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{{Main|Early life of George W. Bush}}
{{Main|Early life of George W. Bush}}
[[File:GeorgeWBush1947.png|thumb|upright|left|George W. Bush with his parents, [[Barbara Bush|Barbara]] and [[George H. W. Bush]], {{circa}} 1947]]
[[File:GeorgeWBush1947.png|thumb|upright|left|George W. Bush with his parents, [[Barbara Bush|Barbara]] and [[George H. W. Bush]], {{circa}} 1947]]
George Walker Bush was born on July 6, 1946, at [[Grace-New Haven Hospital]] in [[New Haven, Connecticut]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Ahles |first=Dick |title=Bush's Birthplace? It's Deep in the Heart of ... New Haven |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/24/nyregion/bush-s-birthplace-it-s-deep-in-the-heart-of-new-haven.html |url-status=live |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=December 24, 2000 |access-date=December 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101026120450/http://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/24/nyregion/bush-s-birthplace-it-s-deep-in-the-heart-of-new-haven.html |archive-date=October 26, 2010}}</ref> He was the first child of [[George Herbert Walker Bush]] and [[Barbara Pierce]]. He was raised in [[Midland, Texas|Midland]] and [[Houston]], Texas with four siblings: [[Jeb Bush|Jeb]], [[Neil Bush|Neil]], [[Marvin Bush|Marvin]] and [[Dorothy Bush Koch|Dorothy]]. Another younger sister, [[Pauline Robinson Bush|Robin]], died from [[leukemia]] at the age of three in 1953.<ref>{{cite news |access-date=September 1, 2008 |date=February 3, 2005 |url=http://www.famoustexans.com/georgewbush.htm |title=George Walker Bush |work=[[Famous Texans]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915050752/http://www.famoustexans.com/georgewbush.htm |archive-date=September 15, 2008 |url-status=live |last1=Winner |first1=Lucky }}</ref> His paternal grandfather, [[Prescott Bush]], was a U.S. senator from [[Connecticut]].<ref>{{cite web |access-date=February 12, 2010 |url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=b001167 |title=Bush, Prescott Sheldon, (1895–1972) |publisher=[[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]] |archive-date=February 3, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100203192745/http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=b001167 |url-status=live }}</ref> His father was [[Ronald Reagan]]'s vice president from 1981 to 1989 and the 41st U.S. president from 1989 to 1993. Bush has [[English Americans|English]] and [[German Americans|German]] ancestry, along with more distant [[Dutch Americans|Dutch]], [[Welsh Americans|Welsh]], [[Irish Americans|Irish]], [[French Americans|French]], and [[Scottish Americans|Scottish]] roots.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ancestry of George W. Bush |publisher=Wargs.com |url=http://www.wargs.com/political/bush.html |access-date=April 20, 2010 |archive-date=September 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914194615/http://www.wargs.com/political/bush.html |url-status=live }}</ref>{{synthesis inline|date=January 2023}}
George Walker Bush was born on July 6, 1946, at [[Grace-New Haven Hospital]] in [[New Haven, Connecticut]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Ahles |first=Dick |title=Bush's Birthplace? It's Deep in the Heart of ... New Haven |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/24/nyregion/bush-s-birthplace-it-s-deep-in-the-heart-of-new-haven.html |url-status=live |work=The New York Times |date=December 24, 2000 |access-date=December 27, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101026120450/http://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/24/nyregion/bush-s-birthplace-it-s-deep-in-the-heart-of-new-haven.html |archive-date=October 26, 2010}}</ref> He was the first child of [[George Herbert Walker Bush]] and [[Barbara Pierce]]. He was raised in [[Midland, Texas|Midland]] and [[Houston]], Texas with four siblings: [[Jeb Bush|Jeb]], [[Neil Bush|Neil]], [[Marvin Bush|Marvin]] and [[Dorothy Bush Koch|Dorothy]]. Another younger sister, [[Pauline Robinson Bush|Robin]], died from [[leukemia]] at the age of three in 1953.<ref>{{cite news |access-date=September 1, 2008 |date=February 3, 2005 |url=http://www.famoustexans.com/georgewbush.htm |title=George Walker Bush |work=[[Famous Texans]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915050752/http://www.famoustexans.com/georgewbush.htm |archive-date=September 15, 2008 |url-status=live |last1=Winner |first1=Lucky }}</ref> His paternal grandfather, [[Prescott Bush]], was a U.S. senator from [[Connecticut]].<ref>{{cite web |access-date=February 12, 2010 |url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=b001167 |title=Bush, Prescott Sheldon, (1895–1972) |publisher=[[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]] |archive-date=February 3, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100203192745/http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=b001167 |url-status=live }}</ref> His father was [[Ronald Reagan]]'s vice president from 1981 to 1989 and the 41st U.S. president from 1989 to 1993. Bush has [[English Americans|English]] and [[German Americans|German]] ancestry, along with more distant [[Dutch Americans|Dutch]], [[Welsh Americans|Welsh]], [[Irish Americans|Irish]], [[French Americans|French]], and [[Scottish Americans|Scottish]] roots.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ancestry of George W. Bush |publisher=Wargs.com |url=http://www.wargs.com/political/bush.html |access-date=April 20, 2010 |archive-date=September 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914194615/http://www.wargs.com/political/bush.html |url-status=live }}</ref>{{synthesis inline|date=January 2023}}


