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Marshals Service: Difference between revisions
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During the 1920s, U.S. Marshals enforced [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]]. Marshals registered enemy aliens in wartime, sealed the American border against armed expeditions from foreign countries, and at times during the [[Cold War]] also swapped spies with the | During the 1920s, U.S. Marshals enforced [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]]. Marshals registered enemy aliens in wartime, sealed the American border against armed expeditions from foreign countries, and at times during the [[Cold War]] also swapped spies with the Soviet Union. | ||
In the 1960s the marshals were on the front lines of the [[civil rights movement]], mainly providing protection to volunteers. In September 1962, President [[John F. Kennedy]] ordered 127 marshals to accompany [[James Meredith]], an [[African American]] who wished to register at the segregated [[University of Mississippi]]. Their presence on campus provoked riots at the university, but the marshals stood their ground, and Meredith registered. Marshals provided continuous protection to Meredith during his first year at Ole Miss, and Attorney General [[Robert F. Kennedy]] later proudly displayed a deputy marshal's dented helmet in his office. U.S. Marshals also protected black school children integrating public schools in the South. Artist [[Norman Rockwell]]'s famous painting ''[[The Problem We All Live With]]'' depicted a tiny [[Ruby Bridges]] being escorted by four towering United States Marshals in 1964. | In the 1960s the marshals were on the front lines of the [[civil rights movement]], mainly providing protection to volunteers. In September 1962, President [[John F. Kennedy]] ordered 127 marshals to accompany [[James Meredith]], an [[African American]] who wished to register at the segregated [[University of Mississippi]]. Their presence on campus provoked riots at the university, but the marshals stood their ground, and Meredith registered. Marshals provided continuous protection to Meredith during his first year at Ole Miss, and Attorney General [[Robert F. Kennedy]] later proudly displayed a deputy marshal's dented helmet in his office. U.S. Marshals also protected black school children integrating public schools in the South. Artist [[Norman Rockwell]]'s famous painting ''[[The Problem We All Live With]]'' depicted a tiny [[Ruby Bridges]] being escorted by four towering United States Marshals in 1964. | ||
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===21st century=== | ===21st century=== | ||
Marshals have protected American athletes at [[Olympic Games]],<ref>{{cite press release |title=Preparing for the World: Homeland Security and Winter Olympics |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2002/01/20020110-7.html |website=The White House |access-date=25 March 2023 |date=10 January 2002 |archive-date=June 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604051021/https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2002/01/20020110-7.html |url-status=live }}</ref> the [[refugee]] boy [[Elián González]] before his return to [[Cuba]] in 2000,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bragg |first1=Rick |title=The Elian Gonzalez Case: The Overview; Cuban Boy Seized by U.S. Agents and Reunited With His Father |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/23/us/elian-gonzalez-case-overview-cuban-boy-seized-us-agents-reunited-with-his-father.html |access-date=25 March 2023 |work=The New York Times |date=23 April 2000 |archive-date=December 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227114031/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/23/us/elian-gonzalez-case-overview-cuban-boy-seized-us-agents-reunited-with-his-father.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[abortion]] clinics<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jun/01/us-shooting-abortion-doctor-rightwing-militia?CMP=gu_com |title=Security stepped up at abortion clinics in US after killing of Dr George Tiller |work= | Marshals have protected American athletes at [[Olympic Games]],<ref>{{cite press release |title=Preparing for the World: Homeland Security and Winter Olympics |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2002/01/20020110-7.html |website=The White House |access-date=25 March 2023 |date=10 January 2002 |archive-date=June 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604051021/https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2002/01/20020110-7.html |url-status=live }}</ref> the [[refugee]] boy [[Elián González]] before his return to [[Cuba]] in 2000,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bragg |first1=Rick |title=The Elian Gonzalez Case: The Overview; Cuban Boy Seized by U.S. Agents and Reunited With His Father |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/23/us/elian-gonzalez-case-overview-cuban-boy-seized-us-agents-reunited-with-his-father.html |access-date=25 March 2023 |work=The New York Times |date=23 April 2000 |archive-date=December 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227114031/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/23/us/elian-gonzalez-case-overview-cuban-boy-seized-us-agents-reunited-with-his-father.