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}} The '''Raytheon Company''' was a major [[List of United States defense contractors|U.S. defense contractor]] and industrial corporation with [[manufacturing]] concentrations in [[weapon]]s and military and commercial [[electronics]]. Founded in 1922, it merged in 2020 with [[United Technologies|United Technologies Corporation]] to form Raytheon Technologies,<ref name="Kilgore">{{cite news | url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/raytheon-technologies-stock-formerly-united-technologies-starts-trading-in-the-dow-friday-2020-04-03 | title=Raytheon Technologies' stock, formerly United Technologies, starts trading in | first=Tomi | last=Kilgore | work=[[MarketWatch]] | date=April 4, 2020}}</ref> which changed its name to [[RTX Corporation]] in July 2023. | }} The '''Raytheon Company''' was a major [[List of United States defense contractors|U.S. defense contractor]] and industrial corporation with [[manufacturing]] concentrations in [[weapon]]s and military and commercial [[electronics]]. Founded in 1922, it merged in 2020 with [[United Technologies|United Technologies Corporation]] to form Raytheon Technologies,<ref name="Kilgore">{{cite news | url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/raytheon-technologies-stock-formerly-united-technologies-starts-trading-in-the-dow-friday-2020-04-03 | title=Raytheon Technologies' stock, formerly United Technologies, starts trading in | first=Tomi | last=Kilgore | work=[[MarketWatch]] | date=April 4, 2020}}</ref> which changed its name to [[RTX Corporation]] in July 2023. | ||
Raytheon was established in 1922, [[Incorporation (business)|reincorporated]] in 1928, and adopted the Raytheon Company name in 1959. More than 90% of Raytheon's revenues were obtained from military contracts and, as of 2012, it was the fifth-largest military contractor in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defensenews.com/article/20120621/DEFREG02/306210005/Defense-News-Top-100-Revenue-Declines-Just-Beginning-U-S-Budget-Cuts-Loom|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130408012722/http://www.defensenews.com/article/20120621/DEFREG02/306210005/Defense-News-Top-100-Revenue-Declines-Just-Beginning-U-S-Budget-Cuts-Loom|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 8, 2013|title=Defense News Top 100|access-date=2013-01-01|year=2012|publisher=Defense News Research}}</ref> {{As of|2015}}, it was the third-largest [[List of United States defense contractors|defense contractor in the United States]] by defense [[revenue]].<ref>[http://people.defensenews.com/top-100/ "Top 100 for 2015."] Defense News. 2015. Retrieved on 2016-07-26.</ref> It was the world's largest producer of [[guided missile]]s, and was involved in corporate and special-mission [[aircraft]] until early 2007.<ref>[http://www.sazhightechconnect.com/headlines/index.cfm?action=view&articleID=265 Missile maker hopes to diversify, create technology for peacetime] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211203015/http://www.sazhightechconnect.com/headlines/index.cfm?action=view&articleID=265 |date=2012-02-11 }}. Sazhightechconnect.com. Retrieved on 2012-02-04.</ref> In 2018, the company had around 67,000 employees worldwide and annual revenues of about | Raytheon was established in 1922, [[Incorporation (business)|reincorporated]] in 1928, and adopted the Raytheon Company name in 1959. More than 90% of Raytheon's revenues were obtained from military contracts and, as of 2012, it was the fifth-largest military contractor in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defensenews.com/article/20120621/DEFREG02/306210005/Defense-News-Top-100-Revenue-Declines-Just-Beginning-U-S-Budget-Cuts-Loom|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130408012722/http://www.defensenews.com/article/20120621/DEFREG02/306210005/Defense-News-Top-100-Revenue-Declines-Just-Beginning-U-S-Budget-Cuts-Loom|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 8, 2013|title=Defense News Top 100|access-date=2013-01-01|year=2012|publisher=Defense News Research}}</ref> {{As of|2015}}, it was the third-largest [[List of United States defense contractors|defense contractor in the United States]] by defense [[revenue]].