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'''National Public Radio''' ('''NPR''', stylized as '''npr''') is an American [[public broadcasting]] organization headquartered in [[Washington, D.C.]], with its NPR West headquarters in [[Culver City, California]].<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.npr.org/sections/npr-extra/2012/11/08/164679060/ten-years-in-tinsel-town-npr-west-celebrates-a-decade|title = Ten Years in Tinsel Town: NPR West Celebrates a Decade|newspaper = NPR|date = November 14, 2012|last1 = Kuypers|first1 = Melissa|access-date = March 17, 2021|archive-date = December 8, 2022|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221208184039/https://www.npr.org/sections/npr-extra/2012/11/08/164679060/ten-years-in-tinsel-town-npr-west-celebrates-a-decade|url-status = live}}</ref> It serves as a national [[Radio syndication|syndicator]] to a network of more than [[List of NPR stations|1,000 public radio stations]] in the United States.<ref name="Audience">{{cite web |title=Audience |url=http://nationalpublicmedia.com/npr/audience/ |access-date=January 23, 2018 |publisher=NPR |archive-date=November 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191105153236/https://www.nationalpublicmedia.com/npr/audience/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It differs from other non-profit membership media organizations, such as the | '''National Public Radio''' ('''NPR''', stylized as '''npr''') is an American [[public broadcasting]] organization headquartered in [[Washington, D.C.]], with its NPR West headquarters in [[Culver City, California]].<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.npr.org/sections/npr-extra/2012/11/08/164679060/ten-years-in-tinsel-town-npr-west-celebrates-a-decade|title = Ten Years in Tinsel Town: NPR West Celebrates a Decade|newspaper = NPR|date = November 14, 2012|last1 = Kuypers|first1 = Melissa|access-date = March 17, 2021|archive-date = December 8, 2022|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221208184039/https://www.npr.org/sections/npr-extra/2012/11/08/164679060/ten-years-in-tinsel-town-npr-west-celebrates-a-decade|url-status = live}}</ref> It serves as a national [[Radio syndication|syndicator]] to a network of more than [[List of NPR stations|1,000 public radio stations]] in the United States.<ref name="Audience">{{cite web |title=Audience |url=http://nationalpublicmedia.com/npr/audience/ |access-date=January 23, 2018 |publisher=NPR |archive-date=November 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191105153236/https://www.nationalpublicmedia.com/npr/audience/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It differs from other non-profit membership media organizations, such as the Associated Press, in that it was established by an act of Congress.<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://www.cpb.org/aboutpb/act/| title=Public Broadcasting Act of 1967| date=January 14, 2015| access-date=November 16, 2018| archive-date=December 10, 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210115639/https://www.cpb.org/aboutpb/act| url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
Funding for NPR comes from dues and fees paid by member stations, underwriting from corporate sponsors, and annual grants from the publicly funded [[Corporation for Public Broadcasting]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-06-20 |title=Public Radio Finances |language=en |work=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/about-npr/178660742/public-radio-finances |access-date=2022-12-29 |archive-date=December 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229062131/https://www.npr.org/about-npr/178660742/public-radio-finances |url-status=live }}</ref> Most of its member stations are owned by [[non-profit organizations]], including [[public school district]]s, [[college]]s, and [[universities]]. NPR operates independently of any government or corporation, and has full control of its content.<ref>{{cite book |title=This Is NPR: The First Forty Years |page=433 |date=2012 |editor-first1=Cokie |editor-last1=Roberts |editor-first2=Susan |editor-last2=Stamberg |editor-first3=Noah |editor-last3=Adams |editor-first4=John |editor-last4=Ydstie |editor-first5=Renée |editor-last5=Montagne |editor-first6=Ari |editor-last6=Shapiro |editor-first7=David |editor-last7=Folkenflik |publisher=[[Chronicle Books]] |isbn=9781452120218}}</ref> | Funding for NPR comes from dues and fees paid by member stations, underwriting from corporate sponsors, and annual grants from the publicly funded [[Corporation for Public Broadcasting]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-06-20 |title=Public Radio Finances |language=en |work=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/about-npr/178660742/public-radio-finances |access-date=2022-12-29 |archive-date=December 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229062131/https://www.npr.org/about-npr/178660742/public-radio-finances |url-status=live }}</ref> Most of its member stations are owned by [[non-profit organizations]], including [[public school district]]s, [[college]]s, and [[universities]]. NPR operates independently of any government or corporation, and has full control of its content.<ref>{{cite book |title=This Is NPR: The First Forty Years |page=433 |date=2012 |editor-first1=Cokie |editor-last1=Roberts |editor-first2=Susan |editor-last2=Stamberg |editor-first3=Noah |editor-last3=Adams |editor-first4=John |editor-last4=Ydstie |editor-first5=Renée |editor-last5=Montagne |editor-first6=Ari |editor-last6=Shapiro |editor-first7=David |editor-last7=Folkenflik |publisher=[[Chronicle Books]] |isbn=9781452120218}}</ref> | ||
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[[File:NPR 1970s logo.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|1970s logo]] | [[File:NPR 1970s logo.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|1970s logo]] | ||
