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{{Organization
|OrganizationName=National Severe Storms Laboratory
|OrganizationType=Research and Development Agencies (Sub-organization)
|Mission=NSSL researches and develops better understanding, observation, and prediction techniques for severe weather to save lives and reduce property damage by enhancing the accuracy and timeliness of severe weather warnings and forecasts.
|ParentOrganization=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|TopOrganization=Department of Commerce
|Employees=100
|OrganizationExecutive=Director
|Services=Weather Radar Research; Tornado Studies; Flash Flood Prediction; Lightning and Hail Research
|HeadquartersLocation=35.18174, -97.4397
|HeadquartersAddress=120 David L. Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072
|Website=https://www.nssl.noaa.gov
}}
{{Short description|Weather research laboratory}}
{{Short description|Weather research laboratory}}
{{For|the United States Air Force launch system program|National Security Space Launch}}
{{For|the United States Air Force launch system program|National Security Space Launch}}
The '''National Severe Storms Laboratory''' ('''NSSL''') is a [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] (NOAA) weather research laboratory under the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. It is one of seven NOAA Research Laboratories (RLs).<ref>{{cite web |title = NOAA Research Laboratories |publisher = NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research |url = http://ci.noaa.gov/NOAAResearchLaboratories.aspx |access-date = 2014-04-26 |archive-date = 2014-04-27 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140427031648/http://ci.noaa.gov/NOAAResearchLaboratories.aspx |url-status = dead }}</ref>
The '''National Severe Storms Laboratory''' ('''NSSL''') is a [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] (NOAA) weather research laboratory under the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research. It is one of seven NOAA Research Laboratories (RLs).<ref>{{cite web |title = NOAA Research Laboratories |publisher = NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research |url = http://ci.noaa.gov/NOAAResearchLaboratories.aspx |access-date = 2014-04-26 |archive-date = 2014-04-27 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140427031648/http://ci.noaa.gov/NOAAResearchLaboratories.aspx |url-status = dead }}</ref>


NSSL studies weather radar, tornadoes, flash floods, lightning, damaging winds, hail, and winter weather out of Norman, Oklahoma, using various techniques and tools in their HWT, or Hazardous Weather Testbed. NSSL meteorologists developed the first doppler radar for the purpose of meteorological observation, and contributed to the development of the [[NEXRAD]] (WSR-88D).
NSSL studies weather radar, tornadoes, flash floods, lightning, damaging winds, hail, and winter weather out of Norman, Oklahoma, using various techniques and tools in their HWT, or Hazardous Weather Testbed. NSSL meteorologists developed the first doppler radar for the purpose of meteorological observation, and contributed to the development of the [[NEXRAD]] (WSR-88D).


NSSL has a partnership with the [[Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations]] (CIWRO) at the University of Oklahoma that enables collaboration and participation by students and visiting scientists in performing research.<ref name="NSSL-About" /> The Lab also works closely with the [[Storm Prediction Center]] (SPC) and the [[National Weather Service Norman, Oklahoma|National Weather Service Norman Forecast Office]], which are co-located at the [[National Weather Center]] (NWC) in [[Norman, Oklahoma]].<ref name="NSSL-About">[https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/about/ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Severe Storms Laboratory. About NSSL.] Retrieved April 30, 2014.</ref> The NWC houses a combination of University of Oklahoma, NOAA and state organizations that work in collaboration.
== Partnerships ==
NSSL has a partnership with the  
 
* [[Cooperative Institute for Severe and High-Impact Weather Research and Operations]] (CIWRO) at the University of Oklahoma that enables collaboration and participation by students and visiting scientists in performing research<ref name="NSSL-About" />  
* [[Storm Prediction Center]] (SPC) and the [[National Weather Service Norman, Oklahoma|National Weather Service Norman Forecast Office]], which are co-located at the [[National Weather Center]] (NWC) in Norman, Oklahoma<ref name="NSSL-About">[https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/about/ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Severe Storms Laboratory. About NSSL.] Retrieved April 30, 2014.</ref>  
 
The NWC houses a combination of University of Oklahoma, NOAA and state organizations that work in collaboration.