<ref>[http://people.defensenews.com/top-100/ "Top 100 for 2015."] Defense News. 2015. Retrieved on 2016-07-26.</ref> It was the world's largest producer of [[guided missile]]s, and was involved in corporate and special-mission [[aircraft]] until early 2007.<ref>[http://www.sazhightechconnect.com/headlines/index.cfm?action=view&articleID=265 Missile maker hopes to diversify, create technology for peacetime] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211203015/http://www.sazhightechconnect.com/headlines/index.cfm?action=view&articleID=265 |date=2012-02-11 }}. Sazhightechconnect.com. Retrieved on 2012-02-04.</ref> In 2018, the company had around 67,000 employees worldwide and annual revenues of about US$25.35 billion.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/company/RTN:US |title=Raytheon|website=Fortune|access-date=2019-06-11}}</ref> | ||
Over the years, Raytheon shifted its headquarters among various Massachusetts locations: [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]] from 1922 to 1928; [[Newton, Massachusetts|Newton]] until 1941; [[Waltham, Massachusetts|Waltham]] until 1961; and finally, [[Lexington, Massachusetts|Lexington]] until 2003.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://investor.raytheon.com/news-releases/news-release-details/new-raytheon-headquarters-open-oct-27-waltham-mass|title=New Raytheon Headquarters to Open Oct. 27 in Waltham, Mass.|date=2003-10-22|access-date=2019-09-18}}</ref> | Over the years, Raytheon shifted its headquarters among various Massachusetts locations: [[Cambridge, Massachusetts|Cambridge]] from 1922 to 1928; [[Newton, Massachusetts|Newton]] until 1941; [[Waltham, Massachusetts|Waltham]] until 1961; and finally, [[Lexington, Massachusetts|Lexington]] until 2003.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://investor.raytheon.com/news-releases/news-release-details/new-raytheon-headquarters-open-oct-27-waltham-mass|title=New Raytheon Headquarters to Open Oct. 27 in Waltham, Mass.|date=2003-10-22|access-date=2019-09-18}}</ref> | ||
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In 1925, the company changed its name to Raytheon Manufacturing Company and began marketing its rectifier, under the Raytheon brand name, with commercial success. In 1928 Raytheon merged with Q.R.S. Company, an American manufacturer of electron tubes and switches, to form the successor of the same name, Raytheon Manufacturing Company.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} By the 1930s, it had already grown to become one of the world's largest vacuum tube manufacturing companies.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} In 1933 it diversified by acquiring Acme-Delta Company, a producer of [[transformer]]s, power equipment, and electronic [[auto parts]].{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} | In 1925, the company changed its name to Raytheon Manufacturing Company and began marketing its rectifier, under the Raytheon brand name, with commercial success. In 1928 Raytheon merged with Q.R.S. Company, an American manufacturer of electron tubes and switches, to form the successor of the same name, Raytheon Manufacturing Company.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} By the 1930s, it had already grown to become one of the world's largest vacuum tube manufacturing companies.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} In 1933 it diversified by acquiring Acme-Delta Company, a producer of [[transformer]]s, power equipment, and electronic [[auto parts]].{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} | ||
===During World War II=== | ===During World War II=== | ||