=== Education ===
=== Education ===
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Bush portrayed himself as a [[compassionate conservative]], implying he was more centrist than other Republicans. He campaigned on a platform that included bringing integrity and honor back to the White House, increasing the size of the military, cutting taxes, improving education, and aiding minorities.<ref name=msn /> By early 2000, the race had centered on Bush and Arizona Senator [[John McCain]].<ref name=msn />
Bush portrayed himself as a [[compassionate conservative]], implying he was more centrist than other Republicans. He campaigned on a platform that included bringing integrity and honor back to the White House, increasing the size of the military, cutting taxes, improving education, and aiding minorities.<ref name=msn /> By early 2000, the race had centered on Bush and Arizona Senator [[John McCain]].<ref name=msn />


Bush won the [[Iowa caucuses]] and, although heavily favored to win the [[New Hampshire primary]], trailed McCain by 19 percent and lost. Despite this, he regained momentum and effectively became the front runner after the [[Republican Party presidential primaries, 2000|South Carolina primary]], which according to ''[[The Boston Globe]]'' made history for his campaign's negativity. ''[[The New York Times]]'' described it as a [[smear campaign]].<ref name="anatomy">{{cite news |url=https://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2004/03/21/the_anatomy_of_a_smear_campaign/ |title=The anatomy of a smear campaign |work=The Boston Globe |last=Davis |first=Richard H. |date=March 21, 2004 |access-date=June 23, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060515081611/http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2004/03/21/the_anatomy_of_a_smear_campaign/ |archive-date=May 15, 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Hook|first1=Janet|last2=Finnegan|first2=Michael|date=March 17, 2007|title=McCain loses some of his rebel edge|work=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-mar-17-na-mccain17-story.html|access-date=June 23, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060515081611/http://articles.latimes.com/2007/mar/17/nation/na-mccain17|archive-date=May 15, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/19/us/politics/19mccain.html |title=Confronting Ghosts of 2000 in South Carolina |work=The New York Times |date=October 19, 2007 |access-date=April 14, 2013 |last=Steinhauer |first=Jennifer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081209070019/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/19/us/politics/19mccain.html |archive-date=December 9, 2008 }}</ref>
Bush won the [[Iowa caucuses]] and, although heavily favored to win the [[New Hampshire primary]], trailed McCain by 19 percent and lost. Despite this, he regained momentum and effectively became the front runner after the [[Republican Party presidential primaries, 2000|South Carolina primary]], which according to ''[[The Boston Globe]]'' made history for his campaign's negativity. ''The New York Times'' described it as a [[smear campaign]].<ref name="anatomy">{{cite news |url=https://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2004/03/21/the_anatomy_of_a_smear_campaign/ |title=The anatomy of a smear campaign |work=The Boston Globe |last=Davis |first=Richard H. |date=March 21, 2004 |access-date=June 23, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060515081611/http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2004/03/21/the_anatomy_of_a_smear_campaign/ |archive-date=May 15, 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Hook|first1=Janet|last2=Finnegan|first2=Michael|date=March 17, 2007|title=McCain loses some of his rebel edge|work=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-mar-17-na-mccain17-story.html|access-date=June 23, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060515081611/http://articles.latimes.com/2007/mar/17/nation/na-mccain17|archive-date=May 15, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/19/us/politics/19mccain.html |title=Confronting Ghosts of 2000 in South Carolina |work=The New York Times |date=October 19, 2007 |access-date=April 14, 2013 |last=Steinhauer |first=Jennifer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081209070019/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/19/us/politics/19mccain.html |archive-date=December 9, 2008 }}</ref>


==== General election ====
==== General election ====
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[[File:Vladimir Putin at APEC Summit in China 19-21 October 2001-13.jpg|thumb|President Bush with Russian president [[Vladimir Putin]] in Shanghai, October 21, 2001. Russia had cooperated with the U.S. in the war on terror.]]