NPR replaced the [[National Educational Radio Network]] on February 26, 1970, following Congressional passage of the [[Public Broadcasting Act of 1967]].<ref name="JARVIK">{{cite book |last=Jarvik |first=Laurence Ariel |date=1997 |title=PBS, behind the screen |location=Rocklin, CA |publisher=Forum |isbn=978-0761506683 }}</ref> This act was signed into law by [[President of the United States|President]] | NPR replaced the [[National Educational Radio Network]] on February 26, 1970, following Congressional passage of the [[Public Broadcasting Act of 1967]].<ref name="JARVIK">{{cite book |last=Jarvik |first=Laurence Ariel |date=1997 |title=PBS, behind the screen |location=Rocklin, CA |publisher=Forum |isbn=978-0761506683 }}</ref> This act was signed into law by [[President of the United States|President]] Lyndon B. Johnson, and established the [[Corporation for Public Broadcasting]], which also created the [[PBS|Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)]] for television in addition to NPR. A CPB organizing committee under John Witherspoon first created a board of directors chaired by [[Bernard Mayes]]. | ||
The board then hired [[Don Quayle|Donald Quayle]] to be the first president of NPR with 30 employees and 90 charter member local stations, and studios in [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.npr.org/about/aboutnpr/history.html#history |title= History |publisher= NPR |access-date= February 24, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110222185012/http://www.npr.org/about/aboutnpr/history.html#history |archive-date= February 22, 2011 |url-status= dead |df= mdy-all }}</ref> | The board then hired [[Don Quayle|Donald Quayle]] to be the first president of NPR with 30 employees and 90 charter member local stations, and studios in [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.npr.org/about/aboutnpr/history.html#history |title= History |publisher= NPR |access-date= February 24, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110222185012/http://www.npr.org/about/aboutnpr/history.html#history |archive-date= February 22, 2011 |url-status= dead |df= mdy-all }}</ref> | ||
NPR aired its first broadcast on April 20, 1971, covering [[United States Senate]] hearings on the ongoing | NPR aired its first broadcast on April 20, 1971, covering [[United States Senate]] hearings on the ongoing Vietnam War in [[Southeast Asia]]. The afternoon drive-time newscast ''[[All Things Considered]]'' premiered on May 3, 1971, first hosted by [[Robert Conley (reporter)|Robert Conley]]. NPR was primarily a production and distribution organization until 1977, when it merged with the [[Association of Public Radio Stations]]. ''[[Morning Edition]]'' premiered on November 5, 1979, first hosted by [[Bob Edwards]]. | ||
===1980s=== | ===1980s=== | ||
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| first = Steve | | first = Steve | ||
| title = National Public Radio to cut shows, personnel | | title = National Public Radio to cut shows, personnel | ||
| newspaper = | | newspaper = Los Angeles Times | ||
| date = December 10, 2008 | | date = December 10, 2008 | ||
| access-date = December 11, 2008 | | access-date = December 11, 2008 | ||
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In October 2010, NPR accepted a $1.8 million grant from the [[Open Society Institute]]. The grant is meant to begin a project called Impact of Government that was intended to add at least 100 journalists at NPR member radio stations in all 50 states by 2013.<ref name=NYTSoros>{{cite news | In October 2010, NPR accepted a $1.8 million grant from the [[Open Society Institute]]. The grant is meant to begin a project called Impact of Government that was intended to add at least 100 journalists at NPR member radio stations in all 50 states by 2013.<ref name=NYTSoros>{{cite news | ||
| title = The Situation Room | | title = The Situation Room | ||
| work = | | work = CNN | ||
| date = October 22, 2010 | | date = October 22, 2010 | ||
| url = http://archives.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1010/22/sitroom.02.html | | url = http://archives.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1010/22/sitroom.02.html | ||
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In April 2013, NPR moved from its home of 19 years (635 [[Massachusetts Avenue (Washington, D.C.)|Massachusetts Avenue]] NW) to new offices and production facilities at 1111 North Capitol Street NE in a building adapted from the former [[Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company Warehouse and Repair Facility|C&P Telephone Warehouse and Repair Facility]].<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.npr.org/about/press/2013/020113.NewNPRHeadquarters.html |title=New NPR Headquarters Nears Completion |publisher=NPR |date=February 1, 2013 |access-date=April 9, 2013 |archive-date=April 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427112807/http://www.npr.org/about/press/2013/020113.NewNPRHeadquarters.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The new headquarters—at the corner of North Capitol Street NE and L Street NW—is in the burgeoning [[NoMa]] neighborhood of Washington.<ref>{{cite news |first=Clinton |last=Yates |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/local/wp/2013/06/05/npr-moves-to-noma-d-c-s-simcity-of-gentrification/ |title=NPR Moves to NoMa, D.C.'s SimCity of Gentrification |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019105447/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/local/wp/2013/06/05/npr-moves-to-noma-d-c-s-simcity-of-gentrification/ |archive-date=October 19, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=June 5, 2013}}</ref> The first show scheduled to be broadcast from the new studios was ''[[Weekend Edition|Weekend Edition Saturday]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/2013/04/06/176419123/saying-goodbye-to-the-old-npr-headquarters |title=Saying Goodbye to the Old NPR Headquarters |last1=Simon |first1=Scott |date=April 6, 2013 |website=[[Weekend Edition]] |publisher=NPR |access-date=May 13, 2015 |archive-date=October 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026132754/https://www.npr.org/2013/04/06/176419123/saying-goodbye-to-the-old-npr-headquarters |url-status=live }}</ref> ''[[Morning Edition]]'' was the last show to move to the new location.