechtel/022103_folo.shtml |work=[[The Boston Globe]] |date=February 21, 2003 |access-date=September 25, 2014}}</ref> The Big Dig was, at the time, the largest and most complex urban transportation project ever undertaken in the US. The 20-year project was critiqued for rising costs and increasing scope of work, as the Big Dig became more complex than was originally estimated. Criticism of the project increased in 2005 when a leak sprang in one of the new tunnels. In the summer of 2006, a faulty tunnel ceiling panel collapsed, killing a motorist.<ref name=Baker2006>{{cite news |title=Big Dig tragedy could stain Bechtel's name / Delays, cost overruns, leaks and now a death in Boston puts spotlight on S.F. construction giant -- and some of its other mammoth projects |author=David R. Baker |url=http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Big-Dig-tragedy-could-stain-Bechtel-s-name-2492830.php#page-3 |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=July 19, 2006 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> Litigation ensued, and in January 2008, Bechtel settled with federal and state officials for $352 million with other contractors involved paying smaller amounts.<ref name=Baker08>{{cite news |title=Bechtel, partner settle Big Dig lawsuit |author=David R. Baker |url=http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Bechtel-partner-settle-Big-Dig-lawsuit-3230087.php |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=January 24, 2008 |access-date=September 9, 2014}}</ref> | In 1991, Bechtel, in a joint venture with [[Parsons Brinckerhoff]], broke ground on Boston's Central Artery/Tunnel Project or "[[Big Dig]]", a project the company had been in charge of since 1986.<ref name=Baker2006 /><ref name=Nelson03>{{cite news |title=Bechtel says report on overruns was unfair |author=Scott Bernard Nelson |url=http://www.boston.com/globe/metro/packages/bechtel/022103_folo.shtml |work=[[The Boston Globe]] |date=February 21, 2003 |access-date=September 25, 2014}}</ref> The Big Dig was, at the time, the largest and most complex urban transportation project ever undertaken in the US. The 20-year project was critiqued for rising costs and increasing scope of work, as the Big Dig became more complex than was originally estimated. Criticism of the project increased in 2005 when a leak sprang in one of the new tunnels. In the summer of 2006, a faulty tunnel ceiling panel collapsed, killing a motorist.<ref name=Baker2006>{{cite news |title=Big Dig tragedy could stain Bechtel's name / Delays, cost overruns, leaks and now a death in Boston puts spotlight on S.F. construction giant -- and some of its other mammoth projects |author=David R. Baker |url=http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Big-Dig-tragedy-could-stain-Bechtel-s-name-2492830.php#page-3 |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=July 19, 2006 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> Litigation ensued, and in January 2008, Bechtel settled with federal and state officials for $352 million with other contractors involved paying smaller amounts.<ref name=Baker08>{{cite news |title=Bechtel, partner settle Big Dig lawsuit |author=David R. Baker |url=http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Bechtel-partner-settle-Big-Dig-lawsuit-3230087.php |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |date=January 24, 2008 |access-date=September 9, 2014}}</ref> | ||
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In 2001, Bechtel began work on the [[Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant]] at the [[Hanford site]] in [[Washington (state)|Washington state]].<ref name=Cary11>{{cite news |title=Building technologies developed at Hanford vit plant |author=Annette Cary |url=http://www.tri-cityherald.com/2011/11/25/1730597_building-technologies-developed.html?rh=1 |work=[[Tri-City Herald]] |date=November 25, 2011 |access-date=September 17, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006070451/http://www.tri-cityherald.com/2011/11/25/1730597_building-technologies-developed.html?rh=1 |archive-date=October 6, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The project is a highly complex plant for the treatment of radioactive liquid waste that has employed new technologies and construction techniques that are the first of their kind. As of 2013, it is considered the most complex project in the US.