[[File:Vladimir Putin at APEC Summit in China 19-21 October 2001-13.jpg|thumb|President Bush with Russian president [[Vladimir Putin]] in Shanghai, October 21, 2001. Russia had cooperated with the U.S. in the war on terror.]]
Bush signed the [[Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty]] with Russia. He withdrew U.S. support for several international agreements, including, in 2002, the [[Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty]] (ABM) with Russia.<ref>Margot Light, "Russian-American Relations under George W. Bush and Vladimir Putin". ''Irish Studies in International Affairs'' (2008): 25–32.</ref> This marked the first time in post-World War II history that the United States had withdrawn from a major international arms treaty.<ref name=acaabm>{{cite web|title=U.S. Withdrawal From the ABM Treaty: President Bush's Remarks and U.S. Diplomatic Notes|url=http://www.armscontrol.org/act/2002_01-02/docjanfeb02|publisher=Arms Control Association|access-date=June 5, 2022|archive-date=May 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520171252/https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2002_01-02/docjanfeb02|url-status=live}}</ref> Russian President [[Vladimir Putin]] stated that American withdrawal from the ABM Treaty was a mistake.<ref name=nyt>{{cite news|title=Bush Pulls Out of ABM Treaty; Putin Calls Move a Mistake|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/13/international/bush-pulls-out-of-abm-treaty-putin-calls-move-a-mistake.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=December 13, 2001|access-date=June 5, 2022|archive-date=June 5, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605171349/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/13/international/bush-pulls-out-of-abm-treaty-putin-calls-move-a-mistake.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
Bush signed the [[Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty]] with Russia. He withdrew U.S. support for several international agreements, including, in 2002, the [[Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty]] (ABM) with Russia.<ref>Margot Light, "Russian-American Relations under George W. Bush and Vladimir Putin". ''Irish Studies in International Affairs'' (2008): 25–32.</ref> This marked the first time in post-World War II history that the United States had withdrawn from a major international arms treaty.<ref name=acaabm>{{cite web|title=U.S. Withdrawal From the ABM Treaty: President Bush's Remarks and U.S. Diplomatic Notes|url=http://www.armscontrol.org/act/2002_01-02/docjanfeb02|publisher=Arms Control Association|access-date=June 5, 2022|archive-date=May 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520171252/https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2002_01-02/docjanfeb02|url-status=live}}</ref> Russian President [[Vladimir Putin]] stated that American withdrawal from the ABM Treaty was a mistake.<ref name=nyt>{{cite news|title=Bush Pulls Out of ABM Treaty; Putin Calls Move a Mistake|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/13/international/bush-pulls-out-of-abm-treaty-putin-calls-move-a-mistake.html|work=The New York Times|date=December 13, 2001|access-date=June 5, 2022|archive-date=June 5, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605171349/https://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/13/international/bush-pulls-out-of-abm-treaty-putin-calls-move-a-mistake.html|url-status=live}}</ref>


Bush emphasized a careful approach to the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians; he denounced [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] leader [[Yasser Arafat]] for his support of violence, but sponsored dialogues between Prime Minister [[Ariel Sharon]] and Palestinian National Authority President [[Mahmoud Abbas]]. Bush supported Sharon's unilateral disengagement plan, and lauded the democratic elections held in Palestine after Arafat's death.