<ref>{{cite press release | url = https://www.npr.org/about/press/2013/042213.NPRMovesHQ.html | title = NPR Moves to New Headquarters – Morning Edition Airs First Broadcast from New Building Today | publisher = NPR | date = April 22, 2013 | access-date = May 14, 2013 | archive-date = May 13, 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130513142708/http://www.npr.org/about/press/2013/042213.NPRMovesHQ.html | url-status = live }}</ref> In June 2013 NPR canceled the weekday call-in show ''[[Talk of the Nation]]''.<ref>{{cite episode |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=196242323 |title=A Fond Farewell to Talk of the Nation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024163136/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=196242323 |archive-date=October 24, 2017 |series=Tell Me More |publisher=NPR |date=June 27, 2013 |access-date=July 13, 2013}}</ref> | In April 2013, NPR moved from its home of 19 years (635 [[Massachusetts Avenue (Washington, D.C.)|Massachusetts Avenue]] NW) to new offices and production facilities at 1111 North Capitol Street NE in a building adapted from the former [[Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company Warehouse and Repair Facility|C&P Telephone Warehouse and Repair Facility]].<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.npr.org/about/press/2013/020113.NewNPRHeadquarters.html |title=New NPR Headquarters Nears Completion |publisher=NPR |date=February 1, 2013 |access-date=April 9, 2013 |archive-date=April 27, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130427112807/http://www.npr.org/about/press/2013/020113.NewNPRHeadquarters.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The new headquarters—at the corner of North Capitol Street NE and L Street NW—is in the burgeoning [[NoMa]] neighborhood of Washington.<ref>{{cite news |first=Clinton |last=Yates |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/local/wp/2013/06/05/npr-moves-to-noma-d-c-s-simcity-of-gentrification/ |title=NPR Moves to NoMa, D.C.'s SimCity of Gentrification |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019105447/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/local/wp/2013/06/05/npr-moves-to-noma-d-c-s-simcity-of-gentrification/ |archive-date=October 19, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=June 5, 2013}}</ref> The first show scheduled to be broadcast from the new studios was ''[[Weekend Edition|Weekend Edition Saturday]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/2013/04/06/176419123/saying-goodbye-to-the-old-npr-headquarters |title=Saying Goodbye to the Old NPR Headquarters |last1=Simon |first1=Scott |date=April 6, 2013 |website=[[Weekend Edition]] |publisher=NPR |access-date=May 13, 2015 |archive-date=October 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221026132754/https://www.npr.org/2013/04/06/176419123/saying-goodbye-to-the-old-npr-headquarters |url-status=live }}</ref> ''[[Morning Edition]]'' was the last show to move to the new location.<ref>{{cite press release | url = https://www.npr.org/about/press/2013/042213.NPRMovesHQ.html | title = NPR Moves to New Headquarters – Morning Edition Airs First Broadcast from New Building Today | publisher = NPR | date = April 22, 2013 | access-date = May 14, 2013 | archive-date = May 13, 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130513142708/http://www.npr.org/about/press/2013/042213.NPRMovesHQ.html | url-status = live }}</ref> In June 2013 NPR canceled the weekday call-in show ''[[Talk of the Nation]]''.<ref>{{cite episode |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=196242323 |title=A Fond Farewell to Talk of the Nation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024163136/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=196242323 |archive-date=October 24, 2017 |series=Tell Me More |publisher=NPR |date=June 27, 2013 |access-date=July 13, 2013}}</ref> | ||
In September 2013, certain of NPR's 840 full- and part-time employees were offered a [[voluntary redundancy|voluntary buyout]] plan to reduce staff by 10 percent and return NPR to a balanced budget by the 2015 | In September 2013, certain of NPR's 840 full- and part-time employees were offered a [[voluntary redundancy|voluntary buyout]] plan to reduce staff by 10 percent and return NPR to a balanced budget by the 2015 fiscal year.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://observer.com/2013/09/npr-offers-buyouts-to-reduce-employee-count-by-10-percent/|title= NPR to Offer Voluntary Buyouts in Bid to Balance Budget|date= September 13, 2013|work= The Observer|access-date= September 15, 2013|archive-date= October 26, 2022|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20221026082238/https://observer.com/2013/09/npr-offers-buyouts-to-reduce-employee-count-by-10-percent/|url-status= live}}</ref> | ||