<ref name=Cary11 /><ref name=Learn13>{{cite news |title=Sealed 'black cells' stall radioactive waste cleanup at Hanford nuclear reservation |author=Scott Learn |url=http://www.oregonlive.com/environment/index.ssf/2013/03/black_cells_behind_stalled_cle.html |work=[[The Oregonian]] |date=March 16, 2013 |access-date=September 25, 2014}}</ref> Management of the project has been the subject of controversy including the [[United States Department of Energy|Department of Energy]]'s [[Inspector General]] reports and [[Government Accountability Office]] studies regarding rising costs, nuclear safety and quality, and whistleblower allegations. For example, in 2013 the DOE Inspector General concluded that "Bechtel determined that there was a systemic problem and a breakdown in controls over the review of design changes", but that the company had taken steps to correct the problems.<ref name="Mufson13">{{cite news |title=Bechtel failed to do safety checks at nuclear waste plant, Energy Department report says |last1=Mufson |first1=Steven |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/bechtel-failed-to-do-safety-checks-at-nuclear-waste-plant-energy-department-report-says/2013/10/03/50e69782-2b8a-11e3-8ade-a1f23cda135e_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=October 3, 2013 |access-date=March 19, 2018}}</ref><ref name=cpi>{{cite news|last=LaFlure|first=Rebecca|title=Hanford nuclear site clean-up: The mess gets worse|url=http://investigations.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/11/18/21482804-hanford-nuclear-site-clean-up-the-mess-gets-worse?lite|access-date=January 24, 2014|newspaper=The Center for Public Integrity/NBC News|date=November 18, 2013}}</ref> | In 2001, Bechtel began work on the [[Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant]] at the [[Hanford site]] in [[Washington (state)|Washington state]].<ref name=Cary11>{{cite news |title=Building technologies developed at Hanford vit plant |author=Annette Cary |url=http://www.tri-cityherald.com/2011/11/25/1730597_building-technologies-developed.html?rh=1 |work=[[Tri-City Herald]] |date=November 25, 2011 |access-date=September 17, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006070451/http://www.tri-cityherald.com/2011/11/25/1730597_building-technologies-developed.html?rh=1 |archive-date=October 6, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The project is a highly complex plant for the treatment of radioactive liquid waste that has employed new technologies and construction techniques that are the first of their kind. As of 2013, it is considered the most complex project in the US.<ref name=Cary11 /><ref name=Learn13>{{cite news |title=Sealed 'black cells' stall radioactive waste cleanup at Hanford nuclear reservation |author=Scott Learn |url=http://www.oregonlive.com/environment/index.ssf/2013/03/black_cells_behind_stalled_cle.html |work=[[The Oregonian]] |date=March 16, 2013 |access-date=September 25, 2014}}</ref> Management of the project has been the subject of controversy including the [[United States Department of Energy|Department of Energy]]'s [[Inspector General]] reports and [[Government Accountability Office]] studies regarding rising costs, nuclear safety and quality, and whistleblower allegations. For example, in 2013 the DOE Inspector General concluded that "Bechtel determined that there was a systemic problem and a breakdown in controls over the review of design changes", but that the company had taken steps to correct the problems.<ref name="Mufson13">{{cite news |title=Bechtel failed to do safety checks at nuclear waste plant, Energy Department report says |last1=Mufson |first1=Steven |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/bechtel-failed-to-do-safety-checks-at-nuclear-waste-plant-energy-department-report-says/2013/10/03/50e69782-2b8a-11e3-8ade-a1f23cda135e_story.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=October 3, 2013 |access-date=March 19, 2018}}</ref><ref name=cpi>{{cite news|last=LaFlure|first=Rebecca|title=Hanford nuclear site clean-up: The mess gets worse|url=http://investigations.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/11/18/21482804-hanford-nuclear-site-clean-up-the-mess-gets-worse?lite|access-date=January 24, 2014|newspaper=The Center for Public Integrity/NBC News|date=November 18, 2013}}</ref> | ||
