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{{Organization
|OrganizationName=18F
|OrganizationType=Government Agency/Digital Consultancy
|Mission=To help other government agencies build, buy, and share technology products that improve public service delivery, focusing on user-centered design, agile development, and open source practices.
|ParentOrganization=Technology Transformation Services
|TopOrganization=General Service Administration
|CreationLegislation=No specific legislation; launched by GSA in March 2014 with the aim to improve government digital services.
|Employees=100
|Budget=Operates on a cost-recovery model; exact budget not publicly detailed but known to be self-funded through its services.
|OrganizationExecutive=Alina Seliukova (Director, as of last update)
|Services=* Agile IT development services for government projects.
* User-centered design and research for digital services.
* IT procurement consulting to streamline and modernize government acquisition processes.
* Open source software development and promotion.
|Regulations=* Must comply with federal acquisition regulations (FAR) and GSA-specific policies.
* Subject to oversight by the Office of Management and Budget for digital strategy and IT initiatives.
|HeadquartersLocation=38.8977, -77.0365
|HeadquartersAddress=1800 F Street NW, Washington, DC 20405 (Note: 18F is largely remote with this address representing the GSA headquarters)
|Website=[https://18f.gsa.gov/](https://18f.gsa.gov/)
}}
{{short description|Digital services agency within the United States Government}}
{{short description|Digital services agency within the United States Government}}
{{about|the US federal agency|the radioisotope <sup>18</sup>F|fluorine-18|the demonstration|18F (demonstration)}}
{{use mdy dates|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox government agency
{{Infobox government agency
|agency_name = 18F
|agency_name = 18F
|logo = File:18F 2016 logo.svg
|formed = {{Start date and age|2014|03|19}}
|formed = {{Start date and age|2014|03|19}}
|headquarters = [[United States General Services Administration Building|General Services Administration Building]]<br/>1800 F Street NW<br/>[[Washington, D.C.]]
|headquarters = [[United States General Services Administration Building|General Services Administration Building]]<br/>1800 F Street NW<br/>[[Washington, D.C.]]
|employees = 99 (6/17/2020)
|employees = 99 (6/17/2020)
|website = {{URL|https://18f.gsa.gov/}}
|website = {{URL|https://18f.gsa.gov/}}
|parent_agency=[[General Services Administration|General Services Administration (GSA)]]|logo_size=150px|name=|seal=|jurisdiction=|budget=|chief1_name=|chief1_position=|chief2_name=|chief2_position=|chief4_name=|chief4_position=}}
|parent_agency=[[General Services Administration|General Services Administration (GSA)]]|logo_size=150px|name=|jurisdiction=|budget=|chief1_name=|chief1_position=|chief2_name=|chief2_position=|chief4_name=|chief4_position=}}
'''18F''' is a digital services agency within the [[General Services Administration|Technology Transformation Services]] department of the General Services Administration (GSA) of the [[United States Government]]. Their purpose is to deliver digital services and technology products.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://18f.gsa.gov/|title=18F: Digital service delivery {{!}} Home|website=18f.gsa.gov|access-date=2016-12-17}}</ref>
'''18F''' is a digital services agency within the [[General Services Administration|Technology Transformation Services]] department of the General Services Administration (GSA) of the [[United States Government]]. Their purpose is to deliver digital services and technology products.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://18f.gsa.gov/|title=18F: Digital service delivery {{!}} Home|website=18f.gsa.gov|access-date=2016-12-17}}</ref>  


==Overview==
==Overview==
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In March 2014, a group of Presidential Innovation Fellows started 18F to extend their efforts to improve and modernize government technology.
In March 2014, a group of Presidential Innovation Fellows started 18F to extend their efforts to improve and modernize government technology.


The [[United Kingdom]] had created a similar agency in April 2011, [[Government Digital Service]], following their own healthcare IT issues,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bracken|first=Mike |title=U.K. Official Urges U.S. Government To Adopt A Digital Core|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2013/10/23/240268497/u-k-official-urges-u-s-government-to-adopt-a-digital-core|access-date=2020-06-29|website=NPR.org|language=en}}</ref> which saves an estimated $20 million a year over previous methods.<ref name="The Verge: new" /> 18F runs on a cost recovery model where client agencies reimburse the digital agency for its work.<ref name="FNR: new" /> Their operation is closer to a traditional business than government organizations like the [[Digital Services Innovation Center]].<ref name="FNR: new" />
The United Kingdom had created a similar agency in April 2011, [[Government Digital Service]], following their own healthcare IT issues,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bracken|first=Mike |title=U.K. Official Urges U.S. Government To Adopt A Digital Core|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2013/10/23/240268497/u-k-official-urges-u-s-government-to-adopt-a-digital-core|access-date=2020-06-29|website=NPR.org|language=en}}</ref> which saves an estimated $20 million a year over previous methods.<ref name="The Verge: new" /> 18F runs on a cost recovery model where client agencies reimburse the digital agency for its work.<ref name="FNR: new" /> Their operation is closer to a traditional business than government organizations like the [[Digital Services Innovation Center]].<ref name="FNR: new" />


