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BIA/BIE schools have been criticized for decades for poor academic performance, and for the failure to establish metrics that allow performance to be measured.<ref name=Severns/> In 1969 the graduation rate was about 59%<!--"a point shy of where it was in 1969"-->. Circa 1970 the overall dropout rate of BIA schools was 100% higher than the U.S. dropout average. Citing this statistic, that year [[President of the United States]] [[Richard Nixon]] criticized BIA schools. The 1969 report by the Select Subcommittee of the [[U.S. Senate]] in 1969 (known as the Kennedy Report, as it was headed by [[Robert F. Kennedy]] prior to his assassination) also criticized BIA schools.<ref name=Woodsgetsaway/>
BIA/BIE schools have been criticized for decades for poor academic performance, and for the failure to establish metrics that allow performance to be measured.<ref name=Severns/> In 1969 the graduation rate was about 59%<!--"a point shy of where it was in 1969"-->. Circa 1970 the overall dropout rate of BIA schools was 100% higher than the U.S. dropout average. Citing this statistic, that year [[President of the United States]] [[Richard Nixon]] criticized BIA schools. The 1969 report by the Select Subcommittee of the [[U.S. Senate]] in 1969 (known as the Kennedy Report, as it was headed by [[Robert F. Kennedy]] prior to his assassination) also criticized BIA schools.<ref name=Woodsgetsaway/>


In 1988 a Department of Interior report blamed all levels of leadership for substandard test scores.<ref name=Severns/> In 2001 the [[Government Accountability Office]] (GAO) wrote "The academic achievement of many BIA students as measured by their performance on standardized tests and other measures is far below the performance of students in public schools. BIA students also score considerably below national averages on college admissions tests."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-934/html/GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-934.htm|title=BIA and DOD Schools: Student Achievement and Other Characteristics Often Differ from Public Schools'|publisher=[[Government Accountability Office]]|date=2001-09-28|access-date=2021-08-03}}</ref> [[Bill Clinton]], [[George W. Bush]], and [[Barack Obama]] made attempts to improve BIE schools. In 2015 Maggie Severns of ''[[Politico (magazine)|Politico]]'' wrote that BIE students "have some of the lowest test scores and graduation rates in the country".<ref name=Severns/>
In 1988 a Department of Interior report blamed all levels of leadership for substandard test scores.<ref name=Severns/> In 2001 the [[Government Accountability Office]] (GAO) wrote "The academic achievement of many BIA students as measured by their performance on standardized tests and other measures is far below the performance of students in public schools. BIA students also score considerably below national averages on college admissions tests."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-934/html/GAOREPORTS-GAO-01-934.htm|title=BIA and DOD Schools: Student Achievement and Other Characteristics Often Differ from Public Schools'|publisher=[[Government Accountability Office]]|date=2001-09-28|access-date=2021-08-03}}</ref> [[Bill Clinton]], George W. Bush, and [[Barack Obama]] made attempts to improve BIE schools. In 2015 Maggie Severns of ''[[Politico (magazine)|Politico]]'' wrote that BIE students "have some of the lowest test scores and graduation rates in the country".<ref name=Severns/>