Bush emphasized a careful approach to the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians; he denounced [[Palestine Liberation Organization]] leader [[Yasser Arafat]] for his support of violence, but sponsored dialogues between Prime Minister [[Ariel Sharon]] and Palestinian National Authority President [[Mahmoud Abbas]]. Bush supported Sharon's unilateral disengagement plan, and lauded the democratic elections held in Palestine after Arafat's death.
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On June 1, 2020, Bush released a statement addressing the [[murder of George Floyd]] and the subsequent nationwide [[George Floyd protests|reaction and protests]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Oprysko|first=Caitlin|date=June 2, 2020|title=George W. Bush laments 'shocking failure' in treatment of black Americans|url=https://politico.com/news/2020/06/02/george-w-bush-protest-297133|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804065753/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/george-w-bush-george-floyd-death-statement|archive-date=August 4, 2020|access-date=June 1, 2020|website=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/02/politics/george-w-bush-george-floyd/index.html|title= George W. Bush on George Floyd protests: 'It is time for America to examine our tragic failures'|publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date= June 1, 2020}}</ref> In the statement, Bush wrote that he and former first lady [[Laura Bush]] "are anguished by the brutal suffocation of George Floyd and disturbed by the injustice and fear that suffocate our country".<ref>{{cite web|last=Watson|first=Kathryn|date=June 2, 2020|title=George W. Bush says George Floyd's death is latest "in a long series of similar tragedies"|url=https://cbsnews.com/news/george-w-bush-george-floyd-death-statement|access-date=June 1, 2020|publisher=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> He also elaborated on the racial injustices perpetrated by the police saying, that "it is time for America to examine our tragic failures", adding "Many doubt the justice of our country, and with good reason. Black people see the repeated violation of their rights without an urgent and adequate response from American institutions".<ref>{{cite web|last=Timm|first=Jane C.|date=June 2, 2020|title=Former President George W. Bush: 'It is time for America to examine our tragic failures'|url=https://nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/former-president-george-w-bush-it-time-america-examine-our-n1222591|access-date=June 1, 2020|publisher=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> On July 30, Bush and his wife, along with former presidents Bill Clinton and Barack Obama, attended and spoke at the funeral for civil rights leader and congressman [[John Lewis]] at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/509787-george-w-bush-honors-john-lewis-he-believed-in-america/|title= George W. Bush honors John Lewis: 'He believed in America'|website= The Hill.com|date= July 30, 2020|access-date= July 30, 2020}}</ref>
On June 1, 2020, Bush released a statement addressing the [[murder of George Floyd]] and the subsequent nationwide [[George Floyd protests|reaction and protests]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Oprysko|first=Caitlin|date=June 2, 2020|title=George W. Bush laments 'shocking failure' in treatment of black Americans|url=https://politico.com/news/2020/06/02/george-w-bush-protest-297133|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804065753/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/george-w-bush-george-floyd-death-statement|archive-date=August 4, 2020|access-date=June 1, 2020|website=[[Politico]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/02/politics/george-w-bush-george-floyd/index.html|title= George W. Bush on George Floyd protests: 'It is time for America to examine our tragic failures'|publisher=[[CNN]]|access-date= June 1, 2020}}</ref> In the statement, Bush wrote that he and former first lady [[Laura Bush]] "are anguished by the brutal suffocation of George Floyd and disturbed by the injustice and fear that suffocate our country".<ref>{{cite web|last=Watson|first=Kathryn|date=June 2, 2020|title=George W. Bush says George Floyd's death is latest "in a long series of similar tragedies"|url=https://cbsnews.com/news/george-w-bush-george-floyd-death-statement|access-date=June 1, 2020|publisher=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> He also elaborated on the racial injustices perpetrated by the police saying, that "it is time for America to examine our tragic failures", adding "Many doubt the justice of our country, and with good reason. Black people see the repeated violation of their rights without an urgent and adequate response from American institutions".<ref>{{cite web|last=Timm|first=Jane C.|date=June 2, 2020|title=Former President George W. Bush: 'It is time for America to examine our tragic failures'|url=https://nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/former-president-george-w-bush-it-time-america-examine-our-n1222591|access-date=June 1, 2020|publisher=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> On July 30, Bush and his wife, along with former presidents Bill Clinton and Barack Obama, attended and spoke at the funeral for civil rights leader and congressman [[John Lewis]] at Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/509787-george-w-bush-honors-john-lewis-he-believed-in-america/|title= George W. Bush honors John Lewis: 'He believed in America'|website= The Hill.com|date= July 30, 2020|access-date= July 30, 2020}}</ref>