In December 2018, ''[[The Washington Post]]'' reported that between 20 and 22 percent of NPR staff was classified as [[Temporary work|temps]], while this compares to about five percent of a typical for-profit television station. Some of the temporary staff members told the newspaper the systems were "exploitative", but NPR's president of operations said the current system was in place because the station is a "media company that strives to be innovative and nimble."<ref>{{cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/at-npr-an-army-of-temps-resents-a-workplace-full-of-anxiety-and-insecurity/2018/12/07/32e49632-f35b-11e8-80d0-f7e1948d55f4_story.html |title=At NPR, an army of temps faces a workplace of anxiety and insecurity |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=December 9, 2018 |access-date=December 11, 2018 |archive-date=February 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218031738/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/at-npr-an-army-of-temps-resents-a-workplace-full-of-anxiety-and-insecurity/2018/12/07/32e49632-f35b-11e8-80d0-f7e1948d55f4_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | In December 2018, ''[[The Washington Post]]'' reported that between 20 and 22 percent of NPR staff was classified as [[Temporary work|temps]], while this compares to about five percent of a typical for-profit television station. Some of the temporary staff members told the newspaper the systems were "exploitative", but NPR's president of operations said the current system was in place because the station is a "media company that strives to be innovative and nimble."<ref>{{cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/at-npr-an-army-of-temps-resents-a-workplace-full-of-anxiety-and-insecurity/2018/12/07/32e49632-f35b-11e8-80d0-f7e1948d55f4_story.html |title=At NPR, an army of temps faces a workplace of anxiety and insecurity |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=December 9, 2018 |access-date=December 11, 2018 |archive-date=February 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218031738/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/at-npr-an-army-of-temps-resents-a-workplace-full-of-anxiety-and-insecurity/2018/12/07/32e49632-f35b-11e8-80d0-f7e1948d55f4_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
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According to 2015 figures, 87% of the NPR terrestrial public radio audience and 67% of the NPR podcast audience is white.<ref>{{cite news |first=Tracie |last=Powell |url=https://www.cjr.org/analysis/are_podcasts_the_new_path_to_diversifying_public_radio.php |title=Are podcasts the new path to diversifying public radio? |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103044333/https://www.cjr.org/analysis/are_podcasts_the_new_path_to_diversifying_public_radio.php |archive-date=January 3, 2023 |magazine=Columbia Journalism Review |date=May 22, 2015}}</ref> According to the 2012 [[Pew Research Center]] 2012 News Consumption Survey, NPR listeners tend to be highly educated, with 54% of regular listeners being college graduates and 21% having some college.<ref name="Pew">{{cite web |url=http://www.people-press.org/2012/09/27/section-4-demographics-and-political-views-of-news-audiences/ |title=Section 4: Demographics and Political Views of News Audiences |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627082455/https://www.people-press.org/2012/09/27/section-4-demographics-and-political-views-of-news-audiences/ |archive-date=June 27, 2020 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |date=September 27, 2012}}</ref> NPR's audience is almost exactly average in terms of the sex of listeners (49% male, 51% female).<ref name="Pew" /> NPR listeners have higher incomes than average (the 2012 Pew study showed that 43% earn over $75,000, 27% earn between $30,000 and $75,000). | According to 2015 figures, 87% of the NPR terrestrial public radio audience and 67% of the NPR podcast audience is white.<ref>{{cite news |first=Tracie |last=Powell |url=https://www.cjr.org/analysis/are_podcasts_the_new_path_to_diversifying_public_radio.php |title=Are podcasts the new path to diversifying public radio? |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103044333/https://www.cjr.org/analysis/are_podcasts_the_new_path_to_diversifying_public_radio.php |archive-date=January 3, 2023 |magazine=Columbia Journalism Review |date=May 22, 2015}}</ref> According to the 2012 [[Pew Research Center]] 2012 News Consumption Survey, NPR listeners tend to be highly educated, with 54% of regular listeners being college graduates and 21% having some college.<ref name="Pew">{{cite web |url=http://www.people-press.org/2012/09/27/section-4-demographics-and-political-views-of-news-audiences/ |title=Section 4: Demographics and Political Views of News Audiences |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627082455/https://www.people-press.org/2012/09/27/section-4-demographics-and-political-views-of-news-audiences/ |archive-date=June 27, 2020 |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |date=September 27, 2012}}</ref> NPR's audience is almost exactly average in terms of the sex of listeners (49% male, 51% female).<ref name="Pew" /> NPR listeners have higher incomes than average (the 2012 Pew study showed that 43% earn over $75,000, 27% earn between $30,000 and $75,000). | ||
A 2012 [[Pew Research Center]] survey found that the NPR audience leans | A 2012 [[Pew Research Center]] survey found that the NPR audience leans Democratic (17% [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]], 37% [[Third party (United States)|independent]], 43% Democratic) and politically moderate (21% conservative, 39% moderate, 36% liberal).<ref name="Pew" /> A late 2019 survey, also by Pew, found that NPR's audience overwhelmingly leaned Democratic. 87% of those surveyed identified as Democrats, or leaning Democratic, and 12% were Republicans.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Grieco |first=Elizabeth |title=Americans' main sources for political news vary by party and age |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/04/01/americans-main-sources-for-political-news-vary-by-party-and-age/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=Pew Research Center |date=April 2020 |language=en-US |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114000444/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/04/01/americans-main-sources-for-political-news-vary-by-party-and-age/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