In the 2018-2019 school year, the percentage of BIE students passing their schools' standardized examinations was about 10%<!--1 in 10--> for mathematics and 15% for the English language.<ref name=Woodsgetsaway/> In 2011 BIE students scored better on examinations than students at [[Detroit Public Schools]], but every other large urban school district outperformed students of BIE schools.<ref name=Severns/>
In the 2018-2019 school year, the percentage of BIE students passing their schools' standardized examinations was about 10%<!--1 in 10--> for mathematics and 15% for the English language.<ref name=Woodsgetsaway/> In 2011 BIE students scored better on examinations than students at [[Detroit Public Schools]], but every other large urban school district outperformed students of BIE schools.<ref name=Severns/>
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====Crystal Boarding School====
====Crystal Boarding School====
Crystal Boarding School is a K-6 boarding school in [[Crystal, New Mexico]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bie.edu/schools/directory/crystal-boarding-school|title=Crystal Boarding School|publisher=Bureau of Indian Education|access-date=2021-07-12}} - [https://www.bia.gov/sites/bia.gov/files/assets/as-ia/pdf/idc1-033506.pdf The maps and surveys here] match a site in Crystal CDP. It is not in [[Navajo, New Mexico|Navajo]] CDP.</ref> It opened in 1935 as part of an effort to replace off-reservation Indian boarding schools with on-reservation boarding schools, as a part of the [[New Deal]] project.<ref name=Severns/> In 2014 about 30 students boarded but most did not. Only one dormitory was open, as another was deemed unsafe.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://richmond.com/native-american-schools-face-decay-poverty/article_fd927445-e33c-50bf-953a-c0a3623c53c0.html|title=Native American schools face decay, poverty |agency=[[Associated Press]]|date=2014-10-19|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> In 2013 5% of the students were classified as having mathematics skills on par with their grade levels even though the school had already shifted most of its instruction to mathematics and reading at the expense of science and social studies. In 2015 ''[[Politico (magazine)|Politico]]'' stated that the school's campus was in a poor condition. It had no school counselor.<ref name=Severns/>
Crystal Boarding School is a K-6 boarding school in [[Crystal, New Mexico]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bie.edu/schools/directory/crystal-boarding-school|title=Crystal Boarding School|publisher=Bureau of Indian Education|access-date=2021-07-12}} - [https://www.bia.gov/sites/bia.gov/files/assets/as-ia/pdf/idc1-033506.pdf The maps and surveys here] match a site in Crystal CDP. It is not in [[Navajo, New Mexico|Navajo]] CDP.</ref> It opened in 1935 as part of an effort to replace off-reservation Indian boarding schools with on-reservation boarding schools, as a part of the [[New Deal]] project.<ref name=Severns/> In 2014 about 30 students boarded but most did not. Only one dormitory was open, as another was deemed unsafe.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://richmond.com/native-american-schools-face-decay-poverty/article_fd927445-e33c-50bf-953a-c0a3623c53c0.html|title=Native American schools face decay, poverty |agency=Associated Press|date=2014-10-19|access-date=2021-07-12}}</ref> In 2013 5% of the students were classified as having mathematics skills on par with their grade levels even though the school had already shifted most of its instruction to mathematics and reading at the expense of science and social studies. In 2015 ''[[Politico (magazine)|Politico]]'' stated that the school's campus was in a poor condition. It had no school counselor.<ref name=Severns/>


====Dennehotso Boarding School====
====Dennehotso Boarding School====
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====Wingate Elementary School====
====Wingate Elementary School====
{{As of|1956}} the Wingate Elementary dormitory is a former military barracks that also houses students at Wingate High.<ref>{{cite news|title=Fort Wingate Is A Landmark In New Mexico's History|newspaper=[[The Gallup Independent]]|place=[[Gallup, New Mexico]]|date=1956-08-07|page=Section F page 13}} - [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/82041855/for-wingate-hs/ Clipping] from [[Newspapers.com]].</ref> In 1968 the girls' dormitory had 125 girls; the [[Associated Press]] stated that the dormitory lacked decoration and personal effects and was reflective of a campaign to de-personalize Native American students. At the time the school strongly discouraged students from speaking [[Navajo language|Navajo]] and wanted them to only speak English.<ref>{{cite news|title='Sit, Wait' Is Indian School Curriculum|agency=[[Associated Press]]|newspaper=[[Tucson Daily Citizen]]|date=1968-12-20|page=10}} - [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/82070426/for-wingate-nm/ Clipping] from [[Newspapers.com]].</ref> Circa 1977 it opened a 125-student $90,000 building which used a solar heating system.<ref>{{cite news|title=NM school installs solar heater|agency=[[Associated Press]]|newspaper=[[Las Vegas Optic]]|place=[[Las Vegas, New Mexico]]|date=1977-11-07|page=10}} - [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/82063956/for-wingate-nm/ Clipping] from [[Newspapers.com]].</ref>
{{As of|1956}} the Wingate Elementary dormitory is a former military barracks that also houses students at Wingate High.<ref>{{cite news|title=Fort Wingate Is A Landmark In New Mexico's History|newspaper=[[The Gallup Independent]]|place=[[Gallup, New Mexico]]|date=1956-08-07|page=Section F page 13}} - [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/82041855/for-wingate-hs/ Clipping] from [[Newspapers.com]].</ref> In 1968 the girls' dormitory had 125 girls; the Associated Press stated that the dormitory lacked decoration and personal effects and was reflective of a campaign to de-personalize Native American students. At the time the school strongly discouraged students from speaking [[Navajo language|Navajo]] and wanted them to only speak English.<ref>{{cite news|title='Sit, Wait' Is Indian School Curriculum|agency=Associated Press|newspaper=[[Tucson Daily Citizen]]|date=1968-12-20|page=10}} - [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/82070426/for-wingate-nm/ Clipping] from [[Newspapers.com]].</ref> Circa 1977 it opened a 125-student $90,000 building which used a solar heating system.<ref>{{cite news|title=NM school installs solar heater|agency=Associated Press|newspaper=[[Las Vegas Optic]]|place=[[Las Vegas, New Mexico]]|date=1977-11-07|page=10}} - [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/82063956/for-wingate-nm/ Clipping] from [[Newspapers.com]].</ref>


===Tribally operated===
===Tribally operated===
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