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Court of International Trade: Difference between revisions
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{{Organization | {{Organization | ||
|OrganizationName= | |OrganizationName=Court of International Trade | ||
|OrganizationType=Independent Agencies | |OrganizationType=Independent Agencies | ||
|Mission= | |Mission=United States Court of International Trade rules on customs and trade law cases, ensuring fair, consistent application to improve trade practices. | ||
| | |CreationLegislation=Customs Courts Act of 1980 | ||
|Employees=100 | |Employees=100 | ||
|Budget=$20 million (fiscal year 2023) | |Budget=$20 million (fiscal year 2023) | ||
| | |OrganizationExecutive=Chief Judge | ||
|Services=Judicial review of trade disputes; Customs law adjudication; International trade law enforcement | |Services=Judicial review of trade disputes; Customs law adjudication; International trade law enforcement | ||
|Regulations=Customs and trade laws under Title 19 of the U.S. Code | |Regulations=Customs and trade laws under Title 19 of the U.S. Code | ||
|HeadquartersLocation=40. | |HeadquartersLocation=40.7028, -74.01196 | ||
|HeadquartersAddress=One Federal Plaza, New York, NY 10278 | |HeadquartersAddress=One Federal Plaza, New York, NY 10278 | ||
|Website=https://www.cit.uscourts.gov | |||
}} | }} | ||
The '''United States Court of International Trade''' ([[case citation]]s: '''Ct. Int'l Trade''') is a [[Federal judiciary of the United States|U.S. federal court]] that adjudicates [[civil actions]] arising out of U.S. customs and [[international trade law]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Court |url=https://www.cit.uscourts.gov/about-court |access-date=2021-03-12 |website=Court of International Trade}}</ref> Seated in | The '''United States Court of International Trade''' ([[case citation]]s: '''Ct. Int'l Trade''') is a [[Federal judiciary of the United States|U.S. federal court]] that adjudicates [[civil actions]] arising out of U.S. customs and [[international trade law]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Court |url=https://www.cit.uscourts.gov/about-court |access-date=2021-03-12 |website=Court of International Trade}}</ref> Seated in New York City, it exercises broad jurisdiction over most trade-related matters, and is permitted to hear and decide cases anywhere in the country, as well as abroad.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Court |url=https://www.cit.uscourts.gov/about-court#JURISDICTION%20OF%20THE%20COURT |access-date=2021-03-12 |website=Court of International Trade |at= Jurisdiction of the Court}}</ref> | ||
The court originated with the [[Customs Administrative Act of 1890]], which established the '''Board of General Appraisers''' as a [[Quasi-judicial body|quasi-judicial entity]] of the [[United States Department of the Treasury|U.S. Treasury Department]] tasked with hearing disputes primarily concerning tariffs and import duties.<ref name=":0">Patrick C. Reed, ''[https://www.cit.uscourts.gov/sites/cit/files/Origins_and_Creation_of_the_Board_of_General_Appraisers.pdf The Origins and Creation of the Board of General Appraisers],'' pp. 92-92.</ref> In 1926, Congress replaced the Board with the '''United States Customs Court''', an [[Article I tribunal|administrative tribunal]] with greater judicial functions, which in 1930 was made independent of the Treasury Department. In 1956, the U.S. Customs Court was reconstituted by Congress as an [[Article III court|Article III tribunal]], giving it the status and privileges of a federal court. The Customs Courts Act of 1980 established the U.S. Court of International Trade in its current form, granting it jurisdiction over all trade matters and conferring its judges with life tenure.<ref name=":0" /> | The court originated with the [[Customs Administrative Act of 1890]], which established the '''Board of General Appraisers''' as a [[Quasi-judicial body|quasi-judicial entity]] of the [[United States Department of the Treasury|U.S. Treasury Department]] tasked with hearing disputes primarily concerning tariffs and import duties.<ref name=":0">Patrick C. Reed, ''[https://www.cit.uscourts.gov/sites/cit/files/Origins_and_Creation_of_the_Board_of_General_Appraisers.pdf The Origins and Creation of the Board of General Appraisers],'' pp. 92-92.</ref> In 1926, Congress replaced the Board with the '''United States Customs Court''', an [[Article I tribunal|administrative tribunal]] with greater judicial functions, which in 1930 was made independent of the Treasury Department. In 1956, the U.S. Customs Court was reconstituted by Congress as an [[Article III court|Article III tribunal]], giving it the status and privileges of a federal court. The Customs Courts Act of 1980 established the U.S. Court of International Trade in its current form, granting it jurisdiction over all trade matters and conferring its judges with life tenure.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