Bush did not give any endorsements during [[2020 United States presidential election|the 2020 presidential election]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newsweek.com/jeb-george-bush-stay-silent-biden-endorsement-while-speaking-out-against-trump-1541381|title=Jeb and George Bush Stay Silent on Biden Endorsement While Speaking Out Against Trump|work=[[Newsweek]]|date=October 22, 2020|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> but held a virtual fundraiser for U.S. Senators [[Susan Collins]] (R-ME), [[Cory Gardner]] (R-CO), [[Martha McSally]] (R-AZ), and [[Thom Tillis]] (R-NC). All four were [[2020 United States Senate elections|up for reelection]] and were struggling in the polls.<ref>{{cite news |title=George W. Bush to hold virtual fundraiser for Republican senators|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/george-w-bush-to-host-virtual-fundraiser-for-republican-senators/2020/06/17/197694e2-b0c5-11ea-856d-5054296735e5_story.html|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]| first=Felicia |last=Sonmez| date=June 17, 2020 }}</ref> He also did not attend the [[2020 Republican National Convention]] where President Trump was re-nominated.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/27/us/politics/trump-rnc-missing-former-presidents.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200827221113/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/27/us/politics/trump-rnc-missing-former-presidents.html |archive-date=August 27, 2020 |url-access=limited |url-status=live|title=No Bushes, Reagans, Cheneys or McCains: Who Is Missing at Trump's R.N.C.|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=August 27, 2020|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> In April 2021, Bush told ''[[People (magazine)|People]]'' magazine that he did not vote for either Trump or [[Joe Biden]] in the election. Instead, he wrote in [[Condoleezza Rice]], who served as his national security advisor from 2001 to 2005 and as his secretary of state from 2005 to 2009.<ref>{{cite web|title=George W. Bush Says He Wrote-In Condoleezza Rice in 2020 Election and Clarifies 'Nativist' Comment|url=https://people.com/politics/george-w-bush-wrote-in-condoleeza-rice-in-the-2020-presidential-election/|access-date=April 24, 2021|website=People|language=en}}</ref> When the election was called for Biden, Bush congratulated him and his running mate [[Kamala Harris]]. He also congratulated Trump and his supporters "on a hard-fought campaign". Bush's outreach to Biden was notable since Republican candidate Donald Trump had not yet conceded. Bush then issued a statement saying that while Trump was within his rights to call for recounts, he believed the election was "fundamentally fair" and that "its outcome is clear", and said he would offer Biden "my prayers for his success, and my pledge to help in any way I can", as he had for Trump and Obama.<ref name="Bradner">{{Cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/11/08/politics/george-w-bush-congratulates-biden/index.html |title=Bush congratulates Biden, says election was 'fundamentally fair' and 'its outcome is clear' |author=Eric Bradner |publisher=CNN |date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Baker2020">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/08/us/politics/george-w-bush-congratulates-biden-on-his-victory.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108174541/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/08/us/politics/george-w-bush-congratulates-biden-on-his-victory.html |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=George W. Bush congratulates Biden on his victory |author=Peter Baker |work=The New York Times |date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Subramanian">{{Cite news |url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2020/11/08/george-w-bush-offers-congratulations-president-elect-joe-biden/6204399002/ |title=Former President George W. Bush extends 'warm congratulations' to President-elect Joe Biden |author=Courtney Subramanian & Michael Collins |work=USA Today |date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref>