=== Trust === | === Trust === | ||
A [[The Harris Poll|Harris]] telephone survey conducted in 2005 found that NPR was the most trusted news source in the United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Eggerton |first=John |date=November 10, 2005 |title=Survey Says: Noncom News Most Trusted |work=Broadcasting & Cable |url=http://www.broadcastingcable.com/news/news-articles/survey-says-noncom-news-most-trusted/108687 |access-date=October 2, 2006 |archive-date=November 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171125084742/http://www.broadcastingcable.com/news/news-articles/survey-says-noncom-news-most-trusted/108687 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="pew21">{{Cite web |title=Trends and Facts on Public Broadcasting | State of the News Media |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/fact-sheet/public-broadcasting/ |access-date=September 4, 2021 |archive-date=February 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213171110/https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/fact-sheet/public-broadcasting/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2014, Pew reported that, of adults who had heard of NPR, 55% of those polled trusted it; this was a similar level of listener trust as | A [[The Harris Poll|Harris]] telephone survey conducted in 2005 found that NPR was the most trusted news source in the United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Eggerton |first=John |date=November 10, 2005 |title=Survey Says: Noncom News Most Trusted |work=Broadcasting & Cable |url=http://www.broadcastingcable.com/news/news-articles/survey-says-noncom-news-most-trusted/108687 |access-date=October 2, 2006 |archive-date=November 25, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171125084742/http://www.broadcastingcable.com/news/news-articles/survey-says-noncom-news-most-trusted/108687 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="pew21">{{Cite web |title=Trends and Facts on Public Broadcasting | State of the News Media |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/fact-sheet/public-broadcasting/ |access-date=September 4, 2021 |archive-date=February 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213171110/https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/fact-sheet/public-broadcasting/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2014, Pew reported that, of adults who had heard of NPR, 55% of those polled trusted it; this was a similar level of listener trust as CNN, [[NBC]], and [[ABC News (United States)|ABC]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mitchell|first=Amy|date=October 30, 2014|title=Which news organization is the most trusted? The answer is complicated.|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/10/30/which-news-organization-is-the-most-trusted-the-answer-is-complicated/|access-date=August 19, 2020|website=Pew Research Center|language=en-US|archive-date=July 22, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722233547/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/10/30/which-news-organization-is-the-most-trusted-the-answer-is-complicated/|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
=== Ratings === | === Ratings === | ||
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[[File:NPR One logo.png|125px|right|thumb|NPR One logo]] | [[File:NPR One logo.png|125px|right|thumb|NPR One logo]] | ||
In July 2014, NPR launched NPR One, an app for [[iOS]] and [[Android (operating system)|Android]] smartphones and other mobile devices, which aimed to make it easier for listeners to stream local NPR stations live, and listen to NPR podcasts by autoplaying content and permitting easy navigation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://venturebeat.com/2014/07/28/npr-launches-new-npr-one-mobile-app-for-curating-public-radio-news/|title=NPR launches new 'NPR One' mobile app for curating public radio news|date=July 28, 2014|website=VentureBeat |first1=Tom |last1=Cheredar |access-date=April 26, 2017|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707142155/https://venturebeat.com/2014/07/28/npr-launches-new-npr-one-mobile-app-for-curating-public-radio-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> Since launch NPR has made the service available on additional channels: [[Windows mobile]] devices, web browsers, [[Chromecast]], Apple Car Play, [[Apple Watch]], [[Android Auto]], [[Android Wear]], [[Samsung Gear]] S2 and S3, [[Amazon Fire TV]], and [[Amazon Alexa]]–enabled devices.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://help.npr.org/customer/en/portal/articles/2100796-what-devices-will-npr-one-work-on-?b_id=13750|title=What devices will NPR One work on?|publisher=NPR One Help |access-date=April 26, 2017|archive-date=November 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106173651/https://help.npr.org/customer/en/portal/articles/2100796-what-devices-will-npr-one-work-on-?b_id=13750|url-status=dead }}</ref> '' | In July 2014, NPR launched NPR One, an app for [[iOS]] and [[Android (operating system)|Android]] smartphones and other mobile devices, which aimed to make it easier for listeners to stream local NPR stations live, and listen to NPR podcasts by autoplaying content and permitting easy navigation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://venturebeat.com/2014/07/28/npr-launches-new-npr-one-mobile-app-for-curating-public-radio-news/|title=NPR launches new 'NPR One' mobile app for curating public radio news|date=July 28, 2014|website=VentureBeat |first1=Tom |last1=Cheredar |access-date=April 26, 2017|archive-date=July 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707142155/https://venturebeat.com/2014/07/28/npr-launches-new-npr-one-mobile-app-for-curating-public-radio-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> Since launch NPR has made the service available on additional channels: [[Windows mobile]] devices, web browsers, [[Chromecast]], Apple Car Play, [[Apple Watch]], [[Android Auto]], [[Android Wear]], [[Samsung Gear]] S2 and S3, [[Amazon Fire TV]], and [[Amazon Alexa]]–enabled devices.