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Wayback Machine: Difference between revisions
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The '''Wayback Machine''' is a [[Web archiving|digital archive]] of the [[World Wide Web]] founded by the [[Internet Archive]], an [[501(c)(3) organization|American nonprofit organization]] based in | The '''Wayback Machine''' is a [[Web archiving|digital archive]] of the [[World Wide Web]] founded by the [[Internet Archive]], an [[501(c)(3) organization|American nonprofit organization]] based in San Francisco, [[California]]. Created in 1996 and launched to the public in 2001, it allows users to go "back in time" to see how websites looked in the past. Its founders, [[Brewster Kahle]] and [[Bruce Gilliat]], developed the Wayback Machine to provide "universal access to all knowledge" by preserving archived copies of defunct web pages.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kahle |first=Brewster |date=November 23, 2005 |title=Universal Access to all Knowledge |url=https://archive.org/details/SDForumBK |archive-date=August 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814164546/https://archive.org/details/SDForumBK |access-date=June 5, 2022 |website=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> | ||
Launched on May 10, 1996, the Wayback Machine had saved more than 38.2 billion web pages by the end of 2009. As of November 2024, the Wayback Machine has archived more than 916 billion web pages and well over 100 [[petabytes]] of data.<ref name="Homepage">{{Cite web |date= |title=Internet Archive: Wayback Machine |url=https://web.archive.org/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313021854/https://archive.org/web/ |archive-date=March 13, 2023 |access-date= |website=web.archive.org}} The current number of archived pages can be seen at the archive's [https://web.archive.org/ home page].</ref><ref name="Kahle">{{cite web |last1=Kahle |first1=Brewster |title=A Message from Internet Archive Founder, Brewster Kahle |url=https://archive.org/donate |website=Internet Archive |access-date=January 10, 2024}}</ref> | Launched on May 10, 1996, the Wayback Machine had saved more than 38.2 billion web pages by the end of 2009. As of November 2024, the Wayback Machine has archived more than 916 billion web pages and well over 100 [[petabytes]] of data.<ref name="Homepage">{{Cite web |date= |title=Internet Archive: Wayback Machine |url=https://web.archive.org/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313021854/https://archive.org/web/ |archive-date=March 13, 2023 |access-date= |website=web.archive.org}} The current number of archived pages can be seen at the archive's [https://web.archive.org/ home page].</ref><ref name="Kahle">{{cite web |last1=Kahle |first1=Brewster |title=A Message from Internet Archive Founder, Brewster Kahle |url=https://archive.org/donate |website=Internet Archive |access-date=January 10, 2024}}</ref> | ||
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The Internet Archive began archiving [[Cache (computing)|cached]] web pages in 1996. One of the earliest known pages was archived on May 10, 1996, at <time>2:08{{nbs}}p.m.</time> ([[UTC]]).<ref>{{cite web<!-- NOTE: reference and work is to the Wayback snapshot -->|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19960510140808/http://www.pepsico.com/|url=http://www.pepsico.com/|title=PepsiCo Home Page|work=[[Internet Archive]]/Wayback Machine|author=[[PepsiCo]], Inc.|date=May 10, 1996|archive-date=May 10, 1996|access-date=October 8, 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref> | The Internet Archive began archiving [[Cache (computing)|cached]] web pages in 1996. One of the earliest known pages was archived on May 10, 1996, at <time>2:08{{nbs}}p.m.</time> ([[UTC]]).<ref>{{cite web<!-- NOTE: reference and work is to the Wayback snapshot -->|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19960510140808/http://www.pepsico.com/|url=http://www.pepsico.com/|title=PepsiCo Home Page|work=[[Internet Archive]]/Wayback Machine|author=[[PepsiCo]], Inc.|date=May 10, 1996|archive-date=May 10, 1996|access-date=October 8, 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref> | ||