Bush did not give any endorsements during [[2020 United States presidential election|the 2020 presidential election]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newsweek.com/jeb-george-bush-stay-silent-biden-endorsement-while-speaking-out-against-trump-1541381|title=Jeb and George Bush Stay Silent on Biden Endorsement While Speaking Out Against Trump|work=[[Newsweek]]|date=October 22, 2020|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> but held a virtual fundraiser for U.S. Senators [[Susan Collins]] (R-ME), [[Cory Gardner]] (R-CO), [[Martha McSally]] (R-AZ), and [[Thom Tillis]] (R-NC). All four were [[2020 United States Senate elections|up for reelection]] and were struggling in the polls.<ref>{{cite news |title=George W. Bush to hold virtual fundraiser for Republican senators|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/george-w-bush-to-host-virtual-fundraiser-for-republican-senators/2020/06/17/197694e2-b0c5-11ea-856d-5054296735e5_story.html|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]| first=Felicia |last=Sonmez| date=June 17, 2020 }}</ref> He also did not attend the [[2020 Republican National Convention]] where President Trump was re-nominated.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/27/us/politics/trump-rnc-missing-former-presidents.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200827221113/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/27/us/politics/trump-rnc-missing-former-presidents.html |archive-date=August 27, 2020 |url-access=limited |url-status=live|title=No Bushes, Reagans, Cheneys or McCains: Who Is Missing at Trump's R.N.C.|work=The New York Times|date=August 27, 2020|access-date=November 7, 2020}}</ref> In April 2021, Bush told ''[[People (magazine)|People]]'' magazine that he did not vote for either Trump or [[Joe Biden]] in the election. Instead, he wrote in [[Condoleezza Rice]], who served as his national security advisor from 2001 to 2005 and as his secretary of state from 2005 to 2009.<ref>{{cite web|title=George W. Bush Says He Wrote-In Condoleezza Rice in 2020 Election and Clarifies 'Nativist' Comment|url=https://people.com/politics/george-w-bush-wrote-in-condoleeza-rice-in-the-2020-presidential-election/|access-date=April 24, 2021|website=People|language=en}}</ref> When the election was called for Biden, Bush congratulated him and his running mate [[Kamala Harris]]. He also congratulated Trump and his supporters "on a hard-fought campaign". Bush's outreach to Biden was notable since Republican candidate Donald Trump had not yet conceded. Bush then issued a statement saying that while Trump was within his rights to call for recounts, he believed the election was "fundamentally fair" and that "its outcome is clear", and said he would offer Biden "my prayers for his success, and my pledge to help in any way I can", as he had for Trump and Obama.<ref name="Bradner">{{Cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2020/11/08/politics/george-w-bush-congratulates-biden/index.html |title=Bush congratulates Biden, says election was 'fundamentally fair' and 'its outcome is clear' |author=Eric Bradner |publisher=CNN |date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Baker2020">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/08/us/politics/george-w-bush-congratulates-biden-on-his-victory.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108174541/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/08/us/politics/george-w-bush-congratulates-biden-on-his-victory.html |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |url-access=limited |url-status=live |title=George W. Bush congratulates Biden on his victory |author=Peter Baker |work=The New York Times |date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Subramanian">{{Cite news |url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2020/11/08/george-w-bush-offers-congratulations-president-elect-joe-biden/6204399002/ |title=Former President George W. Bush extends 'warm congratulations' to President-elect Joe Biden |author=Courtney Subramanian & Michael Collins |work=USA Today |date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref>


[[File:210120-D-WD757-1270 (50861239906).jpg|thumb|George W. Bush and Laura at the inauguration of Joe Biden on January 20, 2021]]
[[File:210120-D-WD757-1270 (50861239906).jpg|thumb|George W. Bush and Laura at the inauguration of Joe Biden on January 20, 2021]]
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On September 11, 2021, the 20th anniversary of the September 11 attacks, Bush gave a speech at the [[Flight 93 National Memorial]], praising the heroism of the people on [[Flight 93]] and the spirit of America. He also said that he "saw millions of people instinctively grab for a neighbor's hand and rally to the cause of one another. That is the America I know."<ref>{{cite web|title='The nation I know': George W. Bush's powerful address commemorating the 20th anniversary of 9/11|date=September 11, 2021 |url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/george-w-bush-shanksville-transcript-154329368.html|access-date=September 11, 2021|publisher=Yahoo! News|language=en-GB}}</ref>