18F's creation was announced by GSA Administrator [[Dan Tangherlini]] on March 19, 2014 with a mission to simplify the government's digital services,<ref name="FNR: new" /> but no project-specific directive.<ref name="The Verge: new" /> The agency started with 15 employees, including 11 former [[Presidential Innovation Fellows]] from both the private and public sectors.<ref name="FNR: new" /> The staff previously worked in [[Frontend and backend|front and backend development]], design and usability, and product management.<ref name="FNR: new" /> ''[[The Verge]]''{{'s}} Adrienne Jeffries reported that the agency released a GSA website code update in a half hour, which would normally take weeks or longer. She added that the team did not appear equipped to handle a rollout similar to that of [[HealthCare.gov]].<ref name="The Verge: new" />
18F's creation was announced by GSA Administrator [[Dan Tangherlini]] on March 19, 2014 with a mission to simplify the government's digital services,<ref name="FNR: new" /> but no project-specific directive.<ref name="The Verge: new" /> The agency started with 15 employees, including 11 former [[Presidential Innovation Fellows]] from both the private and public sectors.<ref name="FNR: new" /> The staff previously worked in [[Frontend and backend|front and backend development]], design and usability, and product management.<ref name="FNR: new" /> ''[[The Verge]]''{{'s}} Adrienne Jeffries reported that the agency released a GSA website code update in a half hour, which would normally take weeks or longer. She added that the team did not appear equipped to handle a rollout similar to that of [[HealthCare.gov]].<ref name="The Verge: new" />
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Upon its opening, 18F began to host the [[Presidential Innovation Fellows]] program that had started in May 2012, before 18F's own inception, in the Digital Government Strategy.<ref name="FNR: new" /> An initial list of projects was to be drafted in the months following the agency's creation.<ref name="FNR: new" /> A possible program called FBOpen, an open source small business and federal contractor interface for bidding on government contracts, was discussed at a [[United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs|Senate Homeland Security and Government Affairs]] hearing.<ref name="FNR: new" />
Upon its opening, 18F began to host the [[Presidential Innovation Fellows]] program that had started in May 2012, before 18F's own inception, in the Digital Government Strategy.<ref name="FNR: new" /> An initial list of projects was to be drafted in the months following the agency's creation.<ref name="FNR: new" /> A possible program called FBOpen, an open source small business and federal contractor interface for bidding on government contracts, was discussed at a [[United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs|Senate Homeland Security and Government Affairs]] hearing.<ref name="FNR: new" />


