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'''George Herbert Walker Bush'''<ref group="lower-alpha">After the 1990s, he became more commonly known as '''George H. W. Bush''', "'''Bush Senior'''," "'''Bush 41'''," and even "'''Bush the Elder'''" to distinguish him from his eldest son, | '''George Herbert Walker Bush'''<ref group="lower-alpha">After the 1990s, he became more commonly known as '''George H. W. Bush''', "'''Bush Senior'''," "'''Bush 41'''," and even "'''Bush the Elder'''" to distinguish him from his eldest son, George W. Bush, who served as the 43rd U.S. president from 2001 to 2009; previously, he was usually referred to simply as '''George Bush'''.</ref> (June 12, 1924 – November 30, 2018) was an American politician, diplomat, and businessman who served as the 41st [[president of the United States]] from 1989 to 1993. A member of the Republican Party, he also served as the 43rd [[vice president of the United States|vice president]] from 1981 to 1989 under [[Ronald Reagan]] and previously in various other [[Federal government of the United States|federal positions]].<ref>{{multiref|{{cite web|url=https://adst.org/2018/12/george-h-w-bush-american-diplomat/ |title=George H.W. Bush, American Diplomat |website=Association for Diplomatic Studies & Training}}|{{cite web|url=https://diplomacy.state.gov/u-s-diplomacy-stories/in-memoriam-george-herbert-walker-bush-1924-2018-veteran-statesman-diplomat/ |title=In Memoriam: George Herbert Walker Bush (1924–2018): Veteran, Statesman, Diplomat |website=Department of State, The National Museum of American Diplomacy|date=December 20, 2018 }}|{{cite web|url=https://afsa.org/george-hw-bush-diplomats-remember |title=George H.W. Bush: Diplomats Remember |website=American Foreign Service Association}}|{{cite web|url=https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-end-of-the-cold-war-desert-storm.html |title=President George H.W. Bush: Foreign Policy |website=Study.com}}|{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/amp/news/george-hw-bush-stood-out-as-tough-negotiator-on-world-stage/ |title=George H.W. Bush stood out as tough negotiator on the world stage |publisher=CBS News |date=December 3, 2018 |last=Pamela Falk}}|{{cite web|url=https://professorships.jhu.edu/professorship/george-h-w-bush-professorship-of-international-relations/ |title=George H.W. Bush Professorship of International Relations |website=Johns Hopkins University, Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies|date=July 14, 2016 }}}}</ref> | ||
Born into a [[Bush family|wealthy, established family]] in [[Milton, Massachusetts]], Bush was raised in [[Greenwich, Connecticut]]. He attended [[Phillips Academy]] and served as a pilot in the [[United States Navy Reserve]] during World War II before graduating from Yale and moving to [[West Texas]], where he established a successful oil company. Following an unsuccessful run for the United States Senate in [[1964 United States Senate election in Texas|1964]], he was elected to represent [[Texas's 7th congressional district]] in 1966. President [[Richard Nixon]] appointed Bush as the [[United States Ambassador to the United Nations|ambassador to the United Nations]] in 1971 and as [[chairman of the Republican National Committee]] in 1973. President [[Gerald Ford]] appointed him as the [[chief of the Liaison Office to the People's Republic of China]] in 1974 and as the [[director of Central Intelligence]] in 1976. Bush ran for president in 1980 but was defeated in the [[1980 Republican Party presidential primaries|Republican presidential primaries]] by Reagan, who then selected Bush as his vice presidential running mate. In the [[1988 United States presidential election|1988 presidential election]], Bush defeated Democrat [[Michael Dukakis]]. | Born into a [[Bush family|wealthy, established family]] in [[Milton, Massachusetts]], Bush was raised in [[Greenwich, Connecticut]]. He attended [[Phillips Academy]] and served as a pilot in the [[United States Navy Reserve]] during World War II before graduating from Yale and moving to [[West Texas]], where he established a successful oil company. Following an unsuccessful run for the United States Senate in [[1964 United States Senate election in Texas|1964]], he was elected to represent [[Texas's 7th congressional district]] in 1966. President [[Richard Nixon]] appointed Bush as the [[United States Ambassador to the United Nations|ambassador to the United Nations]] in 1971 and as [[chairman of the Republican National Committee]] in 1973. President [[Gerald Ford]] appointed him as the [[chief of the Liaison Office to the People's Republic of China]] in 1974 and as the [[director of Central Intelligence]] in 1976. Bush ran for president in 1980 but was defeated in the [[1980 Republican Party presidential primaries|Republican presidential primaries]] by Reagan, who then selected Bush as his vice presidential running mate. In the [[1988 United States presidential election|1988 presidential election]], Bush defeated Democrat [[Michael Dukakis]]. | ||