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://help.npr.org/customer/en/portal/articles/2100796-what-devices-will-npr-one-work-on-?b_id=13750|title=What devices will NPR One work on?|publisher=NPR One Help |access-date=April 26, 2017|archive-date=November 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106173651/https://help.npr.org/customer/en/portal/articles/2100796-what-devices-will-npr-one-work-on-?b_id=13750|url-status=dead }}</ref> ''The New York Times'' listed NPR One as one of 2016's "best apps".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Eaton |first1=Kit |date=December 14, 2016 |title=2016 in Review: The Year's Best Apps |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/14/technology/personaltech/best-apps.html |url-access=subscription |work=The New York Times |access-date=September 24, 2019 |archive-date=December 14, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161214174013/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/14/technology/personaltech/best-apps.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
==Programming== | ==Programming== | ||
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* ''[[BBC World Service]]'', world news produced by the [[BBC]] often used to fill [[graveyard slot|overnight hours]] | * ''[[BBC World Service]]'', world news produced by the [[BBC]] often used to fill [[graveyard slot|overnight hours]] | ||
* ''[[Classical 24]]'', generally airs overnights on many non-commercial stations | * ''[[Classical 24]]'', generally airs overnights on many non-commercial stations | ||
* ''[[The Daily (podcast)|The Daily]]'', daily podcast created by '' | * ''[[The Daily (podcast)|The Daily]]'', daily podcast created by ''The New York Times'' and hosted by [[Michael Barbaro]] | ||
*''[[Marketplace (radio program)|Marketplace]]'', program that focuses on business, the economy, and events that influence them | *''[[Marketplace (radio program)|Marketplace]]'', program that focuses on business, the economy, and events that influence them | ||
*''[[Performance Today]]'', most listened-to daily classical music radio program in the United States (formerly distributed by NPR) | *''[[Performance Today]]'', most listened-to daily classical music radio program in the United States (formerly distributed by NPR) | ||
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===Sexual harassment=== | ===Sexual harassment=== | ||
In October 2017, sexual harassment charges were leveled against [[Michael Oreskes]], senior vice president of news and editorial director since 2015. Some of the accusations dated back to when he was Washington, D.C. bureau chief for '' | In October 2017, sexual harassment charges were leveled against [[Michael Oreskes]], senior vice president of news and editorial director since 2015. Some of the accusations dated back to when he was Washington, D.C. bureau chief for ''The New York Times'' during the 1990s, while others involved his conduct at NPR,<ref>{{cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/nprs-top-editor-accused-of-sexual-harassment-by-two-women/2017/10/31/a2078bea-bdf7-11e7-959c-fe2b598d8c00_story.html |title=NPR's top editor placed on leave after accusations of sexual harassment |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=October 31, 2017 |access-date=November 1, 2017 |archive-date=November 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101010207/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/nprs-top-editor-accused-of-sexual-harassment-by-two-women/2017/10/31/a2078bea-bdf7-11e7-959c-fe2b598d8c00_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> where eight women filed sexual harassment complaints against Oreskes.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |date=2017-11-03 |title=NPR chief faces employee fury as harassment scandal expands |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/two-new-accusers-emerge-at-npr-adding-to-growing-harassment-scandal/2017/11/03/06ec9fb6-c012-11e7-8444-a0d4f04b89eb_story.html |access-date=2022-12-31 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=March 16, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316215411/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/two-new-accusers-emerge-at-npr-adding-to-growing-harassment-scandal/2017/11/03/06ec9fb6-c012-11e7-8444-a0d4f04b89eb_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> After a report on the ''Times'' accusations was published in ''[[The Washington Post]]'', NPR put Oreskes on administrative leave, and the following day his resignation was requested.