On March 19, 2015, 18F and collaborators launched [[analytics.usa.gov]].<ref name=whitehouse>{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2015/03/19/turning-government-data-better-public-service|title=Turning Government Data into Better Public Service|date=March 19, 2015|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=March 21, 2015}}</ref><ref name=nyt>{{cite web|url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/03/20/government-website-analytics/?_r=0|title=A Real-Time Peek at Traffic to U.S. Government Websites|last=Ruiz|first=Rebecca|date=March 20, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2015|work=[[The New York Times]] Bits blog}}</ref><ref name=geekwire>{{cite news|url=http://www.geekwire.com/2015/several-u-s-government-websites-now-offer-real-time-analytics/|title=Several U.S. government websites now offer real-time analytics|last=Brown|first=Molly|date=March 19, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2015|publisher=[[GeekWire]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://gcn.com/articles/2015/03/20/18f-web-analytics.aspx|title=Who's online now? 18F builds web analytics dashboard|date=March 19, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2015|publisher=GCN}}</ref> On September 12, 2015, the group launched the [[College Scorecard]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/12/fact-sheet-empowering-students-choose-college-right-them|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|title=Fact Sheet: Empowering Students to Choose the College that is Right for Them|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|date=2015-09-12}}</ref> Other projects of 18F have included [[myRA]] for the [[United States Department of the Treasury|U.S. Department of the Treasury]], [[Every Kid in a Park]] for the [[United States Department of the Interior|U.S. Department of the Interior]], and MyUSA for the [[General Services Administration]], in addition to redesigned websites for the [[Peace Corps|PeaceCorps]] and [[Federal Election Commission]]. All of its projects are [[Open-source software|open source]], meaning anyone can review and suggest updates to the code.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://18f.gsa.gov/press/|title=18F: Digital service delivery {{!}} Press|website=18f.gsa.gov|access-date=2016-12-17}}</ref>
On March 19, 2015, 18F and collaborators launched [[analytics.usa.gov]].<ref name=whitehouse>{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2015/03/19/turning-government-data-better-public-service|title=Turning Government Data into Better Public Service|date=March 19, 2015|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=March 21, 2015}}</ref><ref name=nyt>{{cite web|url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/03/20/government-website-analytics/?_r=0|title=A Real-Time Peek at Traffic to U.S. Government Websites|last=Ruiz|first=Rebecca|date=March 20, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2015|work=The New York Times Bits blog}}</ref><ref name=geekwire>{{cite news|url=http://www.geekwire.com/2015/several-u-s-government-websites-now-offer-real-time-analytics/|title=Several U.S. government websites now offer real-time analytics|last=Brown|first=Molly|date=March 19, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2015|publisher=[[GeekWire]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://gcn.com/articles/2015/03/20/18f-web-analytics.aspx|title=Who's online now? 18F builds web analytics dashboard|date=March 19, 2015|access-date=March 21, 2015|publisher=GCN}}</ref> On September 12, 2015, the group launched the [[College Scorecard]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/12/fact-sheet-empowering-students-choose-college-right-them|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|title=Fact Sheet: Empowering Students to Choose the College that is Right for Them|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|date=2015-09-12}}</ref> Other projects of 18F have included [[myRA]] for the [[United States Department of the Treasury|U.S. Department of the Treasury]], [[Every Kid in a Park]] for the [[United States Department of the Interior|U.S. Department of the Interior]], and MyUSA for the [[General Services Administration]], in addition to redesigned websites for the [[Peace Corps|PeaceCorps]] and [[Federal Election Commission]]. All of its projects are [[Open-source software|open source]], meaning anyone can review and suggest updates to the code.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://18f.gsa.gov/press/|title=18F: Digital service delivery {{!}} Press|website=18f.gsa.gov|access-date=2016-12-17}}</ref>


The existence of the agency in general and such projects in particular has led to resistance from established government IT firms.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.agilegovleaders.org/history-future-agile-federal-consultancy/|title=The history and future of an agile federal consultancy – Agile Government Leadership|website=www.agilegovleaders.org|access-date=2016-12-17|date=2016-08-16}}</ref> In addition, the agency faces the additional challenge of staying fiscally solvent. According to a recent [[Government Accountability Office|GAO]] report,<ref>{{Cite report|publisher=U.S. Government Accountability Office|date=2016-06-10|title=Digital Service Programs: Assessing Results and Coordinating with Chief Information Officers Can Improve Delivery of Federal Projects|url=http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-16-733T|issue=GAO-16-733T}}</ref> 18F is currently spending on average more than $1 million per month more than it recovers. In 2016 alone, the group will receive approximately $33 million for its services, but will spend almost $48 million.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nextgov.com/cio-briefing/2016/06/18f-tech-team-struggles-balance-its-books-soon-be-released-report-shows/128780/|title=EXCLUSIVE: 18F Tech Team Struggles to Cover its Costs, Draft Report Shows|newspaper=Nextgov|access-date=2016-12-17}}</ref> 18F is not expected to break even.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fcw.com/articles/2016/09/15/gao-digital-services-gunter.aspx|title=18F, USDS lack performance and accountability measures|website=FCW|access-date=2016-12-17}}</ref>
The existence of the agency in general and such projects in particular has led to resistance from established government IT firms.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.agilegovleaders.org/history-future-agile-federal-consultancy/|title=The history and future of an agile federal consultancy – Agile Government Leadership|website=www.agilegovleaders.org|access-date=2016-12-17|date=2016-08-16}}</ref> In addition, the agency faces the additional challenge of staying fiscally solvent. According to a recent [[Government Accountability Office|GAO]] report,<ref>{{Cite report|publisher=U.S. Government Accountability Office|date=2016-06-10|title=Digital Service Programs: Assessing Results and Coordinating with Chief Information Officers Can Improve Delivery of Federal Projects|url=http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-16-733T|issue=GAO-16-733T}}</ref> 18F is currently spending on average more than $1 million per month more than it recovers. In 2016 alone, the group will receive approximately $33 million for its services, but will spend almost $48 million.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nextgov.com/cio-briefing/2016/06/18f-tech-team-struggles-balance-its-books-soon-be-released-report-shows/128780/|title=EXCLUSIVE: 18F Tech Team Struggles to Cover its Costs, Draft Report Shows|newspaper=Nextgov|access-date=2016-12-17}}</ref> 18F is not expected to break even.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fcw.com/articles/2016/09/15/gao-digital-services-gunter.aspx|title=18F, USDS lack performance and accountability measures|website=FCW|access-date=2016-12-17}}</ref>