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Foreign policy drove [[Presidency of George H. W. Bush|Bush's presidency]] as he navigated the final years of the [[Cold War]] and played a key role in the [[reunification of Germany]]. He presided over the [[invasion of Panama]] and the [[Gulf War]], ending the [[Iraqi occupation of Kuwait]] in the latter conflict. Though the agreement was not ratified until after he left office, Bush negotiated and signed the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]], which created a trade bloc consisting of the United States, Canada and Mexico. Domestically, Bush reneged on [[Read my lips: no new taxes|a 1988 campaign promise]] by enacting legislation to raise taxes to justify reducing the budget deficit. He championed and signed three pieces of bipartisan legislation in 1990, the [[Americans with Disabilities Act]], the [[Immigration Act of 1990|Immigration Act]] and the [[Clean Air Act Amendments]]. He also appointed [[David Souter]] and [[Clarence Thomas]] to the Supreme Court. Bush lost the [[1992 United States presidential election|1992 presidential election]] to Democrat [[Bill Clinton]] following [[Early 1990s recession|an economic recession]], his turnaround on [[Read my lips: no new taxes|his tax promise]], and the decreased emphasis of foreign policy in a post–Cold War political climate.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kelly |first=Jon |date=December 2, 2018 |title=George HW Bush: What makes a one-term president? |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-20861048 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817000206/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-20861048|archive-date=August 17, 2021 }}</ref> | Foreign policy drove [[Presidency of George H. W. Bush|Bush's presidency]] as he navigated the final years of the [[Cold War]] and played a key role in the [[reunification of Germany]]. He presided over the [[invasion of Panama]] and the [[Gulf War]], ending the [[Iraqi occupation of Kuwait]] in the latter conflict. Though the agreement was not ratified until after he left office, Bush negotiated and signed the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]], which created a trade bloc consisting of the United States, Canada and Mexico. Domestically, Bush reneged on [[Read my lips: no new taxes|a 1988 campaign promise]] by enacting legislation to raise taxes to justify reducing the budget deficit. He championed and signed three pieces of bipartisan legislation in 1990, the [[Americans with Disabilities Act]], the [[Immigration Act of 1990|Immigration Act]] and the [[Clean Air Act Amendments]]. He also appointed [[David Souter]] and [[Clarence Thomas]] to the Supreme Court. Bush lost the [[1992 United States presidential election|1992 presidential election]] to Democrat [[Bill Clinton]] following [[Early 1990s recession|an economic recession]], his turnaround on [[Read my lips: no new taxes|his tax promise]], and the decreased emphasis of foreign policy in a post–Cold War political climate.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kelly |first=Jon |date=December 2, 2018 |title=George HW Bush: What makes a one-term president? |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-20861048 |access-date=March 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817000206/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-20861048|archive-date=August 17, 2021 }}</ref> | ||
After leaving office in 1993, Bush was active in humanitarian activities, often working alongside Clinton. With the victory of his son, | After leaving office in 1993, Bush was active in humanitarian activities, often working alongside Clinton. With the victory of his son, George W. Bush, in the [[2000 United States presidential election|2000 presidential election]], the two became the second father–son pair to serve as the nation's president, following [[John Adams]] and [[John Quincy Adams]]. Another son, [[Jeb Bush]], unsuccessfully sought the Republican presidential nomination in the [[2016 Republican Party presidential primaries|2016 primaries]]. Historians generally [[Historical rankings of presidents of the United States|rank]] Bush as an above-average president. | ||