In 2003, Bechtel won a $680 million contract to begin rebuilding infrastructure in Iraq for [[United States Agency for International Development|U.S. Agency for International Development]]. The contract led to the company being accused of both non-competitive bidding and [[war profiteering]].<ref name=DavisMarch2003>{{cite news |title=Bechtel Target of Anti-War Protesters |author=Aaron Davis and Dana Hull |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-99317135.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150323165835/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-99317135.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 23, 2015 |work=[[Knight Ridder]] |date=March 28, 2003 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> Bechtel won a competitively-bid second contract in January 2004,<ref name=Janofsky04>{{cite news |title=Bechtel Wins Its Second Big Contract for Iraq|author=Michael Janofsky |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/07/world/struggle-for-iraq-reconstruction-bechtel-wins-its-second-big-contract-for-iraq.html |work= | In 2003, Bechtel won a $680 million contract to begin rebuilding infrastructure in Iraq for [[United States Agency for International Development|U.S. Agency for International Development]]. The contract led to the company being accused of both non-competitive bidding and [[war profiteering]].<ref name=DavisMarch2003>{{cite news |title=Bechtel Target of Anti-War Protesters |author=Aaron Davis and Dana Hull |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-99317135.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150323165835/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-99317135.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 23, 2015 |work=[[Knight Ridder]] |date=March 28, 2003 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> Bechtel won a competitively-bid second contract in January 2004,<ref name=Janofsky04>{{cite news |title=Bechtel Wins Its Second Big Contract for Iraq|author=Michael Janofsky |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/07/world/struggle-for-iraq-reconstruction-bechtel-wins-its-second-big-contract-for-iraq.html |work=The New York Times |date=January 7, 2004 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> and completed 97 of 99 task orders of the contract, returning the two remaining projects due to the escalating security concerns in the country.<ref name=Sawyer06>{{cite news |title=Bechtel Speaks About Work in a War Zone |author=Tom Sawyer and Andrew G. Wright |url=http://www.enr.com/articles/35628-bechtel-speaks-about-work-in-a-war-zone?v=preview |work=[[Engineering News-Record]] |date=October 30, 2006 |access-date=August 21, 2014}}</ref> | ||
Following [[Hurricane Katrina]] in 2005, Bechtel was one of four companies hired by [[Federal Emergency Management Agency|FEMA]] to build temporary housing.<ref name=Baker2006 /> Bechtel delivered over 35,000 trailers in under a year for displaced residents in [[Mississippi]], though the company was criticized by officials and in the media for the cost and quality of work.<ref name=Kaye2007>{{cite news |title=Controversy Continues over Post-Katrina Spending on Trailers |author=Jefferey Kaye |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/weather-jan-june07-katrina_04-09/ |work=[[PBS]] |date=April 9, 2007 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> | Following [[Hurricane Katrina]] in 2005, Bechtel was one of four companies hired by [[Federal Emergency Management Agency|FEMA]] to build temporary housing.<ref name=Baker2006 /> Bechtel delivered over 35,000 trailers in under a year for displaced residents in [[Mississippi]], though the company was criticized by officials and in the media for the cost and quality of work.<ref name=Kaye2007>{{cite news |title=Controversy Continues over Post-Katrina Spending on Trailers |author=Jefferey Kaye |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/weather-jan-june07-katrina_04-09/ |work=[[PBS]] |date=April 9, 2007 |access-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> | ||
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|[[Kuwaiti oil fires|Kuwait Oil Field Restoration]] | |[[Kuwaiti oil fires|Kuwait Oil Field Restoration]] | ||