Early in [[World War II]], [[physicist]]s in the | Early in [[World War II]], [[physicist]]s in the United Kingdom invented the [[magnetron]], a specialized [[microwave]]-generating electron tube that markedly improved the capability of radar to detect enemy aircraft. American companies were then sought by the US government to perfect and [[mass-produce]] the magnetron for ground-based, airborne, and shipborne radar systems, and, with support from the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]'s [[Radiation Laboratory]] (recently formed to investigate [[microwave radar]]), Raytheon received a contract to build the devices. Within a few month, Raytheon began to manufacture [[magnetron]] tubes for use in radar sets, and then complete [[radar system]]s. During the war, Raytheon also pioneered the production of shipboard radar systems, particularly for submarine detection. Raytheon was also a contractor for the mass-production of miniature [[Toughness|shock-resistant]] vacuum tubes used in [[Proximity fuze|proximity fuse]]s. These tubes were difficult to manufacture and required rigorous attention to detail.<ref>Holmes, Jamie. ''12 Seconds Of Silence: How a Team of Inventors, Tinkerers, and Spies Took Down a Nazi Superweapon.'' Mariner Books, 2020, 416 pp.</ref> At war's end in 1945, the company had built about 80 percent of all magnetrons. Raytheon ranked 71st among U.S. corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts.<ref>[[Whiz Kids (Department of Defense)|Peck, Merton J.]] & [[Frederic M. Scherer|Scherer, Frederic M.]] ''The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis'' (1962) [[Harvard Business School]] p.619</ref> | ||
In 1945, Raytheon's [[Percy Spencer]] invented the [[microwave oven]] by discovering that the magnetron could rapidly heat food. In 1947, the company demonstrated the Radarange microwave oven for commercial use.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.raytheon.com/ourcompany/history/leadership/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130322044917/http://www.raytheon.com/ourcompany/history/leadership/ |archive-date=2013-03-22 |title=Technology Leadership |publisher=Raytheon}}</ref> | In 1945, Raytheon's [[Percy Spencer]] invented the [[microwave oven]] by discovering that the magnetron could rapidly heat food. In 1947, the company demonstrated the Radarange microwave oven for commercial use.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.raytheon.com/ourcompany/history/leadership/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130322044917/http://www.raytheon.com/ourcompany/history/leadership/ |archive-date=2013-03-22 |title=Technology Leadership |publisher=Raytheon}}</ref> | ||
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During the post-war years, Raytheon also made generally low- to medium-powered radio and television [[transmitter]]s and related equipment for the commercial market, but the high-powered market was solidly in the hands of larger, better-financed competitors such as [[Continental Electronics]], [[General Electric]] and [[RCA|Radio Corporation of America]]. | During the post-war years, Raytheon also made generally low- to medium-powered radio and television [[transmitter]]s and related equipment for the commercial market, but the high-powered market was solidly in the hands of larger, better-financed competitors such as [[Continental Electronics]], [[General Electric]] and [[RCA|Radio Corporation of America]]. | ||
In 1946, the company expanded its electronics capability through acquisitions that included the Submarine Signal Company (founded in 1901), a leading manufacturer of maritime safety equipment. With its broadened capabilities, Raytheon developed the first [[guidance system]] for a missile that could intercept a flying target. In 1948, [[Charles Francis Adams IV]] was appointed president of the company and served until 1960. In 1948, Raytheon began to manufacture [[guided missile]]s. In 1950, its [[SAM-N-2 Lark|Lark]] became the first such missile to destroy a target aircraft in flight. Raytheon then received military contracts to develop the air-to-air [[AIM-7 Sparrow|Sparrow]] and ground-to-air [[MIM-23 Hawk|Hawk]] missiles, projects that received impetus from the | In 1946, the company expanded its electronics capability through acquisitions that included the Submarine Signal Company (founded in 1901), a leading manufacturer of maritime safety equipment. With its broadened capabilities, Raytheon developed the first [[guidance system]] for a missile that could intercept a flying target. In 1948, [[Charles Francis Adams IV]] was appointed president of the company and served until 1960. In 1948, Raytheon began to manufacture [[guided missile]]s. In 1950, its [[SAM-N-2 Lark|Lark]] became the first such missile to destroy a target aircraft in flight. Raytheon then received military contracts to develop the air-to-air [[AIM-7 Sparrow|Sparrow]] and ground-to-air [[MIM-23 Hawk|Hawk]] missiles, projects that received impetus from the Korean War. In later decades, it remained a major producer of missiles, such as the [[Patriot antimissile missile]] and the air-to-air [[Phoenix missile]]. | ||