Internet Archive founders [[Brewster Kahle]] and [[Bruce Gilliat]] launched the Wayback Machine in | Internet Archive founders [[Brewster Kahle]] and [[Bruce Gilliat]] launched the Wayback Machine in San Francisco, [[California]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wayback Machine General Information |url=https://help.archive.org/hc/en-us/articles/360004716091-Wayback-Machine-General-Information |access-date=March 2, 2021 |website=Internet Archive |archive-url=https://archive.today/20191205053755/https://help.archive.org/hc/en-us/articles/360004716091-Wayback-Machine-General-Information |archive-date=December 5, 2019}}</ref> in October 2001,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://whois.domaintools.com/waybackmachine.org |title=WayBackMachine.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools |work=[[WHOIS]] |access-date=March 13, 2016 |archive-date=May 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514175402/http://whois.domaintools.com/waybackmachine.org |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://whois.domaintools.com/internetarchive.org|title=InternetArchive.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools|work=[[WHOIS]]|access-date=March 13, 2016|archive-date=May 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200512114745/http://whois.domaintools.com/internetarchive.org|url-status=live}}</ref> primarily to address the problem of web content vanishing whenever it gets changed or when a website is shut down.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Notess |first=Greg R. |date=March–April 2002 |title=The Wayback Machine: The Web's Archive |journal=Online |volume=26 |pages=59–61 |id={{INIST|13517724}} }}</ref> The service enables users to see archived versions of [[web page]]s across time, which the archive calls a "three-dimensional index".<ref>{{citation |title=Frequently Asked Questions|chapter-url=https://archive.org/about/faqs.php#The_Wayback_Machine |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918131957/https://archive.org/about/faqs.php#The_Wayback_Machine |url-status=live |chapter=The Wayback Machine |access-date=September 18, 2018 |archive-date=September 18, 2018}}</ref> Kahle and Gilliat created the machine hoping to archive the entire Internet and provide "universal access to all knowledge".<ref name="Internet Archive Blogs">{{Cite web |url=https://blog.archive.org/2016/10/25/20000-hard-drives-on-a-mission/ |title=20,000 Hard Drives on a Mission |website=Internet Archive Blogs |date=October 25, 2016 |access-date=October 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020153727/https://blog.archive.org/2016/10/25/20000-hard-drives-on-a-mission/ |archive-date=October 20, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> The name "Wayback Machine" is a reference to a fictional time-traveling device in the animated cartoon ''[[The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends]]'' from the 1960s.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/feb2002/tc20020228_1080.htm |title=A Library as Big as the World |last=Green |first=Heather |date=February 28, 2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111220074306/http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/feb2002/tc20020228_1080.htm |archive-date=December 20, 2011 |magazine=BusinessWeek}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/08/business/responsible-party-brewster-kahle-a-library-of-the-web-on-the-web.html |title=Responsible Party – Brewster Kahle; A Library Of the Web, On the Web |last=Tong |first=Judy |date=September 8, 2002 |work=The New York Times |access-date= August 15, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110220181725/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/08/business/responsible-party-brewster-kahle-a-library-of-the-web-on-the-web.html |archive-date=February 20, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[[Keith Scott (voice actor)|Keith Scott]] (2000). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=qdwcbJxM-HsC The Moose that Roared: The Story of Jay Ward, Bill Scott, a Flying Squirrel, and a Talking Moose]''. [[St. Martin's Press]]. {{ISBN|0-312-19922-8}}</ref> In a segment of the cartoon entitled "Peabody's Improbable History", the characters [[Mister Peabody]] and Sherman use the "[[Wayback Machine (Peabody's Improbable History)|Wayback Machine]]" to travel back in time to witness and participate in famous historical events.<ref name="Markstein">{{cite web | last = Markstein | first = Don | authorlink = | title = Toonopedia: "Peabody's Improbable History" | ||
| publisher = Toonpedia.com| date = | url = http://www.toonopedia.com/peabody.htm | doi = | accessdate = 2024-11-07 }}</ref> | | publisher = Toonpedia.com| date = | url = http://www.toonopedia.com/peabody.htm | doi = | accessdate = 2024-11-07 }}</ref> | ||