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| | {{Organization |
| | |OrganizationName=Y-12 National Security Complex |
| | |OrganizationType=Government Corporations (Sub-organization) |
| | |Mission=Y-12 supports the U.S. nuclear deterrent by manufacturing, processing, and storing nuclear materials, reducing global nuclear threats, and providing fuel for the Naval Reactors program, all while ensuring safety, security, and environmental stewardship. |
| | |ParentOrganization=National Nuclear Security Administration |
| | |TopOrganization=Department of Energy |
| | |Employees=4700 |
| | |Budget=$1.2 billion [2025 FY] |
| | |OrganizationExecutive=Manager |
| | |Services=Nuclear Material Processing; Component Manufacturing; Storage of Nuclear Materials; Environmental Management |
| | |HeadquartersLocation=35.99168, -84.2524 |
| | |HeadquartersAddress=301 Bear Creek Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 |
| | |Website=https://www.y12.doe.gov |
| | }} |
| {{Short description|US Energy Dept facility in Oak Ridge, Tennessee}} | | {{Short description|US Energy Dept facility in Oak Ridge, Tennessee}} |
| {{Other uses|Y-12 (disambiguation)}}
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| {{Use American English|date=December 2022}}
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| {{Use mdy dates|date=December 2022}}
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| [[File:Y-12 Aerial.jpg|thumb|Y-12 National Security Complex in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.]] | | [[File:Y-12 Aerial.jpg|thumb|Y-12 National Security Complex in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.]] |
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| CNS Y-12 currently{{when|date=May 2013}} employs approximately 4,700 people. About 1,500 additional personnel work onsite as employees of organizations that include [[UT-Battelle]], [[Science Applications International Corporation]], UCOR, and WSI Oak Ridge (an American-controlled unit of [[G4S Secure Solutions]]), which holds the security contract for the site. Workers at the site were represented by the [[Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers International Union]].<ref name="Dumas">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Bischak |first=Greg |editor-last1=Dumas |editor-first1=Lloyd J. |editor-last2=Thee |editor-first2=Marek |encyclopedia=Making Peace Possible: The Promise of Economic Conversion |title=Facing the Second Generation of the Nuclear Weapons Complex: Renewal of the Nuclear Production Base or Economic Conversion? |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=brijBQAAQBAJ |access-date=2022-03-20 |year=1989 |publisher=Pergamon Press |series=Peace Research Monograph |volume=19 |isbn=0-08-037252X |page=115}}</ref> | | CNS Y-12 currently{{when|date=May 2013}} employs approximately 4,700 people. About 1,500 additional personnel work onsite as employees of organizations that include [[UT-Battelle]], [[Science Applications International Corporation]], UCOR, and WSI Oak Ridge (an American-controlled unit of [[G4S Secure Solutions]]), which holds the security contract for the site. Workers at the site were represented by the [[Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers International Union]].<ref name="Dumas">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Bischak |first=Greg |editor-last1=Dumas |editor-first1=Lloyd J. |editor-last2=Thee |editor-first2=Marek |encyclopedia=Making Peace Possible: The Promise of Economic Conversion |title=Facing the Second Generation of the Nuclear Weapons Complex: Renewal of the Nuclear Production Base or Economic Conversion? |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=brijBQAAQBAJ |access-date=2022-03-20 |year=1989 |publisher=Pergamon Press |series=Peace Research Monograph |volume=19 |isbn=0-08-037252X |page=115}}</ref> |
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| ==Anti-nuclear protests==
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| [[File:Orepa-2011-y12-rally-tn3.jpg|right|thumb|April 2011 Oak Ridge Environmental Peace Alliance rally at the Y-12 entrance]]
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| Since 1988, Oak Ridge Environmental Peace Alliance has organized non-violent direct action protests at the Y-12 Complex, in an effort to close down the weapons plant. Sister Mary Dennis Lentsch, a Catholic nun, has been arrested many times for protesting at the Oak Ridge facility.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna20183587 |title=Nun sentenced for protesting nuke plant - US news - Crime & courts - NBCNews.com |website=[[NBC News]] |date=August 8, 2007 |access-date=2012-08-28}}</ref> She has said, "I believe the continuing weapons production at the Y-12 National Security Complex in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, is in direct violation of the treaty obligations of the United States and consequently, is a violation of Article 6 of the U.S. Constitution".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2010/jul/05/protesters-plan-morning-resistance-y-12/ |title=Y-12 protests nets dozens of arrests |author=Frank Munger |date=2010-07-05 |work=Knox News }}</ref>
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| In 2011, the Rev. [[William J. Bichsel]], an 84-year-old priest, received a prison sentence of three months for trespassing on federal property at the Y-12 complex.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thenewstribune.com/2011/09/13/1822294/the-rev-bill-bichsel-of-tacoma.html#storylink=cpy |title= Rev. Bill Bichsel of Tacoma sentenced to 3 months for Y-12 protest in Tennessee |date=2011-09-13 |work=The News Tribune |agency=Associated Press}}{{dead link|date=June 2014}}</ref> In 2012, there were protests about the new uranium processing facility.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2012/apr/21/protesters-rally-against-new-y-12-uranium/ |title=Protesters rally against new Y-12 uranium facility |author= Lance Coleman |date=2012-04-21 |work=Knox News }}</ref>
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| In July 2012, [[Megan Rice]], an 82-year-old Catholic sister of the Society of the Holy Child Jesus, and two military veterans, Gregory Boertje-Obed, and Michael Walli, entered the Y-12 complex. They were all [[Plowshares Movement|Plowshares activists]], and they chose Y-12 because of its crucial role in the production of nuclear weapons. They spray-painted anti-war slogans on the exterior of the Highly Enriched Uranium Materials Facility, a structure for storing weapons-grade uranium.<ref>{{cite book |last=Sargent |first=Carole |author-link= |date=2021-02-02 |title=Transform Now Plowshares: Megan Rice, Gregory Boertje-Obed, and Michael Walli |url= https://litpress.org/Products/3722/Transform-Now-Plowshares|location= |publisher= Liturgical Press|isbn=9780814637227}}</ref> The [[Anti-nuclear movement|anti-nuclear]] activists, who got past fences and disabled security sensors before dawn on July 28, spent several hours in the complex, spray-painted peace messages, and prayed and sang before they were stopped by guards. The security breach prompted private experts to criticize the Department of Energy's safeguarding of nuclear materials.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/08/us/pacifists-who-broke-into-nuclear-weapon-facility-due-in-court.html?_r=1&ref=atomicweapons |title=Security Questions Are Raised by Break-In at a Nuclear Site |author=Matthew L. Wald |date=2012-08-07 |work=The New York Times }}</ref> The [[Inspector general#U.S. offices of inspector general|DOE-OIG]] found that all of the defenses for the plant were insufficient and that the security response had "troubling displays of ineptitude."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stripes.com/news/us/18-months-after-security-breach-former-y-12-nuclear-weapons-plant-boss-tells-his-story-1.268183 |title=18 months after security breach, former Y-12 nuclear weapons plant boss tells his story |last1=Munger |first1=Frank |date=2014-02-17 |website=www.stripes.com |publisher=Knoxville News-Sentinel, Tenn. |access-date=2014-02-17}}</ref> On May 9, 2013, the three were convicted of sabotage. In her testimony, Sister Rice said, "I regret I didn't do this 70 years ago."<ref>[http://www.ibtimes.com/nun-83-convicted-breaking-tennessee-nuclear-site-my-regret-was-i-waited-70-years-sister-megan-rice (Rice quote)].</ref>
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| ==See also== | | ==See also== |