Raytheon made a foray into computers, producing the [[RAYDAC]] computer for the U.S. Navy which became operational in 1953. "Unfortunately, the machine was technically obsolete by the time it was operational."{{citation needed|date=September 2022}} Also in 1953, the company began work on a follow-on, the RAYCOM, which was never completed.<ref name="Flamm">{{cite book |last1=Flamm |first1=Kenneth |title=Creating the Computer: Government, Industry and High Technology |date=2010 |publisher=Brookings Institution Press |isbn=978-0-8157-2850-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/creatingcomputer0000flam |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/creatingcomputer0000flam/page/113 113] |access-date=Aug 21, 2019}}</ref> In 1954, it entered into a joint venture with [[Honeywell]] to form the Datamatic corporation. However it sold its interest to Honeywell a year later, before introduction of the [[DATAmatic 1000]] system. | Raytheon made a foray into computers, producing the [[RAYDAC]] computer for the U.S. Navy which became operational in 1953. "Unfortunately, the machine was technically obsolete by the time it was operational."{{citation needed|date=September 2022}} Also in 1953, the company began work on a follow-on, the RAYCOM, which was never completed.<ref name="Flamm">{{cite book |last1=Flamm |first1=Kenneth |title=Creating the Computer: Government, Industry and High Technology |date=2010 |publisher=Brookings Institution Press |isbn=978-0-8157-2850-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/creatingcomputer0000flam |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/creatingcomputer0000flam/page/113 113] |access-date=Aug 21, 2019}}</ref> In 1954, it entered into a joint venture with [[Honeywell]] to form the Datamatic corporation. However it sold its interest to Honeywell a year later, before introduction of the [[DATAmatic 1000]] system. | ||
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Raytheon also divested itself of several nondefense businesses in the 1990s, including [[Amana Refrigeration]], Raytheon Commercial Laundry (purchased by [[Bain Capital]]'s [[Alliance Laundry Systems]]), and Seismograph Service Ltd (sold to [[Schlumberger]]-[[Geco-Prakla]]). On October 12, 1999, Raytheon exited the [[personal rapid transit]] (PRT) business as it terminated its [[PRT 2000]]<ref>[http://faculty.washington.edu/jbs/itrans/PRT/PRT2000_Concept.html PRT 2000 System Concept], "Design and Commercialization of the PRT 2000 Personal Rapid Transit System" by S. J. Gluck, R. Tauber and B. Schupp. University of Washington Web Server.</ref> system due to the high cost of development and the lack of interest.<ref name="Raytheon PRT Prospects Dim but not Doomed. Peter Samuel.">[http://faculty.washington.edu/jbs/itrans/samuel2.htm Raytheon PRT Prospects Dim but not Doomed. Peter Samuel.] October 1999.</ref> | Raytheon also divested itself of several nondefense businesses in the 1990s, including [[Amana Refrigeration]], Raytheon Commercial Laundry (purchased by [[Bain Capital]]'s [[Alliance Laundry Systems]]), and Seismograph Service Ltd (sold to [[Schlumberger]]-[[Geco-Prakla]]). On October 12, 1999, Raytheon exited the [[personal rapid transit]] (PRT) business as it terminated its [[PRT 2000]]<ref>[http://faculty.washington.edu/jbs/itrans/PRT/PRT2000_Concept.html PRT 2000 System Concept], "Design and Commercialization of the PRT 2000 Personal Rapid Transit System" by S. J. Gluck, R. Tauber and B. Schupp. University of Washington Web Server.</ref> system due to the high cost of development and the lack of interest.<ref name="Raytheon PRT Prospects Dim but not Doomed. Peter Samuel.">[http://faculty.washington.edu/jbs/itrans/samuel2.htm Raytheon PRT Prospects Dim but not Doomed. Peter Samuel.] October 1999.</ref> | ||