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| title = Chief Judge | | title = Chief Judge | ||
| name = [[Mark A. Barnett]] | | name = [[Mark A. Barnett]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1963 | | born = 1963 | ||
| term = 2013–present<ref group=Note>By virtue of his seniority of age, Judge Barnett holds seniority over Judge Kelly despite their identical commission dates.</ref> | | term = 2013–present<ref group=Note>By virtue of his seniority of age, Judge Barnett holds seniority over Judge Kelly despite their identical commission dates.</ref> | ||
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| title = Judge | | title = Judge | ||
| name = [[Claire R. Kelly]] | | name = [[Claire R. Kelly]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1965 | | born = 1965 | ||
| term = 2013–present | | term = 2013–present | ||
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| title = Judge | | title = Judge | ||
| name = [[Jennifer Choe-Groves]] | | name = [[Jennifer Choe-Groves]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1969 | | born = 1969 | ||
| term = 2016–present | | term = 2016–present | ||
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| title = Judge | | title = Judge | ||
| name = [[Gary Katzmann]] | | name = [[Gary Katzmann]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1953 | | born = 1953 | ||
| term = 2016–present | | term = 2016–present | ||
| Line 94: | Line 93: | ||
| title = Judge | | title = Judge | ||
| name = [[Timothy M. Reif]] | | name = [[Timothy M. Reif]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1959 | | born = 1959 | ||
| term = 2019–present | | term = 2019–present | ||
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| title = Judge | | title = Judge | ||
| name = [[M. Miller Baker]] | | name = [[M. Miller Baker]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1962 | | born = 1962 | ||
| term = 2019–present | | term = 2019–present | ||
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| title = Judge | | title = Judge | ||
| name = [[Stephen Vaden]] | | name = [[Stephen Vaden]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1982 | | born = 1982 | ||
| term = 2020–present | | term = 2020–present | ||
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| title = Judge | | title = Judge | ||
| name = [[Lisa Wang (judge)|Lisa Wang]] | | name = [[Lisa Wang (judge)|Lisa Wang]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1980 | | born = 1980 | ||
| term = 2024–present | | term = 2024–present | ||
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| title = Judge | | title = Judge | ||
| name = [[Joseph A. Laroski]] | | name = [[Joseph A. Laroski]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1971 | | born = 1971 | ||
| term = 2024–present | | term = 2024–present | ||
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| title = Senior Judge | | title = Senior Judge | ||
| name = [[Jane A. Restani]] | | name = [[Jane A. Restani]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1948 | | born = 1948 | ||
| term = 1983–2015 | | term = 1983–2015 | ||
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| title = Senior Judge | | title = Senior Judge | ||
| name = [[Thomas J. Aquilino]] | | name = [[Thomas J. Aquilino]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1939 | | born = 1939 | ||
| term = 1985–2004 | | term = 1985–2004 | ||
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| title = Senior Judge | | title = Senior Judge | ||
| name = [[Richard K. Eaton]] | | name = [[Richard K. Eaton]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1948 | | born = 1948 | ||
| term = 1999–2014 | | term = 1999–2014 | ||
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| title = Senior Judge | | title = Senior Judge | ||
| name = [[Timothy C. Stanceu]] | | name = [[Timothy C. Stanceu]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1951 | | born = 1951 | ||
| term = 2003–2021 | | term = 2003–2021 | ||
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| title = Senior Judge | | title = Senior Judge | ||
| name = [[Leo M. Gordon]] | | name = [[Leo M. Gordon]] | ||
| duty station = | | duty station = New York City | ||
| born = 1952 | | born = 1952 | ||
| term = 2006–2019 | | term = 2006–2019 | ||