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[[File:George Bush as United Nations Representative, 1971-72 - NARA - 186386.tif|thumb|Bush as ambassador to the United Nations, 1971]] | [[File:George Bush as United Nations Representative, 1971-72 - NARA - 186386.tif|thumb|Bush as ambassador to the United Nations, 1971]] | ||
After the 1970 Senate election, Bush accepted a position as a senior adviser to the president, but he convinced Nixon to instead appoint him as the [[U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations]].{{sfn|Meacham|2015|pp=153–154}} The position represented Bush's first foray into foreign policy, as well as his first major experiences with the | After the 1970 Senate election, Bush accepted a position as a senior adviser to the president, but he convinced Nixon to instead appoint him as the [[U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations]].{{sfn|Meacham|2015|pp=153–154}} The position represented Bush's first foray into foreign policy, as well as his first major experiences with the Soviet Union and China, the two major U.S. rivals in the [[Cold War]].{{sfn|Meacham|2015|pp=152, 157–158}} During Bush's tenure, the Nixon administration pursued a policy of détente, seeking to ease tensions with both the Soviet Union and China.{{sfn|Herring|2008|pp=773–775}} Bush's ambassadorship was marked by a defeat on the China question, as the [[United Nations General Assembly]] voted, in [[Resolution 2758]], to expel the [[Republic of China]] and replace it with the People's Republic of China in October 1971.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Austin |first1=Anthony |title=Crushing Defeat for the U.S., or A Blessing In Disguise? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/10/31/archives/crushing-defeat-for-the-us-or-a-blessing-in-disguise-enter-peking.html |work=The New York Times |date=October 31, 1971 }}</ref> In the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971|1971 crisis in Pakistan]], Bush supported an Indian motion at the UN General Assembly to condemn the Pakistani government of [[Yahya Khan]] for waging genocide in [[East Pakistan]] (modern Bangladesh), referring to the "tradition which we have supported that the human rights question transcended domestic jurisdiction and should be freely debated".{{sfn|Saunders|2014|p=39}} Bush's support for India at the UN put him into conflict with Nixon who was supporting Pakistan, partly because Yahya Khan was a useful intermediary in his attempts to reach out to China and partly because the president was fond of Yahya Khan.{{sfn|Saunders|2014|pp=38–39}} In 1972, during a controversy over whether the United States was intentionally bombing civilian hydrological infrastructure in [[Vietnam]], Bush was sent by Nixon to convince [[Kurt Waldheim]] of the United States' position. Bush, who was himself a fighter pilot in the Second World War, was "unwilling to press his assigned case that the dikes had been spared," and told reporters "I think that the best thing I can do on the subject is shut up."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Perlstein |first=Rick |url=http://archive.org/details/nixonlandriseofp0000perl |title=Nixonland : the rise of a president and the fracturing of America |date=2008 |publisher=New York : Scribner |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-7432-4302-5 |pages=707}}</ref> | ||
=== Chairman of the Republican National Committee === | === Chairman of the Republican National Committee === | ||
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=== Final years === | === Final years === | ||
[[File:Five Presidents Oval Office.jpg|upright=1.2|thumb|From left to right: George H. W. Bush, [[Barack Obama]], | [[File:Five Presidents Oval Office.jpg|upright=1.2|thumb|From left to right: George H. W. Bush, [[Barack Obama]], George W. Bush, [[Bill Clinton]], and [[Jimmy Carter]]]] | ||
Bush supported Republican [[John McCain]] in the 2008 presidential election,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/18/AR2008021800930.html |title=George H. W. Bush Endorses McCain for President |date=February 18, 2008 |access-date=March 28, 2008 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> and Republican [[Mitt Romney]] in the 2012 presidential election,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.upi.com/George-HW-Bush-endorses-Romney/52521333006200/ |title=George H.W. Bush endorses Romney |date=March 29, 2012 |work=United Press International}}</ref> but both were defeated by Democrat [[Barack Obama]]. In 2011, Obama awarded Bush with the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]], the highest civilian honor in the United States.