|[[File:Bergan oil field fire.jpg|120px]] | |[[File:Bergan oil field fire.jpg|120px]] | ||
|Following the [[Gulf War]], Bechtel was contracted to lead a team to restore [[oil field]]s damaged by Iraqi forces, including repairing 749 wells, of which 650 were on fire. Bechtel completed the task in eight months and under budget.<ref name=Wald1991>{{cite news |title=Amid Ceremony and Ingenuity, Kuwait's Oil-Well Fires Are Declared Out |author=Matthew L. Wald |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/07/world/amid-ceremony-and-ingenuity-kuwait-s-oil-well-fires-are-declared-out.html |work= | |Following the [[Gulf War]], Bechtel was contracted to lead a team to restore [[oil field]]s damaged by Iraqi forces, including repairing 749 wells, of which 650 were on fire. Bechtel completed the task in eight months and under budget.<ref name=Wald1991>{{cite news |title=Amid Ceremony and Ingenuity, Kuwait's Oil-Well Fires Are Declared Out |author=Matthew L. Wald |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/07/world/amid-ceremony-and-ingenuity-kuwait-s-oil-well-fires-are-declared-out.html |work=The New York Times |date=November 7, 1991|access-date=August 1, 2016}}</ref> | ||
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|[[Big Dig|Boston Central Artery/Tunnel]] | |[[Big Dig|Boston Central Artery/Tunnel]] | ||
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|[[Hanford site|Hanford Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant]] | |[[Hanford site|Hanford Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant]] | ||
|[[File:Handfor ERDF Grand Opening.jpg|120px]] | |[[File:Handfor ERDF Grand Opening.jpg|120px]] | ||
|[[Vitrification]] plant to process [[radioactive waste]] at the [[Hanford site]] in [[Washington (state)|Washington]] into a stable form that can be safely disposed. Bechtel was selected by the [[United States Department of Energy]] to lead the team designing, constructing, and commissioning the plant,<ref name=Wald2013 /> which is expected be the largest of its kind.<ref name=Newcomb2016>{{cite news |title=Hanford Vit Plant Takes Big Step |author=Tim Newcomb |url=http://www.enr.com/blogs/15-evergreen/post/40290-hanford-vit-plant-takes-big-step |work=[[Engineering News-Record]] |date=September 26, 2016 |access-date=October 4, 2016}}</ref> Work began in 2001, but the project had significant delays due to technical problems and design issues.<ref name=Wald2013>{{cite news |title=Treatment Plant for Waste in Nuclear Cleanup Has Design Flaws, Panel Says |author=Matthew L Wald |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/03/science/earth/treatment-plant-for-waste-in-nuclear-cleanup-has-design-flaws-panel-says.html |work= | |[[Vitrification]] plant to process [[radioactive waste]] at the [[Hanford site]] in [[Washington (state)|Washington]] into a stable form that can be safely disposed. Bechtel was selected by the [[United States Department of Energy]] to lead the team designing, constructing, and commissioning the plant,<ref name=Wald2013 /> which is expected be the largest of its kind.<ref name=Newcomb2016>{{cite news |title=Hanford Vit Plant Takes Big Step |author=Tim Newcomb |url=http://www.enr.com/blogs/15-evergreen/post/40290-hanford-vit-plant-takes-big-step |work=[[Engineering News-Record]] |date=September 26, 2016 |access-date=October 4, 2016}}</ref> Work began in 2001, but the project had significant delays due to technical problems and design issues.<ref name=Wald2013>{{cite news |title=Treatment Plant for Waste in Nuclear Cleanup Has Design Flaws, Panel Says |author=Matthew L Wald |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/03/science/earth/treatment-plant-for-waste-in-nuclear-cleanup-has-design-flaws-panel-says.html |work=The New York Times |date=April 2, 2013 |access-date=August 10, 2016}}</ref> A new plant for processing "low-activity" waste was completed in January 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.energy.gov/em/articles/doe-leaders-announce-completion-key-step-toward-hanford-tank-waste-treatment |title=DOE Leaders Announce Completion of Key Step Toward Hanford Tank Waste Treatment|publisher=Office of Environmental Management|date=January 10, 2021}}</ref> | ||
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|[[Tacoma Narrows Bridge]] | |[[Tacoma Narrows Bridge]] | ||