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[abortion]] clinics<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jun/01/us-shooting-abortion-doctor-rightwing-militia?CMP=gu_com |title=Security stepped up at abortion clinics in US after killing of Dr George Tiller |work=The Guardian |first=Chris |last=McGreal |date=June 1, 2009 |access-date=September 26, 2022 |archive-date=September 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926105822/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jun/01/us-shooting-abortion-doctor-rightwing-militia?CMP=gu_com |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.coloradoindependent.com/2009/05/31/attorney-general-directs-us-marshals-to-protect-abortion-clinics-providers/ |title=Attorney general directs U.S. marshals to protect abortion clinics, providers |publisher=Colorado Independent |first=Ernest |last=Luning |date=May 31, 2009 |access-date=September 26, 2022 |archive-date=September 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220926105834/https://www.coloradoindependent.com/2009/05/31/attorney-general-directs-us-marshals-to-protect-abortion-clinics-providers/ |url-status=live }}</ref> as required by federal law. In 2003, Marshals retrieved North Carolina's copy of the [[United States Bill of Rights|Bill of Rights]].<ref>{{cite web |title=History in Custody: The U.S. Marshals Service Takes Possession of North Carolina's Copy of the Bill of Rights |date=June 19, 2020 |publisher=United States Marshals Service |url=https://www.usmarshals.gov/history/north_carolina_bill_of_rights.htm |access-date=January 18, 2021 |archive-date=January 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125155807/https://www.usmarshals.gov/history/north_carolina_bill_of_rights.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
In 2002, the Marshals Service was tasked by the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) to provide protective security and law enforcement capabilities in the protection of the [[Strategic National Stockpile]] (SNS), such as warehouses, materiel and CDC personnel during deployment. Marshals also provide secure transportation of critical medical supplies and bio-terrorism response resources throughout the nation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usmarshals.gov/pubs/pub99.pdf |title=Operations Support Division |access-date=January 7, 2018 |publisher=United States Marshals Service |archive-date=February 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211224849/https://www.usmarshals.gov//pubs/pub99.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Senior Inspectors of the U.S. Marshals Service SNS Security Operations (SNSSO) Program have deployed to [[Hurricane Katrina]] in 2005 and responded during the [[H1N1 flu (outbreak in the US)|H1N1 flu pandemic]] in 2009. SNSSO Senior Inspectors have also staffed [[National Security Special Event]]s (NSSE) with their state, local and other federal partners on a regular basis.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ourdigitalmags.com/display_article.php?id=1762258&view=217704 |title=The U.S. Marshals Service, Strategic National Stockpile Security Operations |access-date=January 7, 2018 |magazine=Sheriff Magazine |archive-date=January 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107061054/http://www.ourdigitalmags.com/display_article.php?id=1762258&view=217704 |url-status=live }}</ref> | In 2002, the Marshals Service was tasked by the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) to provide protective security and law enforcement capabilities in the protection of the [[Strategic National Stockpile]] (SNS), such as warehouses, materiel and CDC personnel during deployment. Marshals also provide secure transportation of critical medical supplies and bio-terrorism response resources throughout the nation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usmarshals.gov/pubs/pub99.pdf |title=Operations Support Division |access-date=January 7, 2018 |publisher=United States Marshals Service |archive-date=February 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211224849/https://www.usmarshals.gov//pubs/pub99.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Senior Inspectors of the U.S. Marshals Service SNS Security Operations (SNSSO) Program have deployed to [[Hurricane Katrina]] in 2005 and responded during the [[H1N1 flu (outbreak in the US)|H1N1 flu pandemic]] in 2009. SNSSO Senior Inspectors have also staffed [[National Security Special Event]]s (NSSE) with their state, local and other federal partners on a regular basis.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ourdigitalmags.com/display_article.php?id=1762258&view=217704 |title=The U.S. Marshals Service, Strategic National Stockpile Security Operations |access-date=January 7, 2018 |magazine=Sheriff Magazine |archive-date=January 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107061054/http://www.ourdigitalmags.com/display_article.php?id=1762258&view=217704 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
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* [[Wyatt Earp]] (1848–1929), Deputy U.S. Marshal (appointed to his brother Virgil Earp's place by the Arizona Territorial Governor) | * [[Wyatt Earp]] (1848–1929), Deputy U.S. Marshal (appointed to his brother Virgil Earp's place by the Arizona Territorial Governor) | ||
* [[Frank Eaton]] (1860–1958), Deputy U.S. Marshal for Judge [[Isaac C. Parker]], author, cowboy, scout, Indian fighter, and mascot for Oklahoma State University ("Pistol Pete") | * [[Frank Eaton]] (1860–1958), Deputy U.S. Marshal for Judge [[Isaac C. Parker]], author, cowboy, scout, Indian fighter, and mascot for Oklahoma State University ("Pistol Pete") | ||
* [[Richard Griffith (general)|Richard Griffith]] (1814–1862), [[brigadier general (CSA)|Brigadier General]] for the | * [[Richard Griffith (general)|Richard Griffith]] (1814–1862), [[brigadier general (CSA)|Brigadier General]] for the Confederate States of Americaduring the Civil War | ||
* [[Wild Bill Hickok]] (1837–1876), noted Western lawman; served as a Deputy U.S. Marshal at [[Fort Riley, Kansas]] 1867–1869 | * [[Wild Bill Hickok]] (1837–1876), noted Western lawman; served as a Deputy U.S. Marshal at [[Fort Riley, Kansas]] 1867–1869 | ||
* [[Ward Hill Lamon]] (1826–1893), friend, and frequent bodyguard of President Abraham Lincoln, who appointed him U.S. Marshal for the [[District of Columbia]] | * [[Ward Hill Lamon]] (1826–1893), friend, and frequent bodyguard of President Abraham Lincoln, who appointed him U.S. Marshal for the [[District of Columbia]] | ||