National Heart, Lung, and Blood Act
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Act, officially the National Heart, Blood Vessel, Lung, and Blood Act of 1972 (Public Law 92-423), was enacted on September 19, 1972, to expand the scope and authority of the National Heart Institute (NHI) to address a broader range of diseases related to the heart, lungs, and blood.[1]
Key Provisions
Expansion of Scope
Name Change: The National Heart Institute was renamed to the National Heart and Lung Institute in 1969, and later to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in 1976 to reflect its expanded focus.[1]
Research and Program Expansion: Authorization for intensified research, prevention, and control efforts in heart, blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases including sickle cell anemia.[1]
National Heart, Blood Vessel, Lung, and Blood Disease Program
Research Intensification: Development of a comprehensive program to enhance research, prevention, and control of these diseases.[1]
Centers of Excellence: Establishment of 15 new centers for heart, blood vessel, and blood diseases and another 15 for chronic lung diseases, focusing on research, training, demonstration, and prevention.[1]
Blood Research
The act included responsibilities for research and management of blood resources, acknowledging the importance of blood-related diseases.[1]
Advisory Council
Enhancement of the role of the National Advisory Heart Council, which evolved into the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Advisory Council, to advise on research priorities and policy.[1]
Impact
Research Advancements: Significant contributions to scientific knowledge and medical practice in heart, lung, and blood diseases.[2] Public Health: Initiatives like the "Heart Truth" campaign have increased awareness and education, contributing to public health improvements.[2] Leadership in Health: The NHLBI has become a global leader, influencing health policy, research, and practice in its focus areas.[2]
Subsequent Developments
Amendments and Reauthorizations: The act has been periodically reauthorized and amended to meet contemporary health challenges within its scope.[1]