{{sfn|Meacham|2015|p=598}} | Bush supported Republican [[John McCain]] in the 2008 presidential election,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/18/AR2008021800930.html |title=George H. W. Bush Endorses McCain for President |date=February 18, 2008 |access-date=March 28, 2008 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> and Republican [[Mitt Romney]] in the 2012 presidential election,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.upi.com/George-HW-Bush-endorses-Romney/52521333006200/ |title=George H.W. Bush endorses Romney |date=March 29, 2012 |work=United Press International}}</ref> but both were defeated by Democrat [[Barack Obama]]. In 2011, Obama awarded Bush with the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]], the highest civilian honor in the United States.{{sfn|Meacham|2015|p=598}} | ||
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In 2018, ''[[Vox (website)|Vox]]'' highlighted Bush for his "pragmatism" as a moderate Republican president by working across the aisle.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TImO_RquoW8|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201102004813/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TImO_RquoW8|archive-date= November 2, 2020|title= The George H.W. Bush promise that changed the Republican Party|website= Vox |via=YouTube |date=May 4, 2018 |access-date= October 29, 2020|url-status= live }}</ref> They specifically noted Bush's accomplishments within the domestic policy by making [[Bipartisanship|bipartisan]] deals, including raising the tax budget among the wealthy with the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990. Bush also helped pass the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 which ''The New York Times'' described as "the most sweeping anti-discrimination law since the Civil Rights Act of 1964.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/07/27/opinion/a-law-for-every-american.html |url-access=subscription |title= A Law for Every American|website= The New York Times|date= July 27, 1990|access-date= October 30, 2020}}</ref> In response to the ''Exxon Valdez'' oil spill, Bush built another bipartisan coalition to strengthen the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/we-can-breathe-easier--literally--thanks-to-george-hw-bush/2018/12/02/e7a2acbe-f66a-11e8-8d64-4e79db33382f_story.html |url-access=subscription |first1=Monica |last1=Medina |date=December 2, 2018 |title= We can breathe easier - literally - thanks to George H.W. Bush|newspaper= The Washington Post|access-date= October 29, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://environmentamerica.org/blogs/environment-america-blog/ame/lessons-bipartisanship-1990-clean-air-act-amendments|title= Lessons in Bipartisanship: The 1990 Clean Air Act amendments|website= Environmental America|date=November 15, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220815231021/https://environmentamerica.org/blogs/environment-america-blog/ame/lessons-bipartisanship-1990-clean-air-act-amendments |archive-date= Aug 15, 2022 }}</ref> Bush also championed and signed into a law the Immigration Act of 1990, a sweeping bipartisan immigration reform act that made it easier for immigrants to legally enter the county, while also granting immigrants fleeing violence the temporary protected status visa, as well as lifted the pre-naturalization English testing process, and finally "eliminated the exclusion of homosexuals under what Congress now deemed the medically unsound classification of 'sexual deviant' that was included in the [[Immigration Act of 1965|1965 act]]."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Glass |first=Andrew |date=2018-11-29 |title=Bush signs immigration reform statute into law, Nov. 29, 1990 |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/11/29/bush-immigration-reform-1990-1014141 |access-date=October 29, 2020 |website=Politico|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/opinion/outlook/article/Bush-41-s-immigration-plan-actually-worked-13443111.php |first1=Bruce |last1=Morrison |title= Bush 41's immigration plan actually worked|website= Houston Chronicle|date= December 4, 2018|access-date= October 30, 2020}}</ref> Bush stated, "Immigration is not just a link to our past but it's also a bridge to America's future".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4737330/user-clip-george-hw-bush-immigration|title= George H.W. Bush on Immigration |date=November 30, 1990 |work=Immmigration Act Signing Ceremony |publisher= C-SPAN|access-date= October 30, 2002}}</ref> | In 2018, ''[[Vox (website)|Vox]]'' highlighted Bush for his "pragmatism" as a moderate Republican president by working across the aisle.