On September 11, 2021, the 20th anniversary of the September 11 attacks, Bush gave a speech at the [[Flight 93 National Memorial]], praising the heroism of the people on [[Flight 93]] and the spirit of America. He also said that he "saw millions of people instinctively grab for a neighbor's hand and rally to the cause of one another. That is the America I know."<ref>{{cite web|title='The nation I know': George W. Bush's powerful address commemorating the 20th anniversary of 9/11|date=September 11, 2021 |url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/george-w-bush-shanksville-transcript-154329368.html|access-date=September 11, 2021|publisher=Yahoo! News|language=en-GB}}</ref>


Bush condemned the [[Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania|assassination attempt]] on former President Trump on July 13, 2024, calling it "cowardly" and applauded the Secret Service's response.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Byrnes |first=Jesse |date=July 13, 2024 |title=George W. Bush condemns 'cowardly attack' at Trump rally |url=https://thehill.com/news/4770413-george-w-bush-condemns-cowardly-attack-trump-rally/mlite/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713235139/https://thehill.com/news/4770413-george-w-bush-condemns-cowardly-attack-trump-rally/mlite/ |archive-date=July 13, 2024 |access-date=July 13, 2024 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> However, Bush did not participate in that year's [[2024 Republican National Convention|Republican National Convention]], which took place two days after the attempt, and where Trump was renominated for a third time.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/16/us/politics/rnc-bush-quayle-pence-cheney-romney.html|title=Guess Who's Not Coming to Milwaukee? Bush, Quayle, Pence, Cheney or Romney|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=July 16, 2024|access-date=July 17, 2024}}</ref> He also chose not to endorse any candidate in the [[2024 United States presidential election|presidential election]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/former-president-george-w-bush-no-plans-endorse-2024-election-rcna170055|title=Former President George W. Bush has no plans to endorse in the election|work=[[NBC News]]|date=September 7, 2024|access-date=September 12, 2024}}</ref> Following Trump and [[JD Vance]]'s victory, Bush offered his congratulations. He stated that the large turnout for the election was a "sign of the health of our republic and the strength of our democratic institutions." He also congratulated Biden and Harris on their years of public office.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Martinez |first1=Xavier |title=George W. Bush Congratulates Trump |url=https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/trump-harris-election-day-results-2024/card/george-w-bush-congratulates-trump-dsNdvaWbdbDC5mo7RjhT |website=[[Wall Street Journal]] |access-date=6 November 2024}}</ref>
Bush condemned the [[Attempted assassination of Donald Trump in Pennsylvania|assassination attempt]] on former President Trump on July 13, 2024, calling it "cowardly" and applauded the Secret Service's response.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Byrnes |first=Jesse |date=July 13, 2024 |title=George W. Bush condemns 'cowardly attack' at Trump rally |url=https://thehill.com/news/4770413-george-w-bush-condemns-cowardly-attack-trump-rally/mlite/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713235139/https://thehill.com/news/4770413-george-w-bush-condemns-cowardly-attack-trump-rally/mlite/ |archive-date=July 13, 2024 |access-date=July 13, 2024 |work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref> However, Bush did not participate in that year's [[2024 Republican National Convention|Republican National Convention]], which took place two days after the attempt, and where Trump was renominated for a third time.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/07/16/us/politics/rnc-bush-quayle-pence-cheney-romney.html|title=Guess Who's Not Coming to Milwaukee? Bush, Quayle, Pence, Cheney or Romney|work=The New York Times|date=July 16, 2024|access-date=July 17, 2024}}</ref> He also chose not to endorse any candidate in the [[2024 United States presidential election|presidential election]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/former-president-george-w-bush-no-plans-endorse-2024-election-rcna170055|title=Former President George W. Bush has no plans to endorse in the election|work=[[NBC News]]|date=September 7, 2024|access-date=September 12, 2024}}</ref> Following Trump and [[JD Vance]]'s victory, Bush offered his congratulations. He stated that the large turnout for the election was a "sign of the health of our republic and the strength of our democratic institutions." He also congratulated Biden and Harris on their years of public office.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Martinez |first1=Xavier |title=George W. Bush Congratulates Trump |url=https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/trump-harris-election-day-results-2024/card/george-w-bush-congratulates-trump-dsNdvaWbdbDC5mo7RjhT |website=[[Wall Street Journal]] |access-date=6 November 2024}}</ref>


=== Collaborations ===
=== Collaborations ===
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