<ref>{{cite news |last=Folkenflik |first=David |title=NPR's Head Of News Placed On Leave After Past Harassment Allegations Surface |date=October 31, 2017 |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/10/31/561267272/nprs-head-of-news-placed-on-leave-after-past-harassment-allegations-surface |publisher=NPR |access-date=November 1, 2017 |archive-date=December 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204064804/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/10/31/561267272/nprs-head-of-news-placed-on-leave-after-past-harassment-allegations-surface |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Stelter |first1=Brian |last2=Smith |first2=Aaron |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/11/01/media/michael-oreskes-npr/index.html |title=Top NPR editor resigns amid allegations of harassment |work=CNN |date=November 1, 2017 |access-date=November 1, 2017 |archive-date=December 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209003850/https://money.cnn.com/2017/11/01/media/michael-oreskes-npr/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="washingtonpost1">{{cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/top-newsroom-official-at-npr-resigns-amid-harassment-allegations/2017/11/01/d26d682c-bf1e-11e7-8444-a0d4f04b89eb_story.html |title=Michael Oreskes, top NPR newsroom official, resigns amid harassment allegations |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=November 1, 2017 |access-date=November 1, 2017 |archive-date=November 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101202130/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/top-newsroom-official-at-npr-resigns-amid-harassment-allegations/2017/11/01/d26d682c-bf1e-11e7-8444-a0d4f04b89eb_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> CNN's [[Brian Stelter]] reported that NPR staffers were dissatisfied with the handling of Oreskes, were demanding an external investigation, and that Oreskes poisoned the newsroom atmosphere by abusing his position to meet young women.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stelter |first=Brian |date=November 2, 2017 |title=At NPR, Oreskes harassment scandal leaves deep wounds |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/11/01/media/npr-michael-oreskes-resigns-fallout/index.html |publisher=[[CNNMoney]] |access-date=November 2, 2017 |archive-date=November 28, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128113911/https://money.cnn.com/2017/11/01/media/npr-michael-oreskes-resigns-fallout/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Oreskes resigned at the request of CEO [[Jarl Mohn]], was denied severance and separation benefits, and reimbursed NPR $1,800 in expense account charges related to his meetings with women.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Folkenflik |first=David |title=Report Detailing Harassment At NPR Cites 'High Level Of Distrust' Of Management |language=en |work=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/02/20/587284377/report-detailing-harassment-at-npr-cites-high-level-of-distrust-of-management |access-date=2022-12-31 |archive-date=December 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231165237/https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/02/20/587284377/report-detailing-harassment-at-npr-cites-high-level-of-distrust-of-management |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Farhi |first=Paul |date=2017-11-01 |title=NPR bosses knew about harassment allegations, but kept top editor on job |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/top-newsroom-official-at-npr-resigns-amid-harassment-allegations/2017/11/01/d26d682c-bf1e-11e7-8444-a0d4f04b89eb_story.html |access-date=2022-12-31 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=November 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101202130/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/top-newsroom-official-at-npr-resigns-amid-harassment-allegations/2017/11/01/d26d682c-bf1e-11e7-8444-a0d4f04b89eb_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
=== Twitter controversy === | === Twitter controversy === | ||
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On April 8, 2023, Twitter changed the designation of NPR's account from "state-affiliated" to "government-funded".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Twitter Changes Label On NPR Account From 'State-Affiliated' To 'Government Funded' |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mattnovak/2023/04/08/twitter-changes-label-on-npr-account-from-state-affiliated-to-government-funded/?sh=858b17373529 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410062727/https://connatix-d.openx.net/v/1.0/av?auid=539844291&schain=1.0,1!connatix.com,679698455578581,1,,,,&url=www.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fmattnovak%2F2023%2F04%2F08%2Ftwitter-changes-label-on-npr-account-from-state-af&cb=6742c70b-03cb-4ba5-b3df-dfb0399a0147&vwd=526&vht=296&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=undefined&us_privacy= |archive-date=April 10, 2023 |access-date=April 9, 2023 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> On April 10, after managing to get in contact with Musk himself, NPR reporter Bobby Allyn wrote in a tweet that the platform's owner told him he was relying on a list accessible through a [[Wikipedia]] category page, named "[[:Category:Publicly funded broadcasters]]", in order to determine which news organizations' accounts should be deemed as "government-funded media".<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Folkenflik |first=David |date=April 12, 2023 |title=NPR quits Twitter after being falsely labeled as 'state-affiliated media' |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/04/12/1169269161/npr-leaves-twitter-government-funded-media-label |access-date=April 12, 2023 |website=NPR |archive-date=April 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422231851/https://www.npr.org/2023/04/12/1169269161/npr-leaves-twitter-government-funded-media-label |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Sarah |date=April 11, 2023 |title=Elon Musk says Twitter is using a Wikipedia list to help decide which news organizations are labeled 'government-funded media' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-twitter-using-wikipedia-to-decide-government-funded-media-2023-4 |access-date=April 12, 2023 |website=[[Business Insider]] |language=en-US |archive-date=April 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411190614/https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-twitter-using-wikipedia-to-decide-government-funded-media-2023-4 |url-status=live }}</ref> | On April 8, 2023, Twitter changed the designation of NPR's account from "state-affiliated" to "government-funded".