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TImO_RquoW8|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201102004813/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TImO_RquoW8|archive-date= November 2, 2020|title= The George H.W. Bush promise that changed the Republican Party|website= Vox |via=YouTube |date=May 4, 2018 |access-date= October 29, 2020|url-status= live }}</ref> They specifically noted Bush's accomplishments within the domestic policy by making [[Bipartisanship|bipartisan]] deals, including raising the tax budget among the wealthy with the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990. Bush also helped pass the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 which ''The New York Times'' described as "the most sweeping anti-discrimination law since the Civil Rights Act of 1964.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/07/27/opinion/a-law-for-every-american.html |url-access=subscription |title= A Law for Every American|website= The New York Times|date= July 27, 1990|access-date= October 30, 2020}}</ref> In response to the ''Exxon Valdez'' oil spill, Bush built another bipartisan coalition to strengthen the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/we-can-breathe-easier--literally--thanks-to-george-hw-bush/2018/12/02/e7a2acbe-f66a-11e8-8d64-4e79db33382f_story.html |url-access=subscription |first1=Monica |last1=Medina |date=December 2, 2018 |title= We can breathe easier - literally - thanks to George H.W. Bush|newspaper= The Washington Post|access-date= October 29, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://environmentamerica.org/blogs/environment-america-blog/ame/lessons-bipartisanship-1990-clean-air-act-amendments|title= Lessons in Bipartisanship: The 1990 Clean Air Act amendments|website= Environmental America|date=November 15, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220815231021/https://environmentamerica.org/blogs/environment-america-blog/ame/lessons-bipartisanship-1990-clean-air-act-amendments |archive-date= Aug 15, 2022 }}</ref> Bush also championed and signed into a law the Immigration Act of 1990, a sweeping bipartisan immigration reform act that made it easier for immigrants to legally enter the county, while also granting immigrants fleeing violence the temporary protected status visa, as well as lifted the pre-naturalization English testing process, and finally "eliminated the exclusion of homosexuals under what Congress now deemed the medically unsound classification of 'sexual deviant' that was included in the [[Immigration Act of 1965|1965 act]]."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Glass |first=Andrew |date=2018-11-29 |title=Bush signs immigration reform statute into law, Nov. 29, 1990 |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2018/11/29/bush-immigration-reform-1990-1014141 |access-date=October 29, 2020 |website=Politico|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/opinion/outlook/article/Bush-41-s-immigration-plan-actually-worked-13443111.php |first1=Bruce |last1=Morrison |title= Bush 41's immigration plan actually worked|website= Houston Chronicle|date= December 4, 2018|access-date= October 30, 2020}}</ref> Bush stated, "Immigration is not just a link to our past but it's also a bridge to America's future".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4737330/user-clip-george-hw-bush-immigration|title= George H.W. Bush on Immigration |date=November 30, 1990 |work=Immmigration Act Signing Ceremony |publisher= C-SPAN|access-date= October 30, 2002}}</ref> | ||
According to '' | According to ''USA Today'', the legacy of Bush's presidency was defined by his victory over Iraq after the invasion of Kuwait and by his presiding over the dissolution of the Soviet Union and [[German reunification]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Remembering Former President George H.W. Bush's life and legacy |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/12/01/live-former-president-george-h-w-bushs-life-and-legacy/2173047002/ |newspaper=USA Today|date=December 1, 2018 |access-date=December 1, 2018}}</ref> [[Michael Beschloss]] and [[Strobe Talbott]] praise Bush's handling of the Soviet Union, especially how he prodded Gorbachev in terms of releasing control over the [[satellite state]]s and permitting German unification—and especially a united Germany in NATO.<ref>Michael R. Beschloss and Strobe Talbott, ''At the Highest Levels: The Inside Story of the End of the Cold War'' (Boston, 1993), pp. 470-72.</ref> [[Andrew Bacevich]] judges the Bush administration as "morally obtuse" in the light of its "business-as-usual" attitude towards China after the massacre in [[Tiananmen Square]] and its uncritical support of Gorbachev as the Soviet Union disintegrated.<ref>Andrew J. Bacevich, ''American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy'' (2002), 64–68, quoted in Sparrow, p. 143.</ref> David Rothkopf argues: | ||