==History==
==History==
[[File:Doppler Weather Radar - NOAA.jpg|thumb|right|NSSL's first [[Doppler weather radar]], the [[NSSL Doppler]], located in [[Norman, Oklahoma]]. 1970s research using this radar led to NWS NEXRAD WSR-88D radar network.]]
In 1962 a research team from the United States Weather Bureau's National Severe Storms Project (NSSP) moved from Kansas City, Missouri to [[Norman, Oklahoma]], where, in 1956, the Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory had installed a 3&nbsp;cm [[Continuous-wave radar|continuous-wave]] Doppler Weather Surveillance Radar-1957 ([[WSR-57]]). This radar was designed to detect very high wind speeds in tornadoes, but could not determine the distance to the tornadoes. In 1963, the Weather Radar Laboratory (WRL) was established in Norman and, in the following year, engineers modified the radar to transmit in pulses. The [[pulse-Doppler radar]] could receive data in between each transmit pulse, eliminating the need for two antennas and solving the distance problem.<ref name="NSSL-Hist">[https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/about/history/ "National Severe Storms Laboratory NSSL History"]</ref>
[[File:Tornado4 - NOAA.jpg|thumb|upright=0.65|right|The first tornado captured on May 24, 1973, by the NSSL Doppler weather radar and NSSL chase personnel. The tornado is here in its early stage of formation near Union City, Oklahoma]]In 1962 a research team from the United States Weather Bureau's National Severe Storms Project (NSSP) moved from Kansas City, Missouri to [[Norman, Oklahoma]], where, in 1956, the Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory had installed a 3&nbsp;cm [[Continuous-wave radar|continuous-wave]] Doppler Weather Surveillance Radar-1957 ([[WSR-57]]). This radar was designed to detect very high wind speeds in tornadoes, but could not determine the distance to the tornadoes. In 1963, the Weather Radar Laboratory (WRL) was established in Norman and, in the following year, engineers modified the radar to transmit in pulses. The [[pulse-Doppler radar]] could receive data in between each transmit pulse, eliminating the need for two antennas and solving the distance problem.<ref name="NSSL-Hist">[https://www.nssl.noaa.gov/about/history/ "National Severe Storms Laboratory NSSL History"]</ref>


In 1964, the remainder of the NSSP moved to Norman, where it merged with WRL and was renamed the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL). Dr. [[Edwin Kessler]] became the first director.<ref name="NSSL-Hist" /> In 1969, NSSL obtained a surplus 10-cm pulse-Doppler radar from the United States Air Force. This radar was used to scan and film the complete life cycle of a tornado in 1973. By comparing the film with velocity images from the radar, the researchers found a pattern that showed the tornado beginning to form before it could be visually detected on the film. The researchers named this phenomenon the Tornado Vortex Signature (TVS).<ref name="NSSL-Hist" /> Research using this radar led to the concept that would later go on to become the NWS NEXRAD WSR-88D radar network.
In 1964, the remainder of the NSSP moved to Norman, where it merged with WRL and was renamed the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL). Dr. [[Edwin Kessler]] became the first director.<ref name="NSSL-Hist" /> In 1969, NSSL obtained a surplus 10-cm pulse-Doppler radar from the United States Air Force. This radar was used to scan and film the complete life cycle of a tornado in 1973. By comparing the film with velocity images from the radar, the researchers found a pattern that showed the tornado beginning to form before it could be visually detected on the film. The researchers named this phenomenon the Tornado Vortex Signature (TVS).<ref name="NSSL-Hist" /> Research using this radar led to the concept that would later go on to become the NWS NEXRAD WSR-88D radar network.
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[[Category:Storm chasing]]
[[Category:Storm chasing]]
[[Category:Weather forecasting]]
[[Category:Weather forecasting]]
[[Category:Weather organizations]]
[[Category:Partner organizations]]
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