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Twitter Changes Label On NPR Account From 'State-Affiliated' To 'Government Funded' |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/mattnovak/2023/04/08/twitter-changes-label-on-npr-account-from-state-affiliated-to-government-funded/?sh=858b17373529 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410062727/https://connatix-d.openx.net/v/1.0/av?auid=539844291&schain=1.0,1!connatix.com,679698455578581,1,,,,&url=www.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fmattnovak%2F2023%2F04%2F08%2Ftwitter-changes-label-on-npr-account-from-state-af&cb=6742c70b-03cb-4ba5-b3df-dfb0399a0147&vwd=526&vht=296&gdpr=0&gdpr_consent=undefined&us_privacy= |archive-date=April 10, 2023 |access-date=April 9, 2023 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> On April 10, after managing to get in contact with Musk himself, NPR reporter Bobby Allyn wrote in a tweet that the platform's owner told him he was relying on a list accessible through a [[Wikipedia]] category page, named "[[:Category:Publicly funded broadcasters]]", in order to determine which news organizations' accounts should be deemed as "government-funded media".<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Folkenflik |first=David |date=April 12, 2023 |title=NPR quits Twitter after being falsely labeled as 'state-affiliated media' |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/04/12/1169269161/npr-leaves-twitter-government-funded-media-label |access-date=April 12, 2023 |website=NPR |archive-date=April 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422231851/https://www.npr.org/2023/04/12/1169269161/npr-leaves-twitter-government-funded-media-label |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jackson |first=Sarah |date=April 11, 2023 |title=Elon Musk says Twitter is using a Wikipedia list to help decide which news organizations are labeled 'government-funded media' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-twitter-using-wikipedia-to-decide-government-funded-media-2023-4 |access-date=April 12, 2023 |website=[[Business Insider]] |language=en-US |archive-date=April 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230411190614/https://www.businessinsider.com/elon-musk-twitter-using-wikipedia-to-decide-government-funded-media-2023-4 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
On April 12, NPR announced that its accounts would no longer be active on Twitter,<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |last=Yang |first=Maya |date=April 12, 2023 |title=NPR to quit Twitter after being labelled 'state-affiliated media' |language=en-GB |work= | On April 12, NPR announced that its accounts would no longer be active on Twitter,<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |last=Yang |first=Maya |date=April 12, 2023 |title=NPR to quit Twitter after being labelled 'state-affiliated media' |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2023/apr/12/npr-leaves-twitter-elon-musk-state-media |access-date=April 13, 2023 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=April 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412231518/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2023/apr/12/npr-leaves-twitter-elon-musk-state-media |url-status=live }}</ref> citing the platform's "inaccurate and misleading" labeling of NPR as "government-funded media" despite the fact that it receives "less than 1 percent of its $300 million annual budget" from the [[Corporation for Public Broadcasting]].<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4">{{cite news |last1=Kelley |first1=Lora |last2=Robertson |first2=Katie |date=April 12, 2023 |title=NPR to Suspend Twitter Use After 'Government-Funded' Label |work=[[New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/12/business/npr-twitter-suspension.html |access-date=April 12, 2023 |archive-date=April 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412133912/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/12/business/npr-twitter-suspension.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Wile |first=Rob |date=April 13, 2023 |title=NPR quits Twitter, saying the platform is 'undermining' its credibility |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/npr-quits-twitter-says-platform-undermining-credibility-rcna79322 |access-date=April 13, 2023 |website=[[NBC News]] |language=en |archive-date=April 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413004131/https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/tech-news/npr-quits-twitter-says-platform-undermining-credibility-rcna79322 |url-status=live }}</ref> As their last post on the platform, the network shared links to their alternative newsletters, websites and social media profiles in a thread.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite tweet |date=April 12, 2023 |title=NPR produces consequential, independent journalism every day in service to the public. Here's you can find and read our work... |user=NPR |number=1646138100035272704 |access-date=April 12, 2023}}</ref> In an email to the staff explaining the decision, CEO John Lansing allowed individual NPR journalists and staffers to choose for themselves whether to keep using Twitter, while noting that "it would be a disservice to the serious work you all do here to continue to share it on a platform that is associating the federal charter for public media with an abandoning of editorial independence or standards."<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":5" /> | ||
==Publications== | ==Publications== | ||
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{{NPR}} | {{NPR}} | ||
{{NPR Radio stations}} | {{NPR Radio stations}} | ||
{{Public broadcasting in the United States}} | {{Public broadcasting in the United States}} | ||