===2000s=== | ===2000s=== | ||
During the | During the September 11 attacks of 2001, Raytheon had an office in the South Tower of the [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]] on the 91st floor. Their office, being 6 floors above where [[United Airlines Flight 175]] collided with the building, was spared from the immediate collision, but was utterly destroyed in the subsequent collapse of the South Tower.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Building: 2 World Trade Center - South Tower |url=http://edition.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2001/trade.center/tenants2.html |access-date=2023-09-18 |website=www.edition.cnn.com}}</ref> | ||
In November 2007, Raytheon purchased [[Sarcos]] for an undisclosed sum, seeking to expand into robotics research and production.<ref>Jump up ^ Staff (2007-11-14). "Business Briefs". The Lowell Sun (MediaNews Group).</ref> | In November 2007, Raytheon purchased [[Sarcos]] for an undisclosed sum, seeking to expand into robotics research and production.<ref>Jump up ^ Staff (2007-11-14). "Business Briefs". The Lowell Sun (MediaNews Group).</ref> | ||
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[[File:3DELRR long-range radar system.JPG|thumb|The 3DELRR long-range radar system in 2021]]In December 2010, [[Applied Signal Technology]] agreed to be acquired by Raytheon for $490 million.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hubler |first1=David |title=Raytheon buys Applied Signal Technology |url=https://washingtontechnology.com/articles/2010/12/20/raytheon--applied-signal-technology.aspx |access-date=Aug 21, 2019 |agency=Washington Technology |date=Dec 20, 2010}}</ref> | [[File:3DELRR long-range radar system.JPG|thumb|The 3DELRR long-range radar system in 2021]]In December 2010, [[Applied Signal Technology]] agreed to be acquired by Raytheon for $490 million.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hubler |first1=David |title=Raytheon buys Applied Signal Technology |url=https://washingtontechnology.com/articles/2010/12/20/raytheon--applied-signal-technology.aspx |access-date=Aug 21, 2019 |agency=Washington Technology |date=Dec 20, 2010}}</ref> | ||
In October 2014, Raytheon beat rivals [[Lockheed Martin]] and [[Northrop Grumman]] for a contract to build 3DELRR, a next-generation long-range radar system, for the USAF worth an estimated $1 billion.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-raytheon-radar-idUSKCN0HV23Z20141006 Raytheon wins deal for next-generation U.S. Air Force radar]. | In October 2014, Raytheon beat rivals [[Lockheed Martin]] and [[Northrop Grumman]] for a contract to build 3DELRR, a next-generation long-range radar system, for the USAF worth an estimated $1 billion.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-raytheon-radar-idUSKCN0HV23Z20141006 Raytheon wins deal for next-generation U.S. Air Force radar]. Reuters, 7 October 2014</ref> | ||
The contract award was immediately protested by Raytheon's competitors, Lockheed Martin and Northrop Grumman. After re-evaluating the bids following the protests,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/air-space/isr/2015/01/22/usaf-3delrr-reevaluate/22138939/|title=US Air Force to Reevaluate 3DELRR Award|first=Aaron|last=Mehta|date=22 January 2015|access-date=7 August 2017}}</ref> the USAF decided to delay awarding the 3DELRR EMD contract until 2017 and was to issue an amended solicitation at the end of July 2016.<ref>[http://www.janes.com/article/62323/usaf-delays-awarding-3delrr-emd-contract-until-2017 USAF delays awarding 3DELRR EMD contract until 2017]. [[Jane's Information Group|Janes]], 15 July 2016</ref> In 2017 the USAF again awarded the contract to Raytheon.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mehta |first1=Aaron |title=Raytheon awarded 3DELRR radar contract for second time |url=https://www.defensenews.com/air/2017/05/11/raytheon-awarded-3delrr-radar-contract-for-second-time/ |website=DefenseNews |access-date=Aug 20, 2019|date=2017-08-08 }}</ref> | The contract award was immediately protested by Raytheon's competitors, Lockheed Martin and Northrop Grumman. After re-evaluating the bids following the protests,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/air-space/isr/2015/01/22/usaf-3delrr-reevaluate/22138939/|title=US Air Force to Reevaluate 3DELRR Award|first=Aaron|last=Mehta|date=22 January 2015|access-date=7 August 2017}}</ref> the USAF decided to delay awarding the 3DELRR EMD contract until 2017 and was to issue an amended solicitation at the end of July 2016.