{{blockquote|In the recent history of U.S. foreign policy, there has been no president, nor any president's team, who, when confronted with profound international change and challenges, responded with such a thoughtful and well-managed foreign policy...[the Bush administration was] a bridge over one of the great fault lines of history [that] ushered in a "new world order" it described with great skill and professionalism.<ref>{{cite book|first=David|last=Rothkopf|title=Running the World: The Inside Story of the National Security Council and the Architects of American Power|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1N1DleUGufwC&pg=PA261|year=2009|publisher=PublicAffairs|page=261|isbn=9780786736003}}</ref>}}However, [[Time (magazine)|''TIME'']] has criticized Bush's [[domestic policies]] involving "drugs, homelessness, racial hostility, education gaps, [and] issues with the environment", and it argues that these issues in the United States became worse in the 21st century primarily due to Bush setting a poor example and his handling of these concepts during his presidency.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2023 |editor-last=Jacobs |editor-first=Sam |editor-link=Samuel Jacobs (journalist) |editor2-last=Rothman |editor2-first=Lily |editor3-last=Benedict |editor3-first=Julie Blume |editor4-last=Cassidy |editor4-first=Catherine |editor4-link=Catherine Cassidy |title=George H.W. Bush |magazine=TIME Person of the Year: 95 Years of the World's Most Influential People |publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |page=63}}</ref> | {{blockquote|In the recent history of U.S. foreign policy, there has been no president, nor any president's team, who, when confronted with profound international change and challenges, responded with such a thoughtful and well-managed foreign policy...[the Bush administration was] a bridge over one of the great fault lines of history [that] ushered in a "new world order" it described with great skill and professionalism.<ref>{{cite book|first=David|last=Rothkopf|title=Running the World: The Inside Story of the National Security Council and the Architects of American Power|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1N1DleUGufwC&pg=PA261|year=2009|publisher=PublicAffairs|page=261|isbn=9780786736003}}</ref>}}However, [[Time (magazine)|''TIME'']] has criticized Bush's [[domestic policies]] involving "drugs, homelessness, racial hostility, education gaps, [and] issues with the environment", and it argues that these issues in the United States became worse in the 21st century primarily due to Bush setting a poor example and his handling of these concepts during his presidency.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2023 |editor-last=Jacobs |editor-first=Sam |editor-link=Samuel Jacobs (journalist) |editor2-last=Rothman |editor2-first=Lily |editor3-last=Benedict |editor3-first=Julie Blume |editor4-last=Cassidy |editor4-first=Catherine |editor4-link=Catherine Cassidy |title=George H.W. Bush |magazine=TIME Person of the Year: 95 Years of the World's Most Influential People |publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |page=63}}</ref> | ||
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* [http://www.charlierose.com/guest/view/3592 Appearances] on [[Charlie Rose (TV show)|''Charlie Rose'']] | * [http://www.charlierose.com/guest/view/3592 Appearances] on [[Charlie Rose (TV show)|''Charlie Rose'']] | ||
* [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0124132 Appearances] at the [[Internet Movie Database]] | * [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0124132 Appearances] at the [[Internet Movie Database]] | ||
* [https://www.theguardian.com/world/george-bush-senior Collected news and commentary] at '' | * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/george-bush-senior Collected news and commentary] at ''The Guardian'' | ||
* [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/b/george_bush//index.html Collected news and commentary] at ''The New York Times'' | * [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/b/george_bush//index.html Collected news and commentary] at ''The New York Times'' | ||
* [http://topics.wsj.com/person/B/george-hw-bush/5370 Collected news and commentary] at ''The Wall Street Journal'' (paywall) | * [http://topics.wsj.com/person/B/george-hw-bush/5370 Collected news and commentary] at ''The Wall Street Journal'' (paywall) | ||