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#REDIRECT [[United States Homeland Security Council]]
{{short description|U.S. federal executive public safety, immigration and disaster relief forum}}
{{distinguish|United States National Security Council}}
{{Infobox government agency
| agency_name = United States Homeland Security Council
| seal = Seal of the Executive Office of the President of the United States 2014.svg
| seal_width = 140px
| formed = 2002
| preceding1 =
| jurisdiction =
| headquarters =
| employees =
| budget =
| image =
| chief1_name = [[President of the United States]]
| chief1_position =
| chief2_name = [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]],<br />[[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]],<br />[[United States Secretary of Treasury|Secretary of Treasury]],<br />[[United States Secretary of Defense|Secretary of Defense]],<br />[[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]],<br />
[[United States Secretary of Energy|Secretary of Energy]],<br />[[United States Secretary of Homeland Security|Secretary of Homeland Security]],<br />[[Homeland Security Advisor]],<br />[[National Security Advisor (United States)|National Security Advisor]],<br />Others as necessary
| parent_agency = [[Executive Office of the President of the United States]]
| child1_agency =
| website =
}}
 
The '''Homeland Security Council''' ('''HSC''') is an entity within the [[Executive Office of the President of the United States]] tasked with advising the [[President of the United States|president]] on matters relevant to [[Homeland security|Homeland Security]]. The current [[Homeland Security Advisor|homeland security advisor]] is [[Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall]].
 
==History==
[[File:Barack Obama Meeting Swine Flu Outbreak 5-1.jpg|thumb|left|President [[Barack Obama]] at Homeland Security Council meeting in [[Cabinet Room (White House)|Cabinet Room]] to discuss the [[2009 swine flu pandemic]]]]
The Homeland Security Council (HSC) is an entity within the Executive Office of the President and was created by {{Executive Order|13228}} on October 29, 2001, and subsequently expanded on by Homeland Security Presidential Directive 1.<ref>{{cite web |title=Homeland Security Presidential Directive 1 |url=https://fas.org/irp/offdocs/nspd/hspd-1.htm |date=29 October 2001 |publisher=Homeland Security Council |access-date=18 September 2009}}</ref>  It served as the successor to the Office of Homeland Security, established on September 20, 2001, immediately after the [[September 11 attacks]]. [[United States Congress|Congress]] subsequently [[Codification (law)|codified]] the HSC in the [[Homeland Security Act|Homeland Security Act of 2002]], charging it with advising the [[President of the United States|president]] on [[homeland security]] matters.<ref>P.L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2135 (2002).</ref>
 
On February 23, 2009, the [[Obama administration]] released Presidential Study Directive 1. This memorandum ordered a 60-day inter-agency review of the White House homeland security and [[counter-terrorism]] structure. The review recommended that the president merge the staff supporting the Homeland Security Council with the staff supporting the [[United States National Security Council|National Security Council]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Nichols |first=Hans |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=akzv9faU7Jko&refer=home |title=Obama Risks Cabinet Clashes to Expand National Security Council |publisher=Bloomberg.com |date=2009-03-05 |access-date=2012-05-17}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/02/26/AR2009022604199.html?hpid=moreheadlines |title=National Security Structure Is Set |publisher=Washingtonpost.com |date= February 27, 2009|access-date=2012-05-17 |first=Karen |last=DeYoung}}</ref> On May 26, 2009, [[Barack Obama]] signed the recommendation to merge the Homeland Security Council and National Security Council staffs into one National Security Staff. On February 10, 2014, President Obama renamed the National Security Staff the National Security Council (NSC) staff.<ref>[https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/02/10/nsc-staff-name-back-so-long-nss NSC Staff, the Name Is Back! So Long, NSS] The White House. February 10, 2014.</ref>
 
Policymakers and observers have debated whether the HSC staff should remain an independent entity within the White House or merged with the NSC staff.<ref>[http://cchs.gwu.edu/sites/cchs.gwu.edu/files/downloads/HSPI_Report_13.pdf The Homeland Security Council: Considerations for the Future] Frank Cilluffo and [[Daniel Kaniewski]], Homeland Security Policy Institute. April 2009.</ref> The HSC and NSC continue to exist by statute as independent councils of leadership advising the president.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/27/us/27homeland.html|title=In Security Shuffle, White House Merges Staffs (Published 2009)|first=Helene|last=Cooper|date=May 27, 2009|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref>
 
==Mission==
The Homeland Security Council is responsible for assessing the objectives, commitments, and risks of the United States, and for making recommendations to the president with respect to homeland security policy.
 
==Structure==
The HSC was similar to its [[national security]] counterpart, the [[United States National Security Council|National Security Council]] (NSC), which was established in the [[National Security Act of 1947]]. The HSC also maintained structural similarities with the NSC; the HSC consisted of full-time staff organized by subject areas relating to homeland security missions, with the Council itself being composed of [[United States Cabinet|Cabinet]] members and senior White House officials whose departments have principal interests in homeland security [[Public policy|policy-making]]. During the Bush administration, the council was chaired by the [[Homeland Security Advisor]]. The [[Joint Chiefs of Staff]] consist of the primary military advisers to the Homeland Security Council, as well as the National Security Council.<ref>[https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/10/151-] 10 USC 151. Joint Chiefs of Staff: composition; functions</ref> Due to the recommendations implemented by Obama, the Homeland Security Council and the National Security Council now have combined staff, the National Security Staff (NSS).
 
While similar in name, the [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Department of Homeland Security]] is a distinct [[United States federal executive departments|federal executive department]]; unlike DHS, the HSC functioned as part of the [[Executive Office of the President]], drawing staff from across federal agencies and under the direct control of the president.
 
==Membership==
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="2" | Structure of the United States Homeland Security Council (current)
|-
! Chair
| [[President of the United States]]
|-
! Regular attendees
| [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]]<br />[[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]]<br />[[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Secretary of the Treasury]]<br />[[United States Secretary of Defense|Secretary of Defense]]<br />[[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]]<br />[[United States Secretary of Energy|Secretary of Energy]]<br />[[United States Secretary of Homeland Security|Secretary of Homeland Security]]
[[National Security Advisor (United States)|National Security Advisor]]<br />[[Homeland Security Advisor]]<br />[[United States Ambassador to the United Nations|Ambassador to the United Nations]]
|-
! Statutory military advisor
|[[Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff]]
|-
! Statutory intelligence advisor
|[[Director of National Intelligence]]
|-
! Additional attendees
|[[White House Chief of Staff]]<br />[[White House Counsel]]<br />[[Office of Management and Budget|Director of the Office of Management and Budget]]
|}
 
== See also ==
* [[Homeland Security Advisor]]
* [[National Security Advisor (United States)|National Security Advisor]]
* [[United States National Security Council]]
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
{{EOP agencies}}
{{United States intelligence agencies}}
{{Authority control}}
 
[[Category:2001 establishments in the United States]]
[[Category:Disaster preparedness in the United States]]
[[Category:Executive Office of the President of the United States]]
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