<ref>[http://www.janes.com/article/62323/usaf-delays-awarding-3delrr-emd-contract-until-2017 USAF delays awarding 3DELRR EMD contract until 2017]. [[Jane's Information Group|Janes]], 15 July 2016</ref> In 2017 the USAF again awarded the contract to Raytheon.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mehta |first1=Aaron |title=Raytheon awarded 3DELRR radar contract for second time |url=https://www.defensenews.com/air/2017/05/11/raytheon-awarded-3delrr-radar-contract-for-second-time/ |website=DefenseNews |access-date=Aug 20, 2019|date=2017-08-08 }}</ref> | ||
In May 2015, Raytheon acquired cybersecurity firm Websense, Inc. from Vista Equity Partners for $1.9 billion<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-websense-m-a-raytheon-idUSKBN0NB13S20150420|title=Raytheon to buy cybersecurity firm Websense in $1.9 billion deal|last=Jaisinghani|first=Sagarika|date=2015-04-25|work= | In May 2015, Raytheon acquired cybersecurity firm Websense, Inc. from Vista Equity Partners for $1.9 billion<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-websense-m-a-raytheon-idUSKBN0NB13S20150420|title=Raytheon to buy cybersecurity firm Websense in $1.9 billion deal|last=Jaisinghani|first=Sagarika|date=2015-04-25|work=Reuters|access-date=2018-10-30|language=en-US}}</ref> and combined it with RCP, formerly part of its IIS segment to form Raytheon|Websense.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/washington/blog/fedbiz_daily/2016/01/raytheon-websense-joint-cyber-venture-changes-name.html|title=Raytheon-Websense joint cyber venture changes name to Forcepoint|last=Bach|first=James|date=2016-01-14|website=[[Washington Business Journal]]|access-date=2018-10-31}}</ref> In October 2015, Raytheon|Websense acquired Foreground Security for $62 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.transactionview.com/deal-news/raytheon-paid-62m-for-foreground-security|title=Raytheon Paid $62M for Foreground Security|website=TransactionView|language=en|access-date=2018-10-31}}</ref> In January 2016, Raytheon|Websense acquired the firewall provider Stonesoft from [[Intel]] Security for an undisclosed amount and renamed itself to Forcepoint.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://siliconangle.com/2016/01/14/raytheon-websense-acquires-stonesoft-from-intel-security-renames-combined-company-forcepoint/|title=Raytheon{{!}}Websense acquires Stonesoft from Intel Security, renames combined company Forcepoint|last=Riley|first=Duncan|date=2016-01-14|work=SiliconANGLE|access-date=2018-10-31|language=en-US}}</ref> | ||
In July 2016, [[Poland|Poland's]] Defence Minister [[Antoni Macierewicz]] planned to sign a letter of intent with Raytheon for a $5.6 billion deal to upgrade its Patriot missile-defence shield.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/business/21702207-weapons-makers-reckon-missiles-will-be-their-next-big-hit-rocketing-around-world|title=Rocketing around the world|newspaper=The Economist|issn=0013-0613|access-date=2016-07-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Poland_moves_towards_multi-billion-euro_Patriot_missile_deal_999.html|title=Poland moves towards multi-billion-euro Patriot missile deal|access-date=2016-07-23}}</ref> | In July 2016, [[Poland|Poland's]] Defence Minister [[Antoni Macierewicz]] planned to sign a letter of intent with Raytheon for a $5.6 billion deal to upgrade its Patriot missile-defence shield.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/business/21702207-weapons-makers-reckon-missiles-will-be-their-next-big-hit-rocketing-around-world|title=Rocketing around the world|newspaper=The Economist|issn=0013-0613|access-date=2016-07-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Poland_moves_towards_multi-billion-euro_Patriot_missile_deal_999.html|title=Poland moves towards multi-billion-euro Patriot missile deal|access-date=